LOOMIA TILEA Decentralized Platform for Identity and Personal Data

Sol Lederer Ph.D.Madison Maxey

Ezgi UcarJanett LirianoMarco Paúl

January 24, 2018

Abstract

The LOOMIA TILE is a hardware device that transforms clothes into data-collecting and identity tools. Itworks in conjunction with the LOOMIA Electronic Layer (LEL), a soft flexible circuit embedded into textileswith the ability to sense changes in its environment, such as heat and touch. Users can transfer their datato a desktop application that allows them to manage and sell their data to market researchers. The app iscompletely serverless and leverages the blockchain for security and data integrity. In a world where personaldata has become a precious commodity sold behind closed doors by large corporations, the LOOMIA TILEgives individuals the right to own their personal data, along with the freedom to choose how to share or sellit. It gives users a platform where they can in-turn harness the data available on the TILE platform to getinsight and metrics about their activities and anonymized habits of others. In addition, the LOOMIA TILE’sunique ability to associate an individual’s physical identity, contained in their biometrics and habits, to theirdigital identity, contained in their online profiles and activities, presents an interesting starting point for awide range of third party integrations. It makes it possible to build applications on LOOMIA technologyto verify identity and facilitate secure payments passively and seamlessly, with no manual interaction orinterface.

I. INTRODUCTION

Personal data is the new oil of the Internetand the new currency of the digital world.

Meglena Kuneva,European Consumer Commissioner

Right now, your identity is a string ofnumbers, dates, passwords, and images.Anyone with these digital assets can pre-

tend to be you. LOOMIA suggests a proto-col for multi-factor identity verification thatbridges the physical world and the digitalworld to prove that the physical you is thedigital you. We do this by using personal datacollected from your garments, synced to a pro-file maintained in a peer-to-peer network but-tressed by a blockchain. In short, we ensurethat you are you by collecting personal data

from what you wear.Companies that collect personal data about

their users typically claim ownership of thatdata for themselves and benefit reselling it tolarge corporations. Personal data is boughtand sold at a premium behind closed doors inan opaque industry whose value might be any-where from $156 billion[12] to $300 billion[10].LOOMIA does not believe in this future. TheLOOMIA protocol ensures that your personaldata continues to belong to you. Instead ofcompanies profiting off of your identity, youcan own and sell your data. Conversely, userscan acquire data from others via the use the

This whitepaper is intended only as a summary of cer-tain selected information relevant to LOOMIA Technolo-gies, Inc. D/b/a LOOMIA (“LOOMIA”) and the proposedTILE token, business model, design and implementation.It is subject to material changes, updates and modificationat any time for any reason and without notice.

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TILE token. With the TILE token users canlearn how they compare to a particular audi-ence in various activities and habits.

In addition, students, researchers, brands,and other organizations who are interested inlearning more about how you use various prod-ucts and systems can harness the data on theplatform creating a closed feedback loop withno middleman and allowing you to benefitfrom being you.

In the process, LOOMIA’s system solves akey problem for brands as well: smart ap-parel alone is projected to be a $130 billionglobal market by 2025[11], and yet there is nogood way to track the performance, use, andlongevity of apparel and other soft goods oncethey leave the store. Customer research cancost a brand or research group upwards of$100,000 per product to conduct surveys andfocus groups, predict product outcomes, trackinventory, and evaluate marketing campaignreception. Even after doing all those steps, theinformation they get is still very incomplete,collected with very limited context. LOOMIAprovides an ethical way for brands and marketresearchers to obtain much more detailed datasets than ever before from a much larger num-ber of users, without the effort and expense ofmounting campaigns to harvest it themselves,and without users needing to take additionalsteps to provide it.

LOOMIA’s solution is a system with threelevels: the LOOMIA Electronic Layer, the LOO-MIA TILE, and the Tile Platform, which sup-ports the LOOMIA Data Exchange. See figure1.

