MLT 1222

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MicrobiologyInstrumentation By: Norazli Ghadin

Lesson Objectives

1. Introduce to basic microbiology instrument

2. Know how to use instrument

3.Naming parts of microscope

4.Know the function of microscope parts

5.Know how to observe microbiology slides using microscope

The instrumentIn microbiology the instruments are

designed to

Maintain sterility To provide easy manipulation of bacterial

culture To maintain pure culture To ensure bacterial growth are controlable

Biosafety cabinet

• Enclosed, ventilated workspace for safely working with materials contaminated with (or potentially contaminated with) pathogens

• There are 3 level of biosafety cabinet

1. Biosafety level 12 .Biosafety level 23 .Biosafety level 3

Biosafety cabinet

Works PrincipleProvide protection to operator and

sample(class II & III)Air came out of cabinet are filtered,Remove microbe

Biosafety cabinet

Biosafety level I Protect operator Air entering did not

HEPA filtered Air coming Out are

filtered.

Samples e.g Special equipment Culture aeration

Biosafety cabinet

Biosafety level IIProtect operator and samplesIncoming air and waste air is HEPA

filteredSamples • All types of microorganisms

exclude virus, volatile chemicals,

gases

Biosafety cabinet

Biosafety level IIIProtect operator and

samplesThe enclosure is gas-tight.All materials enter and leave through a dunk

tank or double-door autoclave. Gloves attached to the front prevent direct

contact with hazardous materials. the lab equipment installed inside custom-built

as well.

Biosafety cabinet

Biosafety cabinet

SamplesHighly contagiousSuch as Ebola, air borne virus, H1N1

Microbiology Incinerator

Use for sterilizing wire loopElectrical change to heatHigh temp destroys living

organisms

Bunsen burner

Alternative for

microbiological incinerator

Wire Loop/Stab

For inoculating microbesSterilize with microbe

incinerator

PETRI DISH

Use to culture microbe

Fill with media such as nutrient agar

Bijou bottle

Use to culture microbe on

Slant agar/liquid broth

MICROSCOPE SLIDE

Use to put on sample

Prepare microbe for staining and microscope observation

Conical FLASK

For culturing microbes

Cotton gauze,Membrane filtered

cap.

Staining Rack

To put glass slide for

staining.

To prepare media, solution,

or broth in large volume.High resistant to

temperature and preasure

Culture Tube

For culturing microbesSmall volume solution.Can also use 96 wells plate

A microscope (from the Greek: μικρός, mikrós, "small" and σκοπεῖν, skopeîn, "to look" or "see") is an instrument to see objects too tiny for the naked eye.

The science of investigating small objects using such an instrument is called microscopy. Microscopic means invisible to the eye unless aided by a microscope.

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Microscope

Eyepiece: Magnifies material

being viewed by 10X The part of the

microscope you look into

Sometimes contains a pointer that can be seen as you look into the eyepiece.

May also be called the ocular.

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Component

Nose piece: Part of microscope

to which the objectives are attached

Rotates to allow for the changing of objectives to increase or decrease magnification.

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Arm: Part of microscope

to which the nosepiece is attached

A secure part of the microscope to hold on to when the microscope is being carried.

Sometimes includes a cord hanger for power cord storage

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Objectives: Magnify material

being examined Scanning

• magnifies 4X

10X• magnifies 10X

High dry• magnifies 40X

Oil immersion • magnifies 100X

Total magnification = magnifying power of eyepiece times the magnifying power of the objective in use.

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Stage: Platform on which

microscope slide restsMechanical Stage:

Used for adjusting the position of the slide for viewing

Slide holder: Secures slide to the

mechanical stage

Mechanical Stage control knobs:

Move the slideLAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Coarse adjustment knob: Coarse focusing

Fine adjustment knob:

Precise focusing

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Substage condenser concentrates light

& directs it through opening in microscope stage

Iris diaphragm: regulates the amount of

light passing through the substage condenser

increases resolving power of the microscope

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Iris diaphragm lever:

adjusts the iris diaphragm to increase or decrease microscope resolution

Condenser control knob:

raises & lowers condenser

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Illuminator Light source

Illuminator control: Controls the

intensity of light Serves as the

on/off switch for some microscopes

Base: provides support for

microscope

LAB INSTRUMENTATION MLT 1102

Using Microscope

Put stained slide on stage, secure with clipRotate nosepiece so 4X objective face the slide,Use coarse focusing to focus the image,Change to 10X objective, use fine focusing to

get sharp image. Change to 40 X use fine focus knobRotate objective to 100X halfway,Drop an immersion oil to the slideContinue rotating the nosepiece to 100X

objectives.Slowly use fine focusing to get the sharp image.