NUNO PIMENTEL 1

RUI PENA DOS REIS 2 1 LISBON UNIVERSITY

2 COIMBRA UNIVERSITY

Looking for Hydrocarbons in Portugal

- the knowledge and vision of Universities

I. PORTUGAL, AN ATLANTIC MARGIN WITH SEDIMENTARY BASINS AND HYDROCARBONS ?

II. PETROLEUM SYSTEMS IN PORTUGUESE BASINS

III. THE KNOWLEDGE AND VISION OF UNIVERSITIES

I. PORTUGAL, AN ATLANTIC MARGIN WITH SEDIMENTARY BASINS AND HYDROCARBONS ?

I. PORTUGAL, UMA MARGEM ATLÂNTICA COM BACIAS SEDIMENTARES E PETRÓLEO ?

http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/97020/memoir43.htm

Late Triassic

Peter A. Ziegler 1999 Evolution of the Arctic-North Atlantic and the Western Tethys AAPG Memoir 43, p. 164-196.

Oxfordian Aptian

Late Cretaceous

Late Miocene

Meso-Cenozoic Onshore Sedimentary Basins West Portugal - Lusitanian Basin (very well known; main reference) SouthWest Portugal - Alentejo and Algarve Basin

OFFSHORE BASINS

Porto Peniche Alentejo Algarve

Offshore Basins correspond mainly to the distal extension of the Onshore Basins

LB – Lusitanian Basin 1 – Galiza Basin; 2 – Porto Basin; 3 –Peniche Basin; 4 - Alentejo Basin; 5 – Algarve Basin.

ZOM –Ossa-Morena Zone;

ZCI – Central-Iberian Zone;

ZGT – Galicia-Transmontana Zone .

FLC - Lousã-Caldas Fault;

FT – Tejo Fault.

Porto basin: ca. 4.000 km2

Galicia basin*: > 6.000 km2

Lusitianian basin: 26.000 km2

Peniche basin: > 22.000 km2

Alentejo basin: > 13.000 km2

Sagres basin: > 20.000 km2

Algarve basin: ca. 12.000 km2

Cadiz basin*: > 10.000 km2

* within Portuguese waters

(mainly onshore)

(mainly off-shore)

Onshore and offshore western iberian basins

Alves et al., 2003

Carvalho, 2013

Kullberg, 2000

II. PETROLEUM SYSTEMS OF PORTUGUESE BASINS

II. SISTEMAS PETROLÍFEROS NAS BACIAS PORTUGUESAS

The Lusitanian Basin, mostly onshore, is where the petroleum systems are best known, studied, proven and drilled, with no commercial discoveries. Other basins show some potential, a few wells have been drilled, but exploration needs to be improved.

Pena dos Reis et al., 2011

A

B Peniche Basin

Lusitanian Basin

TGS-NOPEC seismic line courtesy from PETROBRAS

Rasmussen et al. 1998

Sandstones, etc.

Carbonates, etc.

SOURCE-ROCK: Paleozoic rocks , below the sedimentary infill.

A

B

RESERVATÓRIO: Continental sandstones, at the bottom of the basin (Upper Triassic).

SEAL: Overlying marls and evaporiites (Hettangian)

Peniche Basin

Lusitanian Basin

TGS-NOPEC seismic line courtesy from PETROBRAS

Rasmussen et al. 1998

RESERVOIR: Late Triassic Alluvial Sandstones

SOURCE ROCK: Silurian and Carboniferous Shales

SEAL: Hettangian Marls and Evaporites

A

B

SOURCE-ROCK: Black Marls at the bottom of the basin (Lower Jurasic)

RESERVOIR: Fluvial sandstones at the top of the basin (Loer Cretaceous)

SEAL: OVERLYING CLAYS (Late Cretaceous)

TRAPS: Salt diapir related

Peniche Basin

Lusitanian Basin

TGS-NOPEC seismic line courtesy from PETROBRAS

Rasmussen et al. 1998

Oil Seep

SOURCE ROCK: Pliensbachian Marls

RESERVOIR: Cretaceous Alluvial Sandstones

A

B

SOURCE ROCK: Mid-sequence Marly limestones (Late Jurasic) RESERVOIR: Fractured limestones and fluvio-deltaic sandstones

SEAL: Overlying marls (Lower Cretaceous)

TRAPS: Alpin Compressive anticlines

Peniche Basin

Lusitanian Basin

TGS-NOPEC seismic line courtesy from PETROBRAS

Rasmussen et al. 1998

SOURCE ROCK: Middle Oxfordian Algal limestones

RESERVOIR:

Fractured Marine Limestones and Deltaic Sediments

PORTO BASIN Offshore Northern Portugal

(MSc Thesis, J.Casacão 2015

Lisbon University)

PENICHE BASIN West of the Lusitanian Basin

Deep offshore

T. Alves et al, 2000, etc.

PhdThesis, Manchester Univ.

SOUTHERN

PORTUGAL

ALENTEJO

and ALGARVE

BASINS

ALENTEJO BASIN Offshore

SW Portugal

R.Pereira, 2014

PhD Thesis, Cardiff Univ.