• The LOOMIA Electronic Layer (LEL)is soft, flexible circuitry integrated intogarments that perform heating, lighting,sensing functions and gathers data aboutthe user. The LEL is LOOMIA’s currentproduct offering and our current patentpending innovation.

• The LOOMIA TILE is a hardware devicethat acts as a user’s “keychain” formultiple items containing LELs. It storesthe data gathered by the LEL until it is

synced into the Tile Platform.

• The Tile Platform is a peer-to-peer (P2P)app which stores the data collected onthe LOOMIA TILE, integrates it througha blockchain protocol to verify users’identities and date integrity, and givesusers the ability to sell their personal datato brands and/or third parties.

• The LOOMIA Data Exchange is an on-line marketplace through which data pro-ducers and consumers exchange data. In-dividuals, students and researchers can beboth producers and consumers. In addi-tion LOOMIA expects brands and otherorganizations using the exchange as dataconsumers.

II. The LOOMIA Electronic Layer

The LOOMIA Electronic Layer (LEL) is a soft,flexible electronic layer that moves like a fabric,but works like a circuit board. LOOMIA spe-cializes in producing soft, flexible circuits thatintegrate into textile products. These circuitscan deliver heat and light and sense changesin adjacent materials.

Their size, shape, and function can allbe customized for many different use cases.Because the circuits are made from softcomponents which look and feel no differentfrom fabric, they can survive frequent machinewashing and exposure to the elements, whichwould destroy other mechanisms like flexible

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Figure 1: Hardware and software in the LOOMIA stack

PCBs. LEL technology is explained further inPatent Filing USPA 20170086513.

All LELs come pre-assembled witha LOOMIA Interconnect, a hard-to-softconnection which can mount to vari-ous connectors, including USB and JST.

For use with theLOOMIA TILE,all LELs willcome mountedwith a mag-netic pogo pinconnector. TheLOOMIA Inter-connect houses

all components that require logic (for example,a component with the functionality of anAttiny85) and the LOOMIA Tag. The LOOMIA

Tag is a pattern on the LOOMIA Interconnectthat identifies each unique piece of clothingwith information about the brand, SKU,material, size, and more. It can be read by theLOOMIA TILE when the user plugs it in, butit could also be read by other technology whenthe user enters or leaves a store, attends anevent, or boards transportation, which wouldenable it to work in third party applications asa ticket or an anti-theft device. The LOOMIATag could also be used during soft goodsproduction to authenticate branding andensure proper manufacturing processes all theway through the supply chain, while tracingthe full lifecycle of the product from start tofinish.

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III. The LOOMIA TILE

The LOOMIA TILE serves two different func-tions. In its first function, it acts like a “key-chain” with all your soft goods registeredas “keys,” gathering all of the data collectedthrough them in a single place. Each LOO-MIA Electronic Layer will pass a specific resis-tance from its garment to the TILE, allowingit to identify that garment uniquely througha general-purpose input/output (GPIO) pin.Through its connection to the LEL, the TILEcan collect data about the specifications of thegarment (size, color, etc.), how many timesthe garment was worn, and for how long,when, and where. In its second function, theLOOMIA TILE acts like a “MetroCard” whichyou can reload with TILE tokens in order tomake purchases at LOOMIA Rewards loca-tions, through an NFC chip which approvestransactions and transfers TILE tokens seam-lessly.

The TILE has the capacity to support “multi-signature” identity verification schemes withvariable security thresholds. Low security: thepresence of your registered garments. Mediumsecurity: the presence of your gait (accelerome-ter) and perhaps some measurements of yourusual environmental conditions. High security:biometric recognition.

Like the LOOMIA Electronic Layer, LOO-MIA TILEs have a unique identifier on itsintegrated chip. The LOOMIA TILE usesa blockchain-friendly chip for identification,meaning it will have a device ID, a pub-lic key, and a private key. This could bea Chronicled[3] chip, or another chip witheasy blockchain integration. (Figure 2 showsa code sample for a device ID and privatekey set up through the Chronicled chip.)

