livro design thinking - inovao negcios
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Program Name or Ancillary Text eere.energy.gov
Federal Energy Management Program
Federal Goals & High PerformanceSustainable Buildings
Timothy D. Unruh, PhD, PE, CEM, LEED AP
Program Manager, DOE FEMP
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Federal Energy Management Program femp.energy.gov 3
Focus of today’s FEMP Presentation
1. Federal Energy/Water Goals and Status
2. Successful tools of Sustainable High Performances Buildings
3. Importance of Building Performance Data collection
4. Perspective on Federal Mandates
FEMP Presentation Overview
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Reduce Energy Intensity Goal: Reduce energy intensity (Btu/square foot) by 15% in FY
2010 compared to FY 2003; 30% reduction required in FY 2015.
Status: 15.0% reduction (only 10.8% without additional credits)
Reduce Water Consumption Intensity Goal: FY 2010 - Reduce water consumption intensity (Gal/sf) by
6% relative to 2007 baseline; 16% by the end of FY 2015; 26% byFY 2020.
Status: Government reduced water consumption intensity by10.4% in FY 2010 compared to FY 2007.
Federal Energy/Water Goals and Status
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Use Renewable Electric Energy Goal: Use renewable electric energy equivalent to at least 5% of
total electricity use; at least half of which must come from sources
developed after January 1, 1999. Must be at least 7.5% in FY2013 and thereafter.
Status: 5.2% overall
Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Goal: Reduce government-wide GHG emissions by 28% for
Scope 1&2 emissions and 13% for Scope 3 emissions by 2020(from 2008 levels)
Status: 6.4% reduction for Scope 1&2; Scope 3 pending
Federal Energy/Water Goals and Status
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Federal Energy Management Program femp.energy.gov 6
DOD
57.2%
DOE
7.7%
VA
7.4%
USPS
6.7% GSA
4.8%
Justice
3.4%
HHS
2.7%NASA
2.4% DHS1.3%Interior
1.3%USDA
1.0% DOT
0.9%
DOC
0.7%DOL
0.6%
Treasury
0.5%
Other*
1.4%
*Other includes:
• EPA
• TVA
• SSA• Archives
• State
• HUD
• NRC
• RRB
Total Federal Faci li ty Energy Use(Energy Goal Subject and Excluded)
Federal Energy/Water Goals and Status
Federal Facility Statistics
owns nearly 500,000 buildings covering 3.1 billion square feet,
accounting for 0.4 percent of the nation’s
energy usage,
and emitting about 2 percent of all U.S.
building-related greenhouse gases
Building Energy Use by Agency: 386 Tril lion Btu
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85000
90000
95000
100000
105000
110000
115000
120000
125000
130000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
B t u p e r G r o s s S q u a r e F o o t
Fiscal Year
Government Building Energy IntensityFY 2003 - FY 2010
(preliminary data)
2010 Progress107,492 Btu/GSF15.3% Reduction
EISA/E.O. 13423 Goal30% Reduct ion
in 2015
EISA/E.O. 13423 Goal15% Reduction in FY 2010
18%
21%
24%
27%30%
Federal Energy/Water Goals and Status
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REDUCEENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT OFMATERIALS
ENHANCE INDOORENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY
PROTECT ANDCONSERVE
WATER
USEINTEGRATED
DESIGN
OPTIMIZE
ENERGYPERFORMANCE
Sustainability Mandates for Federal Facilities
- Guiding Principles for Federal Leadership in High Performance and Sustainable Buildings
Primary area of FEMP Focus
Federal Energy/Water Goals and Status
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What's the best way to achieve
High-Performance FederalBuildings?
• There is no single technology, rating
system, or magic bullet that achieves high
performance buildings.
• Integrated design, building information
modeling, and building performance data
are some examples of current tools used
to ensure the successful constructions
and operations of high-performance
buildings.
• Retrofits/Renovations are CRITICAL for Agencies to focus on when attempting to
meet Federal Goals
Successful tools of Sustainable HighPerformances Buildings
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Owned Building Assets Leased Building
Assets
D o m e s t i c
S q .
