L’obesità infantile nella Regione

europea

Francesco Branca

Department of Nutrition for Health and Development

WHO/HQ

Stili di vita e stato ponderale dei bambini italiani: i risultati

della IV raccolta dati di OKkio alla SALUTE

• Only around 25% of

Member States had

validated national

prevalence data on

overweight or

obesity in primary

school children

• Huge variation within

and between Member

States in data

collection and analysis

• Lack of comparable

data

• Gap of data on children

between 6-9 years old

Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative

(COSI)

Aims and objectives of COSI

• To implement a harmonized system across the WHO European Region and

• to measure trends in overweight and obesity in primary school children – to fill the current gap in available cross national comparable

data on primary-school children aged 6-9 year-olds

– to have a correct understanding of the progress of the epidemic

– to monitor the policy response to the emerging obesity epidemic

Participating countries in COSI

A north- south gradient of overweight (COSI 2010) %

Ob

ese

an

d o

verw

eig

ht

49

45 45

34 34 32

30 29 28 26 25 25 24 24 24 23

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

GRC ITA** ESP MLT* MKD PRT SVN NOR** BGR IRL HUN LVA LTU CZE SWE BEL

Prevalence of overweight among boys aged 7

years (COSI 2010)

%

* 6-year-olds

** 8-year-olds

Prevalence of overweight among boys

in COSI round 1 and 2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

% o

verw

eig

ht

2007/2008 2009/2010

Prevalence of overweight among girls

in COSI round 1 and 2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

8 9 7 6 7 8 7 6 7 8 9 7 7 8 7

% o

verw

eig

ht

2007/2008 2009/2010

Prevalence of overweight (BMI-for-age +1SD)

among European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys and girls) in 2002

15%≤ BMI-for-age <20%

10%≤ BMI-for-age <15%

BMI-for-age >10%

BMI-for-age ≥20%

No information

Source: HBSC 2002

Prevalence of overweight (BMI -for-age +1SD)among

European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys and girls) in 2006

15%≤ BMI-for-age <20%

10%≤ BMI-for-age <15%

BMI-for-age >10%

BMI-for-age ≥20%

Source: HBSC , 2006

Prevalence of overweight (BMI -for-age +1SD) among

European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys and girls) in 2010

15%≤ BMI-for-age <20%

10%≤ BMI-for-age <15%

BMI-for-age >10%

BMI-for-age ≥20%

Source: HBSC, 2010

Prevalence of overweight (BMI -for-age +1SD) among

European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys

and girls) in 2010 by “sub-region”

14,1

20,2

11,5

15,5 14,7

21,3

15,6 16,2

15,3

22,5

18,5 17,3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Western Europe Southern Europe Eastern Europe Northern Europe

%

2002

2006

2010

Sharper increase

Source: HBSC – unpublished, please do not quote

Social inequalities in obesity persist in the Nordic

Region despite its relative affluence and equity

Source : Magnusson et al. Curr Obes Rep (2014) 3:1-15

The objectives of the report are to

provide guidance:

• To set national targets in alignment

with global NCD targets

• To implement a set of priority

interventions to attain national targets

• To report on progress made in

attaining these targets

WHO Global Status Report on NCDs

2014

WHO Global Status Report on NCDs

2014 : obesity in men

WHO Global Status Report on NCDs

2014 : obesity in women

WHO provides upstream policy advice to set

national targets

6 global targets for nutrition to be attained by 2025

-40% 40% reduction in number of children

under-5 who are stunted

-30% 30% reduction in low birth weight

≥ 50% Increase the rate of

exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months to

at least 50%

-50% 50% reduction of anaemia in women reproductive age

0% No increase in childhood

overweight

<5% Reduce and

maintain childhood

wasting to less than 5%

Over 2,200 participants including:

• Representatives from more than 170

governments

• Heads of State and Government and Royals

• 85 Ministers and 23 Vice-Ministers from Foreign

Affairs, Agriculture and Health

• 100 Members of Parliament

• 30 representatives of the UN System and IGOs

• 150 representatives from civil society

• 100 representatives from the private sector,

consumer associations, and producer

organizations

• Many opinion leaders, researchers, and

development experts

Commitments of the Rome Declaration on Nutrition

Eradicate hunger and prevent all forms of malnutrition

Increase investments

Enhance sustainable food systems

Raise the profile of nutrition

Strengthen human and institutional capacities

Strengthen and facilitate, contributions and action by all

stakeholders

Ensure healthy diets throughout the life course

Create enabling environment for making informed choices

Implement the commitments through the Framework for Action

Integrate vision and commitments into the post-2015 agenda

ICN2 Framework for Action

60 policy and programme options

• Sustainable food systems promoting healthy diets

• International trade and investment

• Nutrition education and information

• Social protection

• Health systems delivery of direct nutrition interventions and health services to improve nutrition

• Water, sanitation and hygiene

• Food safety

European Ministerial Conference on Counteracting

Obesity & Vienna Declaration on nutrition and NCD &

EU Action Plan Childhood Obesity

European Food and Nutrition Action

Plan 2015-2020 – priority areas 1. Create healthy food and drink

environments

2. Promote the gains of a healthy diet throughout life, especially for the most vulnerable groups

3. Reinforce health systems to promote healthy diets

4. Support surveillance, monitoring, evaluation and research

5. Strengthen governance, alliances and networks to ensure a health-in-all-policies approach

Overview Policy Actions Implementation

53 WHO/Europe Member States – 2012/13

Po

lic

y

Ac

tio

ns

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Measures to affect food prices

Labelling - signposting

Reformulation - less sugar and salt

Promote Active Travel for school-children

Marketing HFSS foods to children - restrictions

Salt reduction initiatives

School Fruit Scheme (SFS) or similar

Programs in schools (inc. vending machines)

Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative

Physical Activity Policy incl. Guidelines

Breastfeeding promotion and protection policies

Food Based Dietary Guidelines

Labelling - nutritional information

No Action Partially implemented Fully implemented

www.who.int/nutrition/