MultipleLOOMIAenableddevicescan worktogetherto give ahigh degree

of confi-dence inconfirmingidentity.

However,the unique identifier on a LOOMIA TILE’schip is not associated with a user until theyunlock the TILE with their credentials viathe TILE platform (which can include a pincode or fingerprint recognition). When auser uploads data from a TILE, the data isassociated with the account belonging to thecredentials presented, not the owner of theTILE. Thus, the TILE is not a personalizeditem that can be stolen along with the dataand tokens associated with it, but rather aninterface that can be personalized to any user.Even if two users, Alice and Bob, share botha garment and a TILE, Alice can only accessher data, and Bob can only access his, asillustrated in figure 3.

Once a TILE recognizes a profile for whichit has collected data before, it can make de-cisions for the user based on their previouspreferences and needs. In time, these decisionscould become increasingly complex, such assetting the temperature of a garment based onthe user’s ideal body temperature or makingpayments automatically to the user’s favoritecoffee shop. All code and smart contracts in-volving the LOOMIA TILE will be open source,making it easy for third parties to use LOOMIAtechnology to support their own applications.In time, interface elements in garments or othersoft goods could automate or expedite manyinteractions which currently require a smart-phone, such as checking-in on services likeYelp, Facebook, and Foursquare. (For more onthird party integrations, see section VII.)

All data is visualized in the Tile Platform’sinterface, where the user can view it beforedeciding which data to decrypt and sell. Datawill only become available to interested partiesonce the user decides to sell it; the user will al-ways retain the right to choose what data theywill sell, as well as when they will sell it, andto whom. For example, a user might choose tosell their biometric data for health and fitness

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Figure 2: Chronicled code sample

rewards while keeping their location data confi-dential. Buyers can incentivize users to sell thekind of data they find most useful by provid-ing different kinds of rewards, and users canincentivize brands to align with their lifestyleby selling their data for the rewards they valuemost.

Because the data on the LOOMIA TILE isencrypted, it is useless to other parties until itis sold by the user. In order to view their data,store it for future use, or sell it on the LOOMIAData Exchange, the user must first sync theirTILE to the Tile Platform.

IV. The Tile Platform

The Tile Platform is the P2P software that col-lects and manages data from the LOOMIATILE and exchanges information with the net-work of LOOMIA users. The Tile Platform isserverless; it is designed so that at no pointdoes the app need to offload data or connectto a central server. Each instance of the appconnects to other user instances. The first gen-

eration of the app is designed to run on a desk-top.

The Tile Platform’s stack is made up of threedistributed applications working together, asshown in figure 4:

1. The decentralized app for user interac-tions and data collection

2. The decentralized data storage for long-term housing and and retrieval of data

3. The blockchain for distributed, verifiable,universal record keeping

This section will describe the function ofeach of those applications separately. Takentogether, they have an architecture similar toBlockstack[2], and they use many Blockstackprotocols, modified to suit our needs. Block-stack’s peer network, called Atlas, gives aglobal index for information discovery. In At-las, every node maintains a full replica of thenetwork’s data, so the network needs no over-head to maintain a routing structure, and it

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Figure 3: Multiple users sharing the same tile.

is also very resilient against targeted node at-tacks, since every node has its own copy ofdata. The nodes in Atlas store data in the formof zone files, which are identical in structureto a Domain Name System (DNS) zone files.The peer network accepts a zone file only ifits hash has been pushed to the blockchain,which allows each peer to be confident thatrecords have not been tampered with. At themoment, zone files are so small that each nodeis easily able to keep a full copy of the hashtable. However, if this ceased to be true in thefuture, it would introduce only minor storagerequirements.

