local renewables freiburg 2007 june 14, 2007 tobias kelm centre for solar energy and hydrogen...
TRANSCRIPT
Local Renewables Freiburg 2007
June 14, 2007
Tobias Kelm
Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research
Renewable Energy Law:Stimulating Investment in Germany
- 2 -
Content
• German Renewable Energy Law (EEG)
• Development of renewable electricity in Germany
• Investment and Employment in the RES/RES-E-sector
• Support schemes for RES-E in the EU
- 3 -
EEG Principles
• Feed-in tariff system
• Obligation on grid operators to connect RES-E plants, to purchase RES-E and to pay fixed prices (remuneration)
• Obligation on suppliers to purchase RES-E from grid operators at an average remuneration
• The amount of remuneration is cost oriented, differentiated by technology, commissioning year and capacity
• Remuneration is fixed for 20 years
Planning and cost reliability for investors
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Development and goals of renewable electricity in Germany
Source: Renewable Energy in Figures, BMU (2007)
Share of gross electricity consumption of RES-E
6,3%
12,0%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Sh
are
at least 12.5% by 2010at least 20% by 2020Goals:
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Development of RES-E Generation in Germany
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
Ele
ctri
city
gen
erat
ion
[T
Wh
] Geothermal
PV
Biomass
Wind Power
Hydro
Source: Renewable Energy in Figures, BMU (2007)
amended EEG
- 6 -
0
5
10
15
20
25
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Year
Ca
pa
cit
y [
GW
]
0
7
14
21
28
35
Ele
ctr
icit
y G
en
era
tio
n [
TW
h]
Capacity
Electricity Generation
Wind Power Development in Germany
Source: Renewable Energy in Figures, BMU (2007)
- 7 -
Photovoltaics Development in Germany
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Year
Cap
acit
y [M
Wp
]
0
400
800
1,200
1,600
2,000
2,400
Ele
ctri
city
Gen
erat
ion
[G
Wh
]
Capacity
Electricity Generation
amended EEG
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006*
Year
To
tal
rem
un
erat
ion
in
€ b
illi
on Photovoltaics
Biomass
Hydro power, landfill/sewage gas
Wind power
Development of annual remuneration
Source: Association of German network operators (2007)
amended EEG
*Figures for 2006 provisional
Remuneration = total costs (of which approximately 50% are differential costs)
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KWK-G€0.0031.6%
EEG€0.0073.6%
VAT€0.02714.0%
Ecotax€0.02010.4%
Concession fee€0.0189.3%
Power generation,
distribution & supply€0.11861.1%
Electricity Bill 2006Total: €0.194/kWh
Source: BMU (2007)
Approximately €2 per month for a typical 3-person household
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Turnover from investment and operation in 2006
Source: BMU (2007)
€11.3 billion from investment in construction of RES-plants€10.3 billion from operating RES-plants
Total: €21.6 billion
Wind pow er€5,640 million
26%
Solar energy€5,940 million
28%
Biomass€8,130 million
37%
Geothermal€580 million
3%Hydro
€1,270 million6%
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Employees in the renewable energy sector
9,500
25,000
56,700
64,000
9,200
35,000
91,900
73,800
1,800
4,100
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000
Geothermal
Hydro
Solar energy
Biomass
Wind power
Number of employees
Increase of 36 % from 2004 to 2006
2006: approx. 214,000
2004: approx. 157.000
Source: BMU (2007)
Employees in the RES-E-sector: 124,000 in 2006 (98,000 in 2004)
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Feed-in tariff and Quota
Feed-in tariff
Quota
Tax incentives / Investment grants
Other system
SE
FI
LA
LT
PL
CZ
HUAT
DE
DK
UKIE
ESPT
IT
MTCY
GR
FR
NL
BE
LU
EE
BE
SI
SK
Dominating support schemes for RES-E in the EU
A clear majority of EU countries use feed-in tariffs as a main instrument
Source: Feed-In Cooperation
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Summary
1. Development of RES-E in Germany has mainly been driven by the establishment of the EEG, implemented in 2000
2. Deployment requires time and money
3. Tools of German RES-E policy have been successful for accelerating the market for RES-E and thus for the generation of investment and employment
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Thank you for your attention!
Tobias KelmCentre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Reseach