F t . ( B i l l i o n )
GSA Federal Real Property ReportDomestic Owned and Leased Real Property Trend
FY 2003 FY 2005 FY 2008 FY 2009
New construction adds only a small percentage to the
Federal building inventory each year, less than 6% in
FY 2009.
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Importance of collecting Building Performance Data for Exist ing Facilities
Effective O&M is one of the most cost-effective methods for ensuring reliability, safety, and energy efficiency. Properly performedO&M can;
• ensure optimum equipment performance and efficiency
• extend life expectancy of equipment
• reduce/eliminate early equipment failure
• mitigate energy waste due to inadequate maintenance
However NO type of effective O&M can be undertaken without consistent and quality data!
Importance of Building PerformanceData
R e a c t i v e M a i n t e n a n c e
Breakdown or Run-to-FailureMaintenance
Basic philosophy
• Allow machinery to runto failure.
•Repair or replacedamaged equipmentwhen obvious problemsoccur.
Cost: ~$18/hp/yr
P r e v e n t i v e M a i n t e n a n c e
Time-BasedMaintenance
Basic philosophy
•Schedule maintenanceactivities atpredetermined timeintervals.
•Repair or replacedamaged equipmentbefore obviousproblems occur.
Cost: ~$13/hp/yr
P r e d i c t i v e M a i n t e n a n c e
Condition-BasedMaintenance
Basic philosophy
•Schedule maintenanceactivities whenmechanical oroperational conditionswarrant.
•Repair or replacedamaged equipmentbefore obviousproblems occur.
Cost: ~$9/hp/yr R e l i a b i l i t y C e n t e r e d
M a i n t e n a n c e
Pro-Active orPreventionMaintenance
Basic philosophy
•A blend of reactive/predictive/ preventivemaintenance techniques
•Use analysis to detectand pinpoint the preciseproblems
•Avoid or eliminateproblems fromoccurring.
Cost: ~$6/hp/yr
* SOURCE- FEMP Operation s & Maintenanc e Best Practi ces Guide: v3
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A g e n c y A g g r e g a t e D a t a Example data
• Annual EnergyUse/Intensity for Agency
• Scope 1&2 GHGemissions
• Renewable EnergyUse/Production
• Building inventorycompliance withGPs A
g e n c y O
p e r a t i o n s D a t a Example data
•Fleet fuel use
• Product Purchasing
• O+M functions
• Waste/Recycling
Management
• Scope 3 GHGemissions
I n d i v i d u a
l B u i l d i n g D a t a Example data
• Annual or MonthlyBuilding energy/water use
• Building Use Info
• Renewable Energy
Use /Production atBuilding level
• Compliance withGuiding Principles
• New Construction/Major Renovations
S p e c i
f i c P r o j e c t D a t a Example data
• ECMs
• ESPC/UESC
• RenovationProjects Costs
Agency & Facilities Functions – 4 aspects of required Federal data col lection
The Federal reporting requirements require Agencies to report on a multitude different aspects of their dailyoperations and energy use, not just at the facility level.
To help Agencies understand the requirements, these reporting data needs can essentially be generalized
into four sections; Agency Aggregate Data, Agency Operations Data, Individual Bui ld ing Data, andSpecific Project Data.
Importance of Building PerformanceData
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Federal Agency and Facili ty Sustainabili ty Report ing Guidance
Importance of Building PerformanceData
AGENCY
AGGREGATE
DATA
AGENCY
OPERATIONS
DATA
SPECIFC
BUILDING DATA
SPECIFIC
PROJECT DATA
OMB Sustainability/Energy Scorecard
FEMP EISA 432 Compliance Tracking System
EPA Energy Star
Portfolio Manager
GSA Federal Real
Property Profile
FEMP Annual GHG and Sustainability Data Report*
DOE Annual Report on Federal Government Energy Management
NOTE * - All data collected in report is at aggregate level. NEW CONTSTRUCTION in design phase is collected as well.