Blockstack uses their own naming systemknown as BNS, Blockstack Naming System,which is meant to replicate the functionalityof DNS without a central party. This systemis a remarkable achievement, since it was longassumed that a decentralized system could notprovide human-meaningful names, which isto say, it could not ensure that each user reg-istered only one account. This seeming im-possibility, often referred to as Zooko’s trian-gle problem[7], has only recently become solv-able with the advent of blockchains. When we

move to run Atlas on Ethereum, we will use theENS (Ethereum Name Service), which like BNShas the ability to provide human-meaningfulnames.

i. The Decentralized App

The Tile Platform app is responsible for thefollowing functions.

• Collecting the data from the LOOMIATILE. At the end of the day, when auser syncs their LOOMIA TILE to theiraccount through the LOOMIA Dock, theirdata transfers to the Tile Platform app,where it can be aggregated and visualized.The LOOMIA app will also register newLOOMIA-enabled devices through thesame process, via the LOOMIA TILE andthe LOOMIA Dock.

• Matching data against models of realis-tic, genuine data. The app will limit theamount of data that can be loaded in agiven time period, to prevent fraudulentdata from being loaded into the platform.If a user is loading data daily, they will

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Figure 4: The software platform

only be able to upload an amount of datathat can be reasonably collected in a day.The app’s models are calibrated amongpeers and adjusted over time.

• Encrypting data and backing it up tothe decentralized data storage in theTile Platform stack, or to other externalstorage venues chosen by the user.

• Allow users to sell their data accordingto preset thresholds. A user could chooseto keep all their data locked down or au-tomatically sold upon an offer. The au-tomatic sale can be limited based on thetype, sensitivity and size of data being re-leased. It can also be restricted based onthe payment amount being offered, andthe reputation of the buyer.

Over time, prices for data will be calibratedto match the supply and demand for infor-mation in the LOOMIA Data Exchange. The

process of receiving payments in the form ofTILE tokens and spending those tokens to getrewards is managed by the user’s wallet insideof the app.

ii. The Decentralized Data Storage

Since users will be holding important andvaluable data themselves, having a seamlessbackup system is fundamentally important.The LOOMIA platform will leverage Block-stack’s storage implementations, which in-cluded backing up encrypted data-chunks toDropbox, or blockchain-based distributed stor-age systems such as Storj[14]. If a user’s TILEor app gets lost or corrupted, everything canbe reclaimed from this distributed storage. Theuser’s private key is all that’s needed to de-crypt their data capsule.

We are currently working with Storj Labs[8]to integrate Tile software with the Storj plat-form, the most robust and developed dis-tributed storage platform. Storj creates en-

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crypted portions of a file called shards whichare stored redundantly throughout the net-work. The routing is built on Kademlia[9],a distributed hash table (DHT) allowing fora distributed network with efficient messagerouting. Storj adds additional message typesto support Quasar[15], a peer-to-peer publish/-subscribe system. LOOMIA TILE tokens willbe directly convertible via a smart contract toSTORJ tokens so users do not need to holdSTORJ to use the platform.

An additional distributed storage such asSwarm[1], which is tightly tied to Ethereum,may also be used for convenience (albeit cur-rently less robust). Swarm uses a distributedpreimage archive (DPA) for storage as well asthe bzz:/ protocol for sending and retrievingdata. Swarm’s DPA protocol stores informa-tion in strings of bytes according to their hashvalue, which are assumed to be collision-free,just like ethereum addresses. The repository ofdata stored through the DPA is the DistributedHash Table (DHT), in which each node has anaddress that is within a short distance of thehashes of the data it has contributed. Nodeswill store only the data whose hashes are clos-est to itself, and once a node reaches storagecapacity, it will discard the data whose hashesare furthest away. Thus, each node has theability to add new data to the DPA, retrievedata which it has previously stored, and pro-vide routing information to nodes which arecloser to the data being retrieved. Each nodealso breaks large chunks of data into a tree ofsmaller blocks, in which the key of each rootblock can be used to retrieve its children untilthe whole data chunk is reassembled.

iii. The Blockchain

The blockchain provides the constant backboneto ensure data authenticity, so that individ-ual nodes can join and leave the network withno impact on the network’s integrity and op-erations. The blockchain ensures that zonefiles are correct by matching the hash for thefile stored on the blockchain with the hash re-trieved from distributed storage. This allows

users to connect and get correct routing in-formation for communicating with the rest ofthe network. (The routing algorithm LOOMIAuses is leveraging Blockstack and Kadmeliarouting.)

