LOYOLA COLLEGE

BUSINESS COMMUNICATION – AO

PROJECT

SUBMITTED TO : Prof. Albin John .A

SUBMITTED BY: ASWIN KUMAR K (15-CO-455)

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. INTODUCTION

I. English as lingua franca.

II. Language and Dialects and its types.

III. Introduction to business communication.

2. CHAPTER 2

I. Different forms of business talk

II. Non-verbal communication of English.

III. The role of leader in contemporary organizations.

3. CHAPTER 3

I. Covering letter.

II. Effective resume

III. Interview skills

IV. Report including Dos and Don’ts with sample.

4. CHAPTER 4

I. Group discussion and its Dos and Don’ts, goods and bads.

II. How to improve LSRW skills.

5. CONCLUSION

I. Personal view on business communication topic.

6. BIBLOGRAPHY.

1. INTRODUCTION

I. ENGLISH AS LINGUA FRANCA.

English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) refers to the use of English as a medium of communication between

peoples of different languages. We include as potential ELF users both those who speak English as an

additional language and those who speak English (in any of its social, regional and national varieties) as

their main language. So, if you are speaking English with another student who speaks English as an

additional language, whether or not English is your main language, You are both using ELF.

ELF has been studied by linguists interested in how its grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation is different

from other varieties of English. Other linguists have focussed on ELF as a process, rather than a product;

noticing how speakers in multilingual situations are able to monitor each other's response and work out the

grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, rate of speaking, volume, gestures, eye contact and so on that help

communicate the messages needed to achieve a specific task. Process-oriented ELF analysts are interested in

how speakers monitor and adjust their language to meet their needs and the needs of the task they are

engaged in.

ELF is used most often between non-native speakers of English but this fact does not mean that native

speakers are excluded from ELF communication. However, very often they form a minority of the

interlocutors. In ELF interactions, the importance lies on communication strategies other than nativeness,

which can lead to communicative situations where those English native speakers who are not familiar with

ELF and/or intercultural communication are at a disadvantage because they do not know how to use English

appropriately in these situations.

An important issue when discussing ELF is the notion of speakers of ELF being active language users in

their own right, who do not need to adhere to native speaker norms but use ELF to meet their

communicative needs. Proponents of ELF thus reject the notion that it is a form of ‘deficient’ English and

describe ELF speakers as users of English, not as learners.

II . LANGUAGE AND DIALETS AND ITS TYPES

The term dialect (from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the Ancient Greek word διάλεκτος, diálektos,

"discourse", from διά, diá, "through" and λέγω, légō, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two

different types of linguistic phenomena

One usage—the more common among linguists—refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a

particular group of the language's speakers. Despite their differences, these varieties known as dialects are

closely related and most often mutually intelligible, especially if close to one another on the dialect

continuum. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by

other factors, such as social class or ethnicity. A dialect that is associated with a particular social class can

be termed a sociolect, a dialect that is associated with a particular ethnic group can be termed as ethnolect,

and a regional dialect may be termed a regiolect. According to this definition, any variety of a given

language constitutes "a dialect", including any standard varieties. In this case, the distinction between the

"standard language" (i.e. the "standard" dialect of a particular language) and the "nonstandard" dialects of

the same language is often arbitrary and based on social, political, cultural, or historical considerations. In a

similar way, the distinction between of the terms "language" and "dialect" may overlap and are often subject

to debate, with the differentiation between the two classifications often grounded in arbitrary and/or

sociopolitical motives.

A language is a dialect with an army and navy. His point being that the difference between a language and

a dialect was ultimately a political distinction and had little to do with linguistics per se. Thus, German and

Dutch are separate languages, but Mandarin and Meixian Chinese are supposed dialects

TYPES OF DIALECTS

Regional dialect

Definition:

The distinct form of a language spoken in a certain geographical area.

If the form of speech transmitted from a parent to a child is a distinct regional dialect, that dialect is said to

be the child's vernacular.

Lexical variation

“ happen she were wearing a mask ”

The use of happen here meaning ‘perhaps’ or ‘maybe’ is an example of lexical variation — differences in

vocabulary. It probably locates the speaker somewhere in an area centred on the Pennines: Yorkshire or

Lancashire or adjacent areas of the East Midlands. The popular image of dialect speech tends to focus

almost exclusively on dialect vocabulary and although there was at one time greater regional variation in

vocabulary across the UK, there remains a great deal of lexical diversity.

