loft教官任用訓練...―107― 〔第36回シンポジウム資料〕 loft教官任用訓練 樋...
TRANSCRIPT
― 107 ―
〔第36回シンポジウム資料〕
LOFT教官任用訓練
樋 口 俊 樹 *
編集部注* 全日本空輸株式会社運航訓練室英語サポートセンター副所長、B⊖767機長 本資料は2006年 ₂ 月18日に開催された法学研究所第36回シンポジウム資料の一部分である。田崎武㈶航空交通管制協会専務理事「航空管制の面からの考察」資料については誌面の都合で割愛させていただいた。
CRMCRM IATA SAFETY REPORT(200IATA SAFETY REPORT(20044))
2233,,03030,000 0,000
ANA GroupANA Group:: 300,000 300,000
4242,,91910,000 0,000
2,006,000,0002,006,000,000
1177,,779779
(( 15t15t JetJet ))
1188
0.70.788 /1,000,000/1,000,000
232355
20002000 1.1.1111
20200101 1.1.0505
20022002 00..9494
20032003 00..8787
20020044 0.70.788
IATA SAFETY REPORT (200IATA SAFETY REPORT (20044))
IATAIATA (1988)(1988)
80%80%
(Technical)(Technical)NonNon--TechnicalTechnical
― 108 ―
5050 1010 66 2222
CRMCRM Crew Resource ManagementCrew Resource Management
CRMCRMCRMCRM
CRMCRM
““ ””
““ ””
CRMCRM
‘‘ ‘‘ ‘‘‘‘ ‘‘ ’’ ‘‘
‘‘‘‘
ANAANA
Awareness Phase
Practice and Feedback
Continual Reinforcement
ANA CRM TrainingANA CRM Training
19+0019+00
3+453+45LOFTLOFT3+003+00
11
ANA TECANA TEC
19+0019+00ANA TECANA TEC0.50.5 1.51.5
ANA TECANA TEC 19+0019+00
14+0014+00
2
MTOW 5.75.7
12 4 1
630
5050 1010 66 2222CRMCRM
LOFT Line Oriented Flight Training
CRM
5050 1010 66 2222CRMCRM
― 109 ―
Block OutBlock Out Block InBlock In 1122 44
6060 1212 11 2828
(LOFT)(LOFT)
BriefingBriefingDeDe--briefingbriefing VideoVideo
SimulatorSimulator FreezeFreeze ResetReset ReRe--positionposition
ANAANA Recurrent LOFTRecurrent LOFT
(1) (1)
(2) (2) SIMSIM
(3) (3)
164164
ANAANA Recurrent LOFTRecurrent LOFT
7272
22 11
164164
Category ICategory I IIII 2211 (CAT I & II(CAT I & II ))
ANA LOFT ScenariosANA LOFT Scenarios
TYOTYO--CTSCTSTYOTYO--OSAOSATYOTYO--FUKFUKOSAOSA--NRTNRT
OSAOSA--OKAOKA
1010
B744B744
TYOTYO--AXTAXTTYOTYO--KMQKMQTYOTYO--OSAOSATYOTYO--KIXKIXTYOTYO--KMJKMJTYOTYO--MYJMYJTYOTYO--KOJKOJOSAOSA--KMJKMJ
1111 9915151111TYOTYO--AXTAXTTYOTYO--TOYTOYTYOTYO--KMQKMQTYOTYO--OSAOSATYOTYO--KIXKIXTYOTYO--HIJHIJTYOTYO--MYJMYJTYOTYO--FUKFUKOSAOSA--FUKFUKKIXKIX--FUKFUK
B767B767
TYOTYO--KIXKIXTYOTYO--TTJTTJOSAOSA--KMJKMJ
TYOTYO--KMQKMQTYOTYO--OSAOSATYOTYO--FUKFUK
A320A320B777B777B747B747
FWD CARGO DOOR OPENFWD CARGOOVERHEAT LE SLAT
ASYMMETRY
R ENG FAIL
LOFT Scenario <Sample>LOFT Scenario <Sample> Self ManagementSelf Management
Self Management
AW
Awareness WheelAwareness Wheel
― 110 ―
Team ManagementTeam Management Team Management
REVIEWREVIEW
……………………
……
Total ManagementTotal Management
Situational AwarenessSituational Awareness
Decision MakingDecision Making
Risk ManagementRisk Management
Total Management
RADARRADAR
Situational
Awareness
Decision
Making
Risk
Management
Recognize
Analyze
DevelopDecide
Action
Review
R A D A RR A D A R
Threat and Error ManagementThreat and Error Management
OCC/STCOCC/STC
ATCATC
Swiss Cheese ModelSwiss Cheese Model
ThreatThreat ErrorError
ThreatThreat
IncidentIncidentAccidentAccident
ThreatThreat
― 111 ―
Threat and ErrorThreat and Error ManagementManagementLOSALOSA Line Operations Safety AuditLine Operations Safety Audit
Data Data CRM ProgramCRM Program
LOSALOSA ObserverObserverCRM Skill CRM Skill
DataData Human Error Human Error
Threat Threat ErrorErrorError Error Process Process CommunicationCommunication LeadershipLeadership