• A directory of every registered LOOMIAproduct. This directory of SKUs is up-dated every time new LOOMIA-enabledproducts are manufactured. When a newproduct is authenticated by the LOOMIAapp, it checks this registry to ensure that itis an authentic LOOMIA-enabled product.

• Aggregated user data, which is periodi-cally hashed and written to the blockchain,creating a history that is verified in time.The length of this time series of hashesimpacts a user’s identity score. This willact as a cryptographic secure tagging ofIDs.

• Payment rails, which enable the userto transfer tokens to other users insideof LOOMIA and to other integrateddistributed storage platforms such asStorj, Sia, or Filecoin.

iii.1 Device registration

All LOOMIA products will be registered on theblockchain. In the post-manufacturing phasea public/private key pair is generated for theproduct and the public address is written to theblockchain with that item’s ID. This addressrepresents the owner of the product.

Purchasers receive the private key of theitem’s blockchain address when they purchasethe product. The purchaser can then chooseto update the owner address to one of theirchoosing, or to keep the address generated forthem (which is less secure, but more conve-nient). See figure 5. The update method cannaturally only be invokable by the owner.

function updateDeviceOwner(stringdeviceId, address newOwner) {

if ( msg.sender = devices[deviceId] )

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Figure 5: Registering a device on the blockchain

devices[deviceId] = newOwner;}

iii.2 Writing data to the blockchain andproving its authenticity

When updating the blockchain with a newrecord, the app will create a hash of that recordand store that. The smart contract will verifythe addition is valid, for instance, that thisdevice record has not been updated within 24hours (we throttle the number of records addedto prevent false record entries).

function addNewRecord(string deviceId,address deviceOwner,bytes32 newDataHash)

{

uint lastEntrytime =records[deviceId].entryTime;

if (now >= lastEntryTime + 24 hours&& records[deviceId].owner ==

deviceOwner) {records[deviceId].entryTime = now;records[deviceId].dataHash =

newDataHash;}

}

When data is transferred to a buyer therecord is produced along with the transactionshowing that hash of that data written to thecontract. In this way data cannot be falsifiedafter the fact.

Even without any provision for buying andselling data, consumers will be able to derive

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benefit from the Tile Platform simply by collect-ing all of the data about their soft goods in onesystem, from which they can easily retrieve itto provide proof of purchase or to claim sup-port under warranties and get replacements orrepairs for their damaged goods. Additionallyconsumers can benefit from the Tile Platform’saggregation of data by exchanging the TILEtokens earned from the sale of their personaldata of the LOOMIA Data Exchange for tangi-ble rewards.

V. The LOOMIA Data Exchange

As individuals we are all data producers fromthe activities and interactions we performthroughout our day. While we are all dataconsumers we generally go through 3rd par-ties that collect, aggregate and organize thedata we want. This may include local statisticaldata such as local housing and rental prices,salary data, heatmap data such as the hottestrestaurants and coffee shops in an area, styletrends, etc. With the LOOMIA data exchangeusers will be able to directly access data pro-vided by others on the platform. By providingtheir data and earning TILE tokens they havethey ability to use those tokens to get data ofinterest to them.

Researchers and students may be interestedin more varied data for social and economicanalysis.

