local government development program and poverty reduction in uganda: lessons from aid policies...
TRANSCRIPT
Local Government Development Local Government Development Program and Poverty Reduction Program and Poverty Reduction
in Uganda: Lessons from Aid in Uganda: Lessons from Aid PoliciesPolicies
Shuaib LwasaShuaib LwasaDepartment of GeographyDepartment of Geography
Makerere UniversityMakerere UniversityTel: 256 41 531261 (off) 256 77 461727Tel: 256 41 531261 (off) 256 77 461727
Contents of presentationContents of presentation IntroductionIntroduction The Urbanizing povertyThe Urbanizing poverty Local Government Development Local Government Development
Programme (LGDP)Programme (LGDP) Participatory planning and poverty Participatory planning and poverty
eradicationeradication Lessons learnedLessons learned ConclusionsConclusions
Introduction Introduction Poverty eradication is still leading on Uganda’s Poverty eradication is still leading on Uganda’s
development and political agendadevelopment and political agenda
It is pursued at different levels from national, sub-It is pursued at different levels from national, sub-national and local levelsnational and local levels
Various policies and strategies implemented but Various policies and strategies implemented but outcomes yet to be inclusive and comprehensiveoutcomes yet to be inclusive and comprehensive
Interventions focused on rural areas but there is Interventions focused on rural areas but there is increasing concentration of poverty in urban increasing concentration of poverty in urban areasareas
Projected Urban Population versus Projected Urban Population versus Rural PopulationRural Population
If not addressed, poverty is to worsen in urban areas
IntroductionIntroduction
In Uganda decentralization and foreign aid has shifted In Uganda decentralization and foreign aid has shifted poverty reduction strategies from top-down to bottom-uppoverty reduction strategies from top-down to bottom-up
This is through Local Government Development Program This is through Local Government Development Program (LGDP) which is a demand and performance driven (LGDP) which is a demand and performance driven processprocess
Main ingredients; actors, identification of needs, Main ingredients; actors, identification of needs, prioritization and investment in projects at various levelsprioritization and investment in projects at various levels
ImportantImportant; MD target of halving urban population with out ; MD target of halving urban population with out sanitation in urban areassanitation in urban areas
Administrative Structure and LGDP Administrative Structure and LGDP ImplementationImplementation
Village (LC 1)
Parish Parish
Sub county Council
District Council
Village (LC 1) Village (LC 1) Village (LC 1)
Ministry ofLocal Government
Filt
erin
g of
Prio
rity
Nee
ds
Tra
nsfe
rs,
Men
torin
g an
d S
uper
visi
on
Transfers
Assessment
Research Issues and MethodologyResearch Issues and Methodology
Research focused on assessing how LGDP Research focused on assessing how LGDP and the development planning processes is and the development planning processes is addressing the needs and priorities of urban addressing the needs and priorities of urban communities in poverty reduction communities in poverty reduction
Methodology Methodology – comparative analysis of four study sites in comparative analysis of four study sites in
Kampala, employed participatory methodsKampala, employed participatory methods
Poverty analysis frameworksPoverty analysis frameworks
Poverty•Understanding•Measurement•Intervention
Response to marketIncentives;individual,
circumstances
Structuralist Theory;Societal institutions
Good Governance;Power to decide,
Responsibility andobligations
Rural-Urban Divide;Economic equilibrium
Origin-Destination;Rural-urban
MigrationUrbanizing poverty
Which policies, programs address poverty using comprehensive framework of analysis?
