loma prieta, ca earthquake october 17, 1989 dr. walter hays, global alliance for disaster reduction
TRANSCRIPT
LOMA PRIETA, CA EARTHQUAKE
OCTOBER 17, 1989
Dr. Walter Hays,
Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction
LOMA PRIETA, CALIFORNIA EARTHQUAKE
LOMA PRIETA, CALIFORNIA EARTHQUAKE
5:04 PM ON OCTOBER 17, 1989M 7.1
62 DEATHS
$1 BILLION INSURED LOSS
FRAGILE INFRASTRUCTURE EXPOSED
5:04 PM ON OCTOBER 17, 1989M 7.1
62 DEATHS
$1 BILLION INSURED LOSS
FRAGILE INFRASTRUCTURE EXPOSED
LOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKELOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKE
• 62 DEATHS
• 3,757 INJURIES
• 8,000 HOMELESS
• $5.6 BILLION PROPERTY DAMAGE
• LIFELINE FLAWS
LOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKELOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKE• 1,300 BUILDINGS
DESTROYED
• 20,000 BUILDINGS DAMAGED
• 3,500 BUSINESSES DAMAGED
• $1.8 BILLION LOSS TO TRANS- PORTATION
CA: HIGH SEISMICITYCA: HIGH SEISMICITY
CALIFORNIA’S FAULTS (SOURCE: CDMG)
CALIFORNIA’S FAULTS (SOURCE: CDMG)
USGS’S 1988 FORCAST OF EARTHQUAKE PROBABITIESUSGS’S 1988 FORCAST OF
EARTHQUAKE PROBABITIES
Schematic Diagram of the Schematic Diagram of the Earthquake MechanismEarthquake Mechanism
Schematic Diagram of the Schematic Diagram of the Earthquake MechanismEarthquake Mechanism
NORTHNORTHNORTHNORTHWESTWESTWESTWEST
Schematic Diagram of the Earthquake Schematic Diagram of the Earthquake Mechanism, But Without Surface Mechanism, But Without Surface
RuptureRupture
Schematic Diagram of the Earthquake Schematic Diagram of the Earthquake Mechanism, But Without Surface Mechanism, But Without Surface
RuptureRupture
NORTHNORTHNORTHNORTHWESTWESTWESTWEST
GROUND FAILURE, NOT SURFACE FAULT RUPTURE
POWER OUTAGES BEGAN AT 5:04 PM IN THE REGION
POWER OUTAGES BEGAN AT 5:04 PM IN THE REGION
FIRE IN MARINA DISTRICT 100 KM FROM EPICENTER
FIRE IN MARINA DISTRICT 100 KM FROM EPICENTER
LIQUEFACTION: MARINA DISTRICT
LIQUEFACTION: MARINA DISTRICT
VULNERABLE SOFT-STORY BUILDINGS: MARINA DISTRICT
VULNERABLE SOFT-STORY BUILDINGS: MARINA DISTRICT
LATERAL SPREADING: SAN FRANCISCO WHARF AREA
LATERAL SPREADING: SAN FRANCISCO WHARF AREA
VULNERABLE UNREINFORCED MASONRY BUILDINGS
VULNERABLE UNREINFORCED MASONRY BUILDINGS
VULNERABLE UNREINFORCED MASONRY BUILDINGS
VULNERABLE UNREINFORCED MASONRY BUILDINGS
COLLAPSE OF ELEVATED CYPRESS VIADUCT
COLLAPSE OF ELEVATED CYPRESS VIADUCT
FORTY-ONE VICTIMS AT THE CYPRESS VIADUCT
FORTY-ONE VICTIMS AT THE CYPRESS VIADUCT
FAILURE OF A SPAN ON THE OAKLAND BAY BRIDGE
FAILURE OF A SPAN ON THE OAKLAND BAY BRIDGE
WIDESPREAD POWER OUTAGES
WIDESPREAD POWER OUTAGES
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY INQUIRY
GOAL: TO FIND THE COMMON AGENDAGOAL: TO FIND THE COMMON AGENDA(CA) OF TECHNICAL (CA) OF TECHNICAL
AND POLITICAL SOLUTIONSAND POLITICAL SOLUTIONS
GOAL: TO FIND THE COMMON AGENDAGOAL: TO FIND THE COMMON AGENDA(CA) OF TECHNICAL (CA) OF TECHNICAL
AND POLITICAL SOLUTIONSAND POLITICAL SOLUTIONS
TECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSTECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS
POLITICAL POLITICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSPOLITICAL POLITICAL
SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS
CACA
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• QUESTION 1:
• WHY DID THE CYPRESS VIADUCT ON INTERSTATE 880 AND THE OAKLAND BAY BRIDGE SPAN FAIL?
• QUESTION 1:
• WHY DID THE CYPRESS VIADUCT ON INTERSTATE 880 AND THE OAKLAND BAY BRIDGE SPAN FAIL?
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• QUESTION 2:
• COULD THESE FAILURES HAVE BEEN FORESEEN?
• QUESTION 2:
• COULD THESE FAILURES HAVE BEEN FORESEEN?
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• QUESTION 3:
• CAN WE IMPROVE OUR ABILITY TO PREDICT ACCURATELY FUTURE BRIDGE FAILURES?
• QUESTION 3:
• CAN WE IMPROVE OUR ABILITY TO PREDICT ACCURATELY FUTURE BRIDGE FAILURES?