In addition, there is data of interest to brands,stores, banks, transit authorities, or city plan-ners to harness directly from users to studyin aggregate for product and service improve-ment. Companies and interested researchersgain novel and accurate data sets, while usersearn money in the form of TILE tokens. In-dividuals and hobbyists can similarly collectdata on their own using TILE tokens. In thisway the data exchange is an open platform forpeople to exchange data using TILE tokens asthe medium of exchange. In addition, LOO-MIA expects that as of the launch of the TilePlatform, tokens may be converted into otherspecific digital currencies or exchanged for spe-cial rewards with brands and 3rd parties upon

the Tile Platform.Within the Tile Platform users will have

a dashboard where they can visualize datathey’ve uploaded and make custom datasets.They will for instance be able to visualize thefollowing:

• Personal activity such as walking, running,and driving.

• Product lifecycle. For example, if you’velaundered a product 100 times and thelifetime is 150 washings, you can see thatthe product is 2/3 through its lifecycle.

• View and compare themselves againstpublic datasets (must be bought with TILE,like an academic paper) for research orpersonal information.

Scenarios where a user may want access toother data on the platform (must be boughtwith TILE):

• Are you more or less active than others inyour age or local area?

• Ranking within a social group (a grouppermissioned in by user). E.g. who’s step-count is highest?

• How does your morning commute timecompare to others?

• What time to people in your demographicleave to work?

• How does your usage (frequency, length)of products compare to others with thesame or similar product?

This data can be delivered in an anonymizedmanner, with no identifying information in-cluded in the exchange beyond the user’s pub-lic key on the Tile Platform. Before a userchooses whether or not to sell their data, theLOOMIA app sorts it into many different cat-egories, which allows both users and buyersto be selective about what kind of data theywant to sell and acquire. Some categories willbe defined according to the World EconomicsForum’s conventions for classifying personaldata.

• Volunteered data: completed survey forms,profiles, and other attestations written byusers explicitly for the use of researchers

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• Observed data: recordings of the actionor condition of the user, which can becaptured by researchers without any con-scious effort or declaration by the user

• Inferred data: conclusions about the userdrawn from statistical analysis of volun-teered or observed data, similar to creditscores

Other categories will sort data by its struc-ture, rather than its content:

• Independent data points: how often a useris doing a particular activity or interactingwith a given product (for instance, wear-ing a given jacket, or going outside in coldweather).

• Related data points: how often two indepen-dent data points correlate (e.g. wearing agiven jacket while going outside in coldweather).

• Static data points: identity parameterswhich broadly define the marketing de-mographic and basic persona of the user,independent of detailed product-use be-haviors.

In the LOOMIA Data Exchange, buyers canbroadcast their interest in and price point forbuying specific kinds of data. In time, thosebuyers could include a wide range of thirdparties like delivery services and city planners,in addition to product brands. In response,users can sell each kind of data manually, orset it to be released automatically at a certainprice point or to a certain buyer. In exchangefor their data, users gets TILE tokens de-posited into their wallet in the TILE application.

When abuyer makesa request forsome type ofdata it flowsthrough thenetworkreaching allusers, with

the amount that will be paid on fulfillingthe request. Each user’s app will reply with

the data if it meets the user’s set thresholdrequirements. Figure 6 illustrates this.

VI. The TILE Token

The TILE token is the currency unit which pro-vides access to the Tile Platform. For exam-ple, if a brand wanted to determine how manyusers wear their jacket, it would spend tokensto query the Tile Platform to get usage data. Orsay, if a smart contract wants to reward userswho’s identity score is above some threshold,it could lookup a user’s identity rating on theregistry contract that lists the score alongsidethe user’s address.

The TILE token will be released as anEthereum ERC20 token[5], and like any otherEthereum token can be transferred freely be-tween users directly on the blockchain, withno reliance on the LOOMIA app in any way.