CRMCRM SkillSkill Threat and Error Threat and Error MManagementanagement
ThreatThreat
ErrorErrorCrew Crew CrewCrew
CRM Error
ThreatThreat ICAOICAOEnvironmentEnvironment
Adverse WeatherAdverse WeatherTerrainTerrain
Airport ConditionsAirport ConditionsHeavy TrafficHeavy Traffic// TCASTCAS EventsEvents
Unfamiliar AirportsUnfamiliar Airports
ATCATCCommand Events/ErrorCommand Events/Error
Language DifficultyLanguage DifficultySimilar Similar Call SignCall Signss
AircraftAircraftAircraft MalfunctionAircraft MalfunctionAutomation EventsAutomation Events
ThreatThreat ICAOICAO
Crew SupportCrew SupportDispatch Events/ErrorsDispatch Events/ErrorsGround Events/ErrorsGround Events/Errors
Maintenance Events/ErrorsMaintenance Events/Errors
OperationalOperationalTime PressuresTime Pressures
Irregular OperationsIrregular OperationsFlight DiversionsFlight Diversions
Missed ApproachesMissed Approaches
ThreatThreat ICAOICAO
CabinCabinCabin EventsCabin Events
Flight Attendant ErrorsFlight Attendant ErrorsPassenger EventsPassenger Events
Intentional Intentional NNonon--compliance compliance EErrorrror
Procedural Procedural EErrorrror
Communication Communication EErrorrror
Proficiency Proficiency EErrorrror
Operational Operational DDecision ecision EErrorrror
ThreatThreat
Crew ErrorCrew Error
UndesiredUndesiredAircraft Aircraft StateState
IncidentIncident
IATAIATAThreat & Error Threat & Error Management Management ModelModel
AvoidanceAvoidance
Threat ManagementThreat Management
Error ManagementError Management
Undesired Undesired Aircraft Aircraft State ManagementState Management
Undesired Aircraft StateUndesired Aircraft State
Incorrect Aircraft ConfigurationIncorrect Aircraft ConfigurationLateral DeviationLateral DeviationSpeed too high/ Speed too lowSpeed too high/ Speed too lowAbrupt Aircraft ControlAbrupt Aircraft ControlUnstable ApproachUnstable ApproachLong Landing outside TDZLong Landing outside TDZHard LandingHard LandingProceeding toward wrong Proceeding toward wrong RunwayRunway TaxiwayTaxiway ApronApron
― 112 ―
Review Review Process Process
SOPSOP
Chain Chain
TThreat and hreat and EError rror MManagement anagement
CRMCRMThreat Threat
Threat ManagementThreat ManagementThreatThreat Threat Threat
Error Error
Error ManagementError Management
ICAO Human Factors Training ManualICAO Human Factors Training Manual
ANAANA
11 GeneralGeneral
1.1.LOFTLOFT (Line Oriented Flight Training)(Line Oriented Flight Training)
Recurrent LOFTRecurrent LOFT
SPOTSPOT (Special Purpose Operational Training)(Special Purpose Operational Training)
LOELOE (Line Operational Evaluation)(Line Operational Evaluation)
Recurrent LOFT Recurrent LOFT InstructorInstructor s Guidebooks Guidebook
2. 2. Recurrent LOFT Recurrent LOFT
CRMCRM
ErrorError Team Management Team Management
3. 3. Recurrent LOFTRecurrent LOFT
(( ))
44 Recurrent LOFT Recurrent LOFT
Simulator Simulator
5. 5. LOFTLOFT PolicyPolicy--11
1) 1)
2) Error2) Error
3) 3)
― 113 ―
5. 5. LOFTLOFT PolicyPolicy--22
4) 4) Technical Technical SSkillkill LineLine
(GS:7(GS:7 0000 SIM:4SIM:4 00)00)
5) 5)
6) LOFT6) LOFT
7) LOFT7) LOFTCRM LOFTCRM LOFTUp Grade LOFTUp Grade LOFTTransition LOFTTransition LOFTSpecial LOFTSpecial LOFT