1865-1895 By Logan Louzader

1834 1859

Federal government passed an act that designated the entire Great Plains as one enormous reservation.

Collective bargaining: negotiation between representatives of labor and management to reach written agreements

1795 1850

Bessemer process: injected air into molten iron to remove the carbon and other impurities, to make steel

1857

Fredrick Law Olmstead: helped draw a plan for Central Park to be built in NY.

Darwin published origin of species, stating the theory of biological evolution.

1866 1868

Railroads were shipping longhorns to Chicago and markets throughout the east

Oliver Kelley: started the Patrons of Husbandry, an organization for farmers that became known as Grange. Its original purpose was to provide a social outlet for an educational forum.

1867

Sitting Bull, leader of the Hunkpapa Sioux never signed the Treaty of Fort Laramie

1862

Homestead Act was passed offering 160 acres of land free to any citizen or intended citizen who was head of the household.

1864

Most of the Cheyenne, assuming they were under the protection of the U.S.Government, had peacefully returned to Colorado’s Sand Creek Reserve for winter.

1867

Grandfather clause: stated that if your grandfather or father was eligible to vote then you were.

Tammany Hall- New York City’s powerful democratic voting machine.

1870 18731870

Groups, including many others who were sympathized for farmers, sent lecturers from town to town to educate people about lower interest rates on loans and government control over railroads and banks.

Long drives took 3 months, typically one cowboy for every 250-300 cattle, a cook also drove the chuck wagon and set up camp. And a wrangler who cared for the extra horses. Cowboys during this drive road on saddles from dusk to dawn, slept on the ground and bathed in rivers.

Carnegie at age 18 becomes a private secretary to the lead superintendent of the Pennsylvania railroad.

1869

American entrepreneur George Westinghouse invented the railroad air brake

1870 1870

John.D.Rockefeller – his oil company controlled 2 or 3 percent of the countries crude oil.

Jacob Riis-finds work as a police reporter, taking him to New York’s slums .

1877 18801879

Homesteaders: were one of the 600,000 families that moved onto the land that the Homestead Act gave, consisted of Private speculators, railroad and government agents , cattlemen, miners, and woodcutters.

Thomas Edison invented the lightbulb.

1876

Crazy Horse, Gall, and Sitting Bull outflanked and crushed George Armstrong Custer’s troops, within an hour Custer and his troops were dead.

1875

A mixture of different people and different cultures blended together

1875

Candidates used graft: Illegal use of political influence to get into office

1876

People gave illegal payments to the voting machines, enriching them

The Telephone was invented

Act that was a response to to the failure of the 1867 tenement house act, requiring a window in each room.

Michigan Central Railroad went through Vanderbilt Michigan

1883 1885

Joseph Pulitzer: a Hungarian immigrant, bought the New York World

Political Machines offered services to voters and companies for political or financial support

20 percent of the immigrants of Ellis Island were detained for over a day and had to pass a physical examination

1881 18861880

Served as a scout and a spy during the Civil War, and later as a marshal in Abilene, Kansas

Assimilation, which was a plan under which Native Americans would give up their beliefs and way of life and became part of white culture.

1880

Gilded Age was published by Mark Twain and Charles Dudley about characters who find it hard to get rich. Participants worked

together in a trust which turned their stock over to a group of trustees, companies then got profit for trust

Community centers help people in slum neighborhoods

George Washington Carver graduated from Virginia Hampton Institute

Samuel Gompers becomes president of the American Federation of Labor

Haymarket Affair occurs which bombed a Chicago Market during a strike.

George Eastman introduced the Kodak Camera.

Poll tax was required to be paid before qualifying to vote.

18901887 1892

Strike at Carnegies Steel Company.

Custer’s old regiment, rounded up 350 starving and freezing Sioux and took them to the camp of Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota, The next day a shot was fired and the soldiers opened fire with deadly cannon, they slaughtered 300 mostly unarmed Native Americans

Dawes Act, aimed to Americanize the Native Americans, it gave some of the reservation land to individual Native Americans

1888 1889

Jane Adams founded Chicago’s Hull House

There was twice as many Irish Immigrants in New York than Dublin, Ireland.

Sherman Antitrust Act made it illegal to form a trust that interfered with free trade.

1890

Reformers began to press elimination of Patronage and adapt a merit system of hiring.

1893 1894 1895

Bimetallism: A monetary system In which the government would give citizens gold or silver in exchange for paper currency or checks, supporters hoped that this measure would stimulate the economy.

The American Railway Union won a strike for higher wages.

Pullmans strike emerged due to not being able to drink, not being able to loiter, and refusal to lower rents

William Randolph Hearst purchased the New York Morning Journal

Buisnessmen were named Robber Barons for having questionable practices and paying workers poorly.

W.E.B. Dubois was the first African American to receive a Doctorates degree from Harvard

18951892

3 Of Ida B, Wells’ friends were executed without trial

Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court ruled that the separation of races at public accomodations was legal and did not violate the 14th amendmen.

Women made on average 267$ in tenement shops.

1896 1899 1901 1903

Companies Achieved Monopoly, a complete control over its industry production, wages and price.

Mexicans became a major role in Debt Peonage.

Bicycle manufactures from Dayton, Ohio designed a bi plane and at Kitty Hawk flew 120 feet for 12 seconds.

1902 1915

50,000 Chinese entered the Us through Angel Island.

URL’s

http://www.redbubble.com/people/rondayviews/works/5958528-molten-iron-melted-iron-poured-from-a-pot

http://www.biography.com/people/sitting-bull-9485326

http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/biography/kelley_o/kelley_o.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie

http://www.sparkmuseum.com/TELEPHONE.HTM

http://vector.tutsplus.com/tutorials/illustration/how-to-draw-a-realistic-vector-light-bulb-from-scratch/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Pulitzer

http://www.lib.niu.edu/1994/ihy941208.html