The TILE token is also convertible to STORJtokens via LOOMIA’s “token changer” smartcontract. This way users can access the Storjplatform without directly holding STORJ to-kens. Instead, our platform will convert TILEtokens at the time of need to STORJ to payfor data usage. Our “token changer” smartcontract uses the Bancor protocol[6] to convertbetween the two tokens. The Bancor protocolallows for an asynchronous exchange betweentwo tokens (i.e. a buyer and seller do not needto appear at the same time), and autonomouslysets the exchange price by constantly readjust-ing the current price toward an equilibriumbetween the purchase and sale volumes.

In addition TILE tokens are convertible toBancor tokens (BNT) through a token changersmart contract. Having convertibility to BNTwill allow TILE to be swapped via BNT to othertokens including Gnosis, Stox and Ether, sinceBNT has convertibility with them all.

The TILE token can also be used by thirdparty apps that connect to the Tile Platform.

VII. Third Party Integrations

Since the Tile Platform is completely opensource and peer-to-peer, there are no imped-

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Figure 6: Making a request for data

iments for third parties to build applicationson top of it, using LOOMIA technology to ver-ify users’ identity and facilitate the transfer ofpayments.

The sophistication of the LOOMIA TILE in-telligence for transferring payments will growover time. In the early stages of development,the TILE will require manual authorization forall payments. Future developments might al-low the TILE to make small automatic pay-ments below a certain threshold, or larger au-tomatic payments to users with strong reputa-tions and well-verified identities, which couldallow for checkout-free shopping and dining.The Tile Platform also could provide serviceopportunities by allowing users to assign a cer-tain percentage of their rewards on the LOO-MIA Data Exchange to the factory worker whomade their clothes, or to other causes whichthey support.

Even without any payment transactions, theLOOMIA TILE’s ability to confirm a user’sidentity reliably may have many interestingthird party applications on its own. Other webservices can query a user’s LOOMIA addressto get their identity attestations, as well as a

score describing the probability that each attes-tation is true. For example, the TILE will ratesomeone to likely be above 21 years old if theygo to bars and casinos and whose immediatesocial circle is over 21. Each user builds anidentity profile through the course of their in-teraction with LOOMIA; as the user contributemore data, their identity profile grows, andother users can verify them with greater confi-dence. Thus, it would be feasible for third par-ties to use the LOOMIA TILE to check whethera user has clearance to enter secured facilities,to unlock the user’s car or home, to informthem of severe weather conditions in their area,or to share their location with other membersof their social network, among many other ex-amples.

VIII. Conclusion

Users wear LOOMIA-enabled garments whichcollect data about their use patterns, their lo-cation, their body temperature, their body mo-tions, and their environmental conditions, alltied to the garment’s SKU. LOOMIA-enabledgarments store data points during the day and

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transfer them to the LOOMIA TILE when theyrecharge at night. Simply by going about theirday, users create very valuable data sets whichprovide brands with meaningful insights abouthow their products are really being used.

On the Tile Platform, users can sell theirdata to researchers and other interested buy-ers in an anonymized fashion in exchange forTILE tokens. These tokens can be convertedto other digital currencies or used across busi-nesses on the LOOMIA platform, offering awide economy in which the TILE token hasvalue. Participating business can develop re-ward plans based on TILE tokens to incen-tivize users to buy and wear their products.The more you wear a certain brand, the morebrand-specific rewards you could get. A brandcould even try to drive sales patterns by mak-ing limited-edition “high token value” itemsand promising to pay a higher price for datacollected through those items than through oth-ers, which would naturally incentivize users tobuy those items and use them more often.

The basic technology in the LOOMIA TILEsystem has the power to serve a wide variety offunctions for different enterprises. Researcherswith no interest in product development mightstill want to make use of LOOMIA’s temper-ature, motion, and location data to study thesafety conditions of industrial workers, to re-port in real time about the population-level ef-fects of accidents and severe weather patterns,or to determine the best place in town to builda new housing development or franchise. Ifmultiple third parties want to buy the samedatasets collected from the same population ofusers, those users could receive royalties foreach additional purchase. And as third partiesharness the ability to build their own applica-tions on top of the Tile Platform, the use-casesfor enterprises could become even more cre-ative and complex.