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When collecting bui lding performance data, it’simportant think about…
• Availability
• Obtainability
• Cost
• Time
• Standardization
• Public
Ease ofCollection
• Relevance
• Importance
• Comparability
• Utility
Usefulnessof
Information
• Quantification• Accuracy
• Precision
• Clarity
• Simplicity
Quality ofData
Importance of Building PerformanceData
0.51
0.40
0.22
0.23
0.42
0.37
0.73
0.46
0.31
Revise control sequence
Reduce equipment runtime
Reduce lighting schedule
Add/adjust occupancy/daylightsensor
Optimize airside economizer
Reduce coil leakage
Add VFD to chiller
Add VFD to pump
Add VFD to fan
Key Energy Saving Measuresfor Large Office Buildings
Median Site Energy Savings (kBtu/sq.ft./yr)
Case Study: Large Office parameters based on a 350,000-550,000 sq.ft office
building constructed after 2000 and in climate zone 3C.Source: LBNL - A Study on Energy Savings and Measure Cost Effectiveness of Existing
Building Commissioning Dec 2009
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Required & Optional Facility Energy Performance Data Collection
Importance of Building PerformanceData
Total Facili ty EnergyUse (Electric)
ProcessLoads
Outdoor
Parking Lot
Snow Melting
Sign Lighting
Other Outdoor
WalkwayLighting
Building
Plug Loads
Computers
Printers
Kitchen
SpecialEquipment
HVAC
Heating
Cooling
Fans
Lighting
Façade
Plug-in
Installed
Hot Water
Other BuildingSystems
Cogeneration
OptionalSub-Metering
RequiredMetering
TypicalSub-Metering
METERING
$
$$
AdvancedMeteringOptions
RequiredEPAct 2005
Metering
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The success of achieving the goals and mandates are dependent on numerous s trategies, including• Proper integrated design,
• quality building re/retro-commissioning,
• proper goal setting/benchmarking,
• verification that systems are operating as designed,
• institutional operations
However one of the most crucial items to focus on are the Agency O+Mprotocols:
• Do the facility managers have protocols for checking automatic controls?
• Do they know when those controls are malfunctioning?
• Do they know how their buildings are running?
• How much is meter data is being collected currently or analyzed? Would additional
metering improve anything?
• Is the data being collected ACTUALLY being used to verify building operations andupgrades?
• Are all mechanisms/programs to obtain energy efficiency equipment being used?
• Are the benchmarking goals being performed with management input and oversight?
KEY O&M POINTS
Importance of Building PerformanceData
*per EPAct 2005 Section 103
94.2% of appropriate Federal Buildings* have electric meters installed. The focus now should be onoptimum use of that data!
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What is the difference between the types of regulations?
Perspective on Federal Mandates
• EXAMPLE – By 2015, reduced energy intensity by 30%as compared with the energy consumption per grosssquare foot of the Federal buildings of the agency infiscal year 2003.
Outcome Based Requirements
• EXAMPLE – All new construction, major renovation orrepair and alteration of Federal buildings are to compile
with the Guiding Principles.
Design Standards Requirements
• EXAMPLE – Require 95% of new contrac ts act ions toinclude products and services that includeenergy/environmental product specifications
Prescriptive Process Requirements
EXAMPLES
The key to effective legislation is
to set a target and then allow Agencies to achieve that targetthrough “ best practices” thatare most effective andappropriate for that Agency
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Perspective on Federal Mandates
PresidentialMemo (12/2/11)
Performancecontracting
Review of Federal Sustainabili ty Mandates – Energy/Water
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Executive Order 13563, Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
Section 3
- Calls on Agencies “to reduce burdens, redundancy, and conflict, and at the same time to promote
predictability, certainty, and innovation.”
Proposed FEMP 3-point legislative litmus test
1. Mandates/requirements should be goal oriented, non-
prescriptive, nor should they overlap or unintentionally conflict
with current requirements.
2. Legislation should mandate reporting protocols that ensure that
only practical, reliable and useable data is collected and
reported
3. The legislative language should place an emphasis on
processes that ensure that the proposed targets and goals can
be maintained in the future.
Perspective on Federal Mandates