Local Government Development Programme Local Government Development Programme (LGDP)(LGDP)
BackgroundBackground– Government programme that is multi-lateral fundedGovernment programme that is multi-lateral funded– Launched in 2000 for three years and now LGDP III up to 2008Launched in 2000 for three years and now LGDP III up to 2008– In support of the decentralization policy implementationIn support of the decentralization policy implementation– Involves development planning that is participatory from lower level Involves development planning that is participatory from lower level
administrative unitsadministrative units ApproachApproach
– Local Development Grants and Capacity Building GrantsLocal Development Grants and Capacity Building Grants– Budget conferencesBudget conferences– Bottom – up filtering of needs, priorities of investment projectsBottom – up filtering of needs, priorities of investment projects– Private sector led project implementation through public Private sector led project implementation through public
procurement processprocurement process– Community participation in identification, financing and Community participation in identification, financing and
implementation??implementation??– Programme cost is US $ 88.9m and US $ 52.5m is for direct Programme cost is US $ 88.9m and US $ 52.5m is for direct
investment in the LGs. investment in the LGs.
Investment areas under LGDPInvestment areas under LGDP
Projects include;Projects include;– Water supplyWater supply– Sanitation facilitiesSanitation facilities– Education facilities and financingEducation facilities and financing– Construction of roadsConstruction of roads– Drainage installationDrainage installation– Street lightingStreet lighting– Waste management facilitiesWaste management facilities– Health infrastructure and financingHealth infrastructure and financing
Indicative Figures for Kampala for Indicative Figures for Kampala for FY 2004/05FY 2004/05
Local Government Population
LDG Funding (Ug Shillings)
CBG Funding (Ug Shillings)
Total Funding (Ug Shillings)
KCC Headquarters
1,208,196
2,662,042,000
339,958,000
3,002,000,000
CENTRAL
90,371
238,926,000
25,427,000
264,353,000
KAWEMPE
268,659
710,125,000
75,572,000
785,697,000
MAKINDYE
300,851
530,565,000
84,695,000
615,260,000
NAKAWA
246,210
651,020,000
69,282,000
720,302,000
RUBAGA
302,105
798,531,000
84,981,000
883,512,000
Total
6,271,124,000 Source: Three Year District Development Plan 2005/2008
Bottom – up filteringBottom – up filtering
Transfers
Transfers
Priority
Priority
Scale
Macro-
Meso-
Micro-
Zone meeting
PDC
City/Division Council
Household
Community
Household
Messages from BeneficiariesMessages from Beneficiaries
‘‘Our School’ versus their Our School’ versus their schoolschool
Management committees Management committees for sustainabilityfor sustainability
Double-edged investment Double-edged investment projectsprojects
Phasing resource Phasing resource demanding projects is good demanding projects is good solutionsolution
Information flow improvedInformation flow improved
Lessons learnedLessons learned Beyond talk; participatory approaches have and can work; enhancement Beyond talk; participatory approaches have and can work; enhancement
requiredrequired
Governance and responsibility changes of LGs coming with Aid applauded Governance and responsibility changes of LGs coming with Aid applauded
A new dimension of cumulative effect of aid policiesA new dimension of cumulative effect of aid policies
Private sector practices; market values versus contract valuesPrivate sector practices; market values versus contract values– Employment generation for local communities not prioritizedEmployment generation for local communities not prioritized
Resources for sustainability Resources for sustainability
Principle of good governance still not well embraced by authorities; e.g. Principle of good governance still not well embraced by authorities; e.g. changes in prioritieschanges in priorities
Requirement: Capacity building for LGs (beyond performance monitoring) Requirement: Capacity building for LGs (beyond performance monitoring) especially for long-range planningespecially for long-range planning
Conclusions Conclusions
Eradicating poverty is challenging due to the nature of Eradicating poverty is challenging due to the nature of poverty and its dynamismpoverty and its dynamism
LGDP in Uganda providing some of the solutions to LGDP in Uganda providing some of the solutions to poverty reduction strategiespoverty reduction strategies
Participation of communities and consultations has Participation of communities and consultations has enabled informed decision making enabled informed decision making
LGDP and people-centered approaches need to be LGDP and people-centered approaches need to be institutionalized for sustenance of resultsinstitutionalized for sustenance of results
Strategic necessary to provide a framework for short term Strategic necessary to provide a framework for short term investmentsinvestments
Thank youThank you