The LOOMIA TILE sits at the intersectionof two new, fast-growing industries: smart ap-parel and personal data. As such, it is uniquelywell-positioned to unite these two burgeoningfields in service of each other. Smart apparelneeds better data in order to drive product

development, and personal data needs bettersmart apparel in order to track a larger num-ber of internal and environmental variables ina more consistent, ongoing, and non-invasiveway. Personal data is already a sought aftercommodity for businesses in many industries,but it will become an even more valuable re-source in the decades ahead as developmentsin data science lead to cheaper, faster, andmore revelatory forms of analysis on largerdatasets than ever before. LOOMIA’s TILEis a proactive, ethical plan for providing thehigh-volume, high-precision data sets that com-panies will seek while eliminating the middle-men, closing the feedback loop, and ensuringthat individuals will retain the right to own thedata that they create.

References

[1] Viktor Tron et al. Swarm distributed preim-age archive. url: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/Swarm---distributed-preimage-archive.

[2] Muneeb Ali et al. Blockstack: A NewDecentralized Internet. url: https : / /blockstack.org/whitepaper.pdf.

[3] Chronicled. Chronicled Demo. url: http://demo.chronicled.org/.

[4] Luis Cuende and Jorge Izquierdo. AragonWhitepaper. url: https://github.com/aragon / whitepaper / blob / master /Aragon%20Whitepaper.pdf.

[5] ERC20. ERC20 Token Standard. url:https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20.

[6] Eyal Hertzog, Guy Benartzi, and GaliaBenartzi. Bancor Protocol. url: https://www.bancor.network/static/bancor_protocol_whitepaper_en.pdf.

[7] Dan Kaminsky. Spelunking the Triangle:Exploring Aaron Swartz’s Take On Zooko’sTriangle. url: https : / / dankaminsky .com/2011/01/13/spelunk-tri/.

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LOOMIA • January 2018 • V1.2

[8] Richard Kastelein. LOOMIA AnnouncesCollaboration With Storj Labs. url: http://www.the-blockchain.com/2017/10/19/loomia-announces-collaboration-storj - labs - introduces - smart -fabrics-consumer-data-blockchain-technology/.

[9] P. Maymounkov and D. Mazieres. Kadem-lia: A peer-to-peer information system basedon the xor metric. url: https://pdos.csail . mit . edu / ~petar / papers /maymounkov-kademlia-lncs.pdf.

[10] Jason Morris and Ed Lavandera. Why bigcompanies buy, sell your data. url: http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/23/tech/web/big-data-acxiom/index.html.

[11] Jason Morris and Ed Lavandera. Why bigcompanies buy, sell your data. url: http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/23/tech/web/big-data-acxiom/index.html.

[12] Frank Pasquale. The Dark Market for Per-sonal Data. url: https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/17/opinion/the-dark-market-for-personal-data.html.

[13] Status. Status Whitepaper. url: https://status.im/whitepaper.pdf.

[14] Shawn Wilkinson et al. Storj: A Peer-to-Peer Cloud Storage Network. url: https://storj.io/storj.pdf.

[15] Bernard Wong and Saikat Guha.“Quasar: A Probabilistic Publish-Subscribe System for Social Net-works”. In: Proceedings of The 7thInternational Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems (IPTPS ’08). 2008. url:https : / / www . microsoft . com / en -us/research/publication/quasar-a-probabilistic - publish - subscribe -system-for-social-networks/.

List of Figures

1 Hardware and software in theLOOMIA stack . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Chronicled code sample . . . . . 5

3 Multiple users sharing the sametile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4 The software platform . . . . . . 75 Registering a device on the

blockchain . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Making a request for data . . . . 12

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