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LNG Cold Energy Utilization IntroductionLNG as urban household fuel and industrial chemicals associated with the gasification process, which contains the cold energy has not been fully utilized.Under the high energy prices and demand, the premise of cold energy economics of recycling projects can not be ignored. To fully grasp this opportunity, we need to learn the experiences and lessons from abroad, to realize own values, innovate the intellectual property rights of a self-optimize by using LNG cold energy technologies and integrated LNG receiving terminal in a reasonable arrangements for LNG cold energy recovery facilitiesThe use of cold energy of LNG has the vital significance to save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce pollutants discharge. Cold energy of LNG not only has feature of the high density but also of extensiveness of temperature distributionApplications and ProductsUsageFeaturesDeep frozen Low-temperature cold storage

Food preservation and so on

Effective use of floor space, less failure, and easy maintenance

Air separation Liquid CO2 liquid nitrogenCentralized cooling system ,etc.

Reduce the production cost of raw materials, energy consumption were reduced. Substantial economic benefits liquid oxygenWelding and so on liquid argonOzone and so on

Cryogenic grindingRubber PowderIndustrial production and so on Cost savings, good economic returns, products easy transportation Cold energy power generation Power Generation As power and lighting and so on

Considerable economic benefit, the failure of small

DesalinationDesalinated water Industrial and civilian

Table 1. World LNG cold energy application fields and characteristic. (Shier D. et al, 2011)LNG cryogenic energy cascade processThe fully optimized LNG cryogenic energy cascade process effectively utilizes LNG's quantitatively limited cryogenic energy by exchanging its cold energy serially and sequentially with multiple fluids in different temperature stages ranging from low to ordinary temperatures, thereby minimizing the consumption of LNG. This system is designed to provide LNG cryogenic energy for :- (1) Separation of light hydrocarbons produced as a byproduct in the oil refining process (-100 degC level), (2) Liquefaction of carbon dioxide produced as a byproduct in the manufacture of hydrogen (-55 degC level), (3) Low-temperature storage of normal-temperature butane (-8C level), (4) Chilling of water used to cool the intake air for gas turbines (10C level).LNG Cold energy utilization techniques

Figure 1. Flow of LNG without cascade process. (Ikeda k. et al, 2008) 6

Figure 2. Flow of LNG without cascade process. (Ikeda k. et al, 2008)

Carbon dioxide liquefying process flowFigure 8. Technological issues for developing the carbon dioxide liquefaction process

Figure 3. Technological issues for developing the carbon dioxide liquefaction process. (Ikeda k. et al, 2008) Butane cooling process

Figure 4. Technological issues for developing the Butane cooling process. (Ikeda k. et al, 2008) Air Liquefaction Separation Plant

LNG cryogenic power generation

Figure 6. Technological issues for developing the Rankine cycle type power plant. (Ikeda k. et al, 2008)SummaryWorldwide demand for LNG is expected to continue to increase significantly in future because of growing environmental concerns. Therefore, promoting the effective utilization of LNG cryogenic energy is an important issue in terms of energy conservation and environmental protection. By applying LNG cryogenic energy sequentially in a "cascading" fashion using four different temperature ranges, large energy savings can be achieved as compared with earlier processes, and the amount of LNG required can be reduced as well. Further, the application of these processes among neighbouring plants within an industrial complex can reduce the amounts of fuel consumed by those companies by about 1,000 kL per year. At the same time, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by approximately 50,000 t-CO2 annually. ReferencesShier D., Jinfeng W., Hong Y., Research on Current Status and Prospects of LNG Cryogenic Energy Utilization, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 2010.Zafri M., Cold Energy Utilization from LNG Regasification, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 2013Ikeda K., Hamatani E., Sakamoto Y., Takubo M., Ogawa E., Emi H., and Kusagawa M., Fully optimized cascaded lng cryogenic energy utilization system", Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. Japan, 2008