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• QUESTION 4:
• IS THE SCHEDULE FOR AND MANNER OF RETROFITTING CA’S BRIDGE STRUCTURES APPROPRIATE IN TERMS OF THE STATE-OF-ART?
• QUESTION 4:
• IS THE SCHEDULE FOR AND MANNER OF RETROFITTING CA’S BRIDGE STRUCTURES APPROPRIATE IN TERMS OF THE STATE-OF-ART?
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• QUESTION 5:
• SHOULD CA MODIFY EXISTING CONSTRUCTION AND RETROFIT PROGRAMS FOR BRIDGE STRUCTURES?
• QUESTION 5:
• SHOULD CA MODIFY EXISTING CONSTRUCTION AND RETROFIT PROGRAMS FOR BRIDGE STRUCTURES?
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMEJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• THE BOARD’S REPORT: “COMPETING AGAINST TIME”
• QUESTION 6:
• ARE CA’S FREEWAY SYSTEMS SAFE FROM FUTURE EARTHQUAKES?
• QUESTION 6:
• ARE CA’S FREEWAY SYSTEMS SAFE FROM FUTURE EARTHQUAKES?
GOVERNOR DEUKMAJIAN’S BOARD GOVERNOR DEUKMAJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY OF INQUIRY
GOVERNOR DEUKMAJIAN’S BOARD GOVERNOR DEUKMAJIAN’S BOARD OF INQUIRY OF INQUIRY
FACT: THE COMMON AGENDA WAS BASED FACT: THE COMMON AGENDA WAS BASED ON THE STRICKEN COMMUNITY’S ON THE STRICKEN COMMUNITY’S STAPLE FACTORSSTAPLE FACTORS
FACT: THE COMMON AGENDA WAS BASED FACT: THE COMMON AGENDA WAS BASED ON THE STRICKEN COMMUNITY’S ON THE STRICKEN COMMUNITY’S STAPLE FACTORSSTAPLE FACTORS
TECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSTECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS
POLITICAL POLITICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSPOLITICAL POLITICAL
SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS
STAPLE STAPLE FACTORSFACTORSSTAPLE STAPLE
FACTORSFACTORS
PPPP
TTTTSSSS
OOOO
CACA
THE STAPLE FACTORS ALWAYS VARY WITH
THE STAPLE FACTORS ALWAYS VARY WITH
• TIME
• PLACE• CIRCUMSTANCES
• TIME
• PLACE• CIRCUMSTANCES
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS• 1. AFFIRM THE
POLICY THAT SEISMIC SAFETY IS A PRIMARY CONCERN FOR ALL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• 1. AFFIRM THE POLICY THAT SEISMIC SAFETY IS A PRIMARY CONCERN FOR ALL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• 2. ESTABLISH THE POLICY THAT SEISMIC SAFETY IS A PRIORITY FOR ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS
• 2. ESTABLISH THE POLICY THAT SEISMIC SAFETY IS A PRIORITY FOR ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS• 3. ESTABLISH A
MECHANISM TO ADVISE THE GOVERNOR AND LEGISLATURE ON THE ACTIONS OF CA’S AGENCIES TO ACHIEVE SEISMIC SAFETY
• 3. ESTABLISH A MECHANISM TO ADVISE THE GOVERNOR AND LEGISLATURE ON THE ACTIONS OF CA’S AGENCIES TO ACHIEVE SEISMIC SAFETY
• 4. PREPARE A PLAN TO MEET THE GOVERNOR’S GOALS FOR THE SEISMIC SAFETY OF CA’S TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• 4. PREPARE A PLAN TO MEET THE GOVERNOR’S GOALS FOR THE SEISMIC SAFETY OF CA’S TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS• 5. FORM A
PERMANENT EARTHQUAKE ADVISORY BOARD TO ADVISE CALTRANS ON POLICY, STANDARDS, AND PRACTICE
• 5. FORM A PERMANENT EARTHQUAKE ADVISORY BOARD TO ADVISE CALTRANS ON POLICY, STANDARDS, AND PRACTICE
• 6. ENSURE THAT CALTRAN’S SEISMIC DESIGN POLICIES AND CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES MEET THE POLICIES AND GOALS SET BY THE GOVERNOR
• 6. ENSURE THAT CALTRAN’S SEISMIC DESIGN POLICIES AND CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES MEET THE POLICIES AND GOALS SET BY THE GOVERNOR
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
BOARD’S RECOMMENDATIONS: INTEGRATED POLITICAL AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
• 7. TAKE SPECIFIC ACTIONS TO REDUCE VULNERABILITIES OF NEW AND EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• 7. TAKE SPECIFIC ACTIONS TO REDUCE VULNERABILITIES OF NEW AND EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• 8. INVOLVE ALL TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES AND DISTRICTS--RAIL, HIGHWAY, AIRPORTS, PORTS, AND HARBORS---IN THE SOLUTION
• 8. INVOLVE ALL TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES AND DISTRICTS--RAIL, HIGHWAY, AIRPORTS, PORTS, AND HARBORS---IN THE SOLUTION
State of California (1990), Competing Against Time, Report of Governor Deukmejian’s Board
of Inquiry on the Loma Prieta Earthquake
Office of Planning and Research, New Highlands, California, 264 p.