ALGARVE BASIN Offshore exploration BUT ALSO ONSHORE

H. Matias, 2010

PhD Thesis, Lisbon University

Pena dos Reis &

Pimentel, 2014

SAGRES Project

Coimbra & Lisbon

Universities,

for PETROBRAS

LUSITANIAN BASIN Petroleum Systems Chart

(Pena dos Reis & Pimentel, 2012)

Silurian Carboniferous Late

Triassic

Early

Jurassic

Middle

Jurassic

Late

Jurassic

Early

Cretaceous

Late

Cretaceous Tert. STRATIGRAPHY

Conraria C.

Viegas

Dagorda Coimbra V.Fonte

s Candeeiro

s

Cab/Mtj Abadia Lour. T.Vedra

s

F. Foz Cacém Taveiro

SOURCE ROCK

MATURATION

MIGRATION

Si l iciclastic RESERVOIR

Carb onate

SEAL

Identified

onshore

Probable

offshore

Lithostrat. UNITS

PORTO BASIN Petroleum System Chart (Casacão, 2015)

ALGARVE BASIN Petroleum System Chart

(Pimentel & Reis, 2014)

Silurian Carboniferous Late

Triassi

c

Early

Jurassi

c

Middle

Jurassi

c

Late

Jurassi

c

Early

Cretaceou

s

Late

Cretaceou

s

Tert. STRATIGRAPHY

Silves Dagorda Picavesa Belixe Mareta Tonel Sagres Luz P.Mós LITHOSTR.

UNITS

SOURCE

ROCK

MATURATION

MIGRATION

Si l RESERVOIR

Carb RESERVOIR

SEAL

A.Nova Lagos P.Branco

Identified

onshore

Probable

offshore

28

UNCONVENTIONAL RESOURCES

“The Shale-Gas Issue”

Pilot-Project

Shale-Gas

Potential in SW

Portugal

(Partex/Repsol) Pena dos Reis, Pimentel

& Fonseca, 2014

Pena dos Reis & Pimentel, 2013

1.ACCUMULATED KNOWLEDGE

• For decades, many academic geologists and

geophysicists developped scientific research on the

sedimentary basins and its stratigraphic infill.

• Research included aspects like Sedimentary Geology,

Stratigraphy, Structural Geology, Tectonics, etc., most of it

with no direct focus om Petroleum Systems.

• Most of this knowledge has been used for Oil & Gas

Exploration since the 50’s and particularly the 70’s - 80’s.

• Theres is therefore an important volume of academic

knowledge and publications (Thesis, Papers, Reports),

which is crucial to approach the Portuguese petroleum

Basins.

2. MAIN R&D FOCUS OF PORTUGUESE UNIVERSITIES

Universidade do Porto

Studies on Organic Matter and Source-rocks.

Universidade de Coimbra

Basin Analysis and Petroleum Systems. Biostratigraphy.

Non-conventional.

Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL)

Basin Analysis and Petroleum Systems modelling. Biostratigraphy.

Carbonate Reservoir characterization.

Geophysycal studies of basins and reservoirs.

Universidade de Lisboa (IST)

Reservoir modelling, focused on production development.

Universidade Nova de Lisboa

Stratigraphy and Structural Geology.

Universidade do Algarve

Studies on Organic Matter and Maturation modelling.

(this presentation)

3. ADVANCED ACADEMIC TRAINING

by Portuguese Universities

Universidade de Coimbra

MSc in Geosciences, Petroleum Geology: 2011-

IBA – AAPG Imperial Barrel Award: 2012-

Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL)

Post-Grad. in Petroleum Geosciences (1 year): 2012-

IBA – AAPG Imperial Barrel Award: 2011-

AAPG Student-Chapter’s Short-courses and Talks

Instituto Superior Técnico (UL)

MSc in Petroleum Engineering: 2013-

Portuguese Universities

PhD in Geology and Geophysics, including Petroleum Geosciences

4. RESEARCH PROJECTS WITH INDUSTRY - examples from the U.Coimbra and U.Lisbon Cooperation

Atlantis (Petrobras) – 3 years, 12 researchers

Sagres (Petrobras) – 2 years, 4 researchers

Basement (PortoEnergy) – 3 months, 3 researchers

Shale-Gas (Partex/Repsol) – 6 months, 5 researchers

Algarve (Portfuel) – 3 months, 3 researchers

5. FIELD-TRIPS

Petrobras; GALP; Partex; Repsol; Statoil; Talisman

International Conferences (CM 2010, CM 2012, AAPG-ER 2015)

6. ORGANIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES

with support and participation of Industry

CONJUGATE MARGINS 2010, Fundação Gulbenkian (Lisboa) > 200 attendees

GEOCIÊNCIAS NA CPLP 2012, Universidade de Coimbra, > 200 attendees (Petrobras and Sonangol support)

AAPG Europe Region Annual Conference 2015, Fundação Gulbenkian (Lisboa) > 300 attendees

7. INSTITUTIONAL NETWORKING

MEG – Margins Exploration Group – Research network on atlantic conjugate margins

AAPG – House of Delegates; Annual Conferences, IBA

APGEP – Launching of the “Portuguese Association of Petroleum Geoscientists and Engineers” in August 2015

CONCLUSIONS THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES

IN HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION

a) Qualifying vintage and recent data, improving

technical knowledge, attracting industry attention

for Portuguese basins.

b) Training advanced students to become industry’s

young professionals.

c) Collaborating with industry in the development of

new interpretations and exploratory models.

d) Being part of the Portuguese exploration efforts in

Portuguese basins.

Thank you !

Obrigado !

Triassic red-beds over Paleozoic basement. SW Portugal.