Phonological variation

“ happen she were wearing a mask ”

The pronunciation of the word mask here could be very revealing. A well-known difference in British

accents is the distinction between speakers in the north and south. Those in the north generally pronounce

words such as bath, grass and dance with a short vowel — rather like the vowel in the word cat. Those in

the south use a long vowel, rather like the sound you make when the doctor examines your throat. So you

can immediately deduce something about a person who pronounces baths to rhyme with maths or pass to

rhyme with mass.

Grammatical variation

“ happen she were wearing a mask ”

Grammar is the structure of a language or dialect. It describes the way individual words change their form,

such as when play becomes played, to indicate an event in past time. It also refers to the way words are

combined to form phrases or sentences. The construction she were wearing a mask might sound unusual to

some ears, but in some dialects in northern England and the Midlands, many speakers indicate the past tense

of ‘to be’ by saying I were, you were, he, she and it were, we were and they were. This means the verb

is unmarked for person, while speakers of Standard English differentiate by using I was and he, she and it

was. Some dialects, perhaps particularly those in the South East of England, favour a similarly unmarked

version using the singular form of the verb I was, you was, he, she and it was, we was and they was.

Social Variation

“ maybe she was wearing a cap ”

This statement, if pronounced without an obvious regional accent, appears to reveal little about the speaker

— certainly in terms of his regional origins. But the pronunciation of the final consonant in the

word wearing might reveal a great deal about a speaker’s social background or the context in which he is

speaking. Most people either use the <n> sound in finger, or they use the <n> sound in fin. In popular

writing, the latter pronunciation is often transcribed as wearin’ and this usually conveys the sense that the

speaker is either from a lower socio-economic group or is speaking in an informal situation.

IIII. INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

Communication is neither the transmission of a message nor the message itself. It is the mutual exchange of

understanding, originating with the receiver. Communication needs to be effective in business.

Communication is the essence of management. The basic functions of management

(Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and Controlling) cannot be performed well without effective

communication.

Business communication involves constant flow of information. Feedback is integral part of business

communication. Organizations these days are verly large and involve large number of people. There are

various levels of hierarchy in an organization. Greater the number of levels, the more difficult is the job of

managing the organization. Communication here plays a very important role in process of directing and

controlling the people in the oragnization. Immediate feedback can be obtained and misunderstandings if

any can be avoided. There should be effective communication between superiors and subordinated in an

organization, between organization and society at large (for example between management and trade

unions). It is essential for success and growth of an organization. Communication gaps should not occur in

any organization.

Business Communication is goal oriented. The rules, regulations and policies of a company have to be

communicated to people within and outside the organization. Business Communication is regulated by

certain rules and norms. In early times, business communication was limited to paper-work, telephone calls

etc. But now with advent of technology, we have cell phones, video conferencing, emails, satellite

communication to support business communication. Effective business communication helps in building

goodwill of an organization.

A two way information sharing process which involves one party sending a message that is easily

understood by the receiving party. Effective communication by business managers facilitates information

sharing between company employees and can substantially contribute to its commercial success.

2. CHAPTER 2

I. DIFFERENT FORMS OF BUSINESS TALK

There are two types of business communication in an organization, which come under “Vertical

Communication"

1. Internal Communication

2. External Communication

Internal Communication

All communication that has to do with internal matters and interaction between staff and employees in

varied forms is called “Internal Communication." And it serves as an excellent medium to address all

concerns of employees, thereby enhancing goodwill, job satisfaction, productivity and safety aspects. It also

serves to increase turnover and profits.

Under Internal Communication, you have

Upward Communication

This represents the information flow from lower down in the hierarchy to those in higher positions, thus

preventing the organization to experience a vacuum in terms of not only the proper receipt of information,

but also solutions to other problems that the company may face.. Undoubtedly, communication is a two-

sided sword, but for it to work efficiently, information must originate at the bottom, and move upwards. The

benefits of upward communication to the staff include the exchange of ideas and information, heightened

staff enthusiasm, job satisfaction and the provision of feedback.

Downward Communication

The flow of information and instructions from the top levels of the organization to its lowest levels, detailing

the mission and the policies, is normally referred to as downward communication. These may be in the form

of specific instructions or guidelines to complete a full project. However, you must start establishing the

procedure only after the upward communication has been successfully instituted. This information flow can

be used to pass on important matters and instructions, announce decisions and promote mutual discussions,

cooperation, and morale, enhance efficiency and obtain feedback.

Horizontal/Lateral Communication

When people with the same rank in the organization communicate with each other and collaborate in the

search of a common goal, it is called horizontal communication. Assigned work is best completed when

employees at the same level, cooperate. This kind of communication helps solve problems by enhanced

teamwork, boosting efficiency, completing tasks and building goodwill.

External Communication

External communication refers to communication by company supervisors with agencies outside the

company, for example, with customers and vendors. This kind of communication and useful interaction can

lead to operational efficiency, market credibility, goodwill, corporate image, customer satisfaction,

organizational goals, leading to performance, increased sales volumes, followed by a strong profit showing.

Most of this external work is done by marketing departments who target markets in pursuit of a larger share

of business and the purchase executives who are always sourcing better quality inputs at lower prices.

Some of the other facets of communication are enumerated below:

Face-To-Face Communication

Still the oldest, but the most effective mode of communication is the face-to-face type that requires the

physical presence of both parties involved, removing any vestiges of ambiguity and making absolutely 100

% certain that matters have been mutually understood. Once this is achieved, further discussions can be held

at any time without inhibitions. You can also make your pitch in a manner that will directly convey your

feelings, passion and commitments to an individual or at a group meeting. Most experts opine that this is the

best form indeed to make an impression the vital points pertaining to your company your audience.

Phones

The phone is a more personal form of communication than the email, and can add a personal touch to

messages of complex nature that need the clarity of a phone call to explain some intricacy involved that

cannot be put into a message. Its great advantage is that you can reach people with clarity, all round the

globe when you want to confirm your associate’s accurate understanding of your message.

Verbal

Verbal communication includes direct face-to-face meetings, meetings, video conferencing and telephoning

and may well be an excellent communication mode by reading the inferences you make out of the non-

verbal or verbal responses of a message. Additionally, it puts the message receivers at ease to pose questions

to the sender and obtain his feedback, thus saving on response time and decision making. Of course, with the

increased use of the verbal communication, you can see problems like language, social and cultural barriers

and time difference in the different Eco zones cropping up often. You have to overcome these hassles to

make a meaningful and useful message sans the least bit of confusion and complexity.

Written Form of Communication

Several forms of communication including formal letters, posters, business memos, bulletin boards and other

diverse forms of communication form part of the written form of communication. This is a good choice for

those wanting to convey the same message in writing to several people at different locations. They can send

also technical messages with images and charts to make it easy for the recipients to analyze and

comprehend. Another advantage of a written message is its paper trail that necessitates the recipient to

receive and acknowledge it. Such messages are also created for purposes of a record of corrections or for

legal purposes.

• Communication by Email

Today, e-mail takes precedence over most communication modes, for its predominantly cheap, fast and

good features, giving it an edge over others in communication with the remotest parts of the globe, in a

manner that both the sender and receiver find convenient. Though it may appear less personal than a face-to-

face meeting or even a phone call, e-mail gives you the opportunity to send documents, pictures or videos at

the flick of a mouse, with the same credibility as faxing it or delivering by hand. However, one must take

utmost care to write the mail clearly to avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding between the sender and

multiple recipients, which could forge a weak point in this mode of communication..

II. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION OF ENGLISH

Nonverbal communication is sending and receiving wordless messages. Language is not the only way to

communicate, there are other means. Much nonverbal communication is unconscious: it happens without

thinking about it.

NVC can use gestures and touch, body language or posture, facial expression and eye contact. NVC can be

communicated through objects such as clothing and hairstyles. Dance is also a type of nonverbal

communication.

Speech has nonverbal elements known as paralanguage.

These include voice quality, emotion and speaking style, rhythm, intonation and stress. Likewise, written

texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the use

of emoticons

Verbal means 'the use of words'. Thus, vocal sounds that are not words, such as a grunt, or singing a

wordless note, are nonverbal. Sign languages and writing are understood as verbal communication, as both

make use of words — although like speech, paralinguistic elements do occur alongside nonverbal messages.

Nonverbal communication can occur through any sensory channel — sight, sound, smell, touch or taste.

NVC is important because:

"When we speak (or listen), our attention is focused on words rather than body language. But our judgement

includes both. An audience is simultaneously processing both verbal and nonverbal cues. Body movements

are not usually positive or negative in and of themselves; rather, the situation and the message will

determine the appraisal".[2]p4

Functions of nonverbal communication

Spoken language is often used for communicating information about external events, but non-verbal codes

are more used in interpersonal relationships.[3] According to Argyle, there are five primary functions of

nonverbal bodily behavior in human communication:[4]

To express emotions

To express interpersonal attitudes

To accompany speech: it helps speakers manage their conversation.

To present one’s personality

To perform rituals (such as greetings)

Paralanguage is the study of nonverbal cues of the voice. Various acoustic properties of speech such as tone,

pitch and accent, collectively known as prosody, can all give off nonverbal cues. Paralanguage may change

the meaning of words.

III. ROLE OF LEADER IN CONTEMPRORY ORGANIZATIONS

The leadership is very important in the contemporary organizations and the organizational behavior depends

on the effective leadership style. In this respect, the transformational leadership style is particularly

effective, when organizations need changes. In the contemporary business environment, organizations

should come prepared to changes because the fast development of technologies and changes in the business

environment contributes to the fast development of business and raises the problem of adaptation of changes

within the organization. At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that the experience of John Walsh is

quite useful in terms of the improvement of the organizational performance. In addition, the charismatic

leadership contributes to the fast development of organizations because the charisma of a leader unites

people and helps the organization to reach strategic goals effectively.

Leaders and business managers should realize employees will look to them as a model of how they should

behave under certain circumstances. Employees tend to emulate how they see leaders acting and

communicating. If employees see a leader using an active listening style and empathetic tone with

customers, they are more likely to do the same. When leaders are open to the ideas of others and praise

often, employees will tend to follow suit. When speaking, leaders should consider whether they would want

their employees to speak in the same way to the same audience. If not, the leader should adjust his

communication style.

Effective communication skills do not come naturally for most people. Many people, including business

leaders and managers, need to practice repeatedly in order to improve their skills. In addition to practicing,

leaders should consider classes or training that will help them communicate effectively. With the tool known

as 360-degree evaluation, every person in the organization is evaluated by one or more superiors, colleagues

and employees. Leaders can participate in 360-degree evaluations both to serve as an example for employees

and to identify whether their communication skills need improvement.

3. CHAPTER 3

I. COVERING LETTER

ASWIN KUMAR K

10/20, THIRUVALLUAR NAGAR,

TONDIARPET,

CHENNAI- 81

9962584584

MARCH 2,2017

MR.KANNAN

SENIOR EDITOR,

THE HINDU,

CHENNAI-17

SIR,

I am applying for the ASSISTANT EDITOR position advertised on 20th febraury, 2017, ‘THE

HINDU’, My relevant experience is diverse and establishes me as a first-class candidate for this opportunity.

My marketing experience is extensive. I am currently employed as a staff technical writer for a local

company. My past work experience includes business and freelance writing and editing . At my current

employer. I draft technical description of products for the company website and maintain any and all new

hire documentation such as the employer handbook .

Additionally, I edit fiction manuscripts for an online e-book publishing company. Specifically, I edit overall

flow, content, grammer and spelling. In my editing role, I have regular interactions with the authors and

publishers.

I am available for the interview scheduled at your convenience. I may be reached at the mobile number

above. Thank u for your consideration.

Herewith I also enclosed my resume for your reference.

Sincerely

Aswin Kumar k

EFFECTIVE RESUME

NAME: ASWIN KUMAR K

CONTACT INFORMATION: 9962584854, 9940258425

aswinkumar@gmail.com

PERSONAL OBJECTIVE: TO BECOME A SENIOR TECHNICAL WRITER.

PROFESSIONAL LICENCES: I. TO WRITE AND PUBLISH BOOKS LICENCED BY

PUBLISHERS COUNCIL.`

II. TO CARRY ON A PUBLISHING FIRM LICENSED

BY PUBLISHERS OWNERS COUNCIL.

EDUCATION QUALIFICATION: 1. B A ENGLISH AT ST.JOSEPH, TRICHY

2. HSC AT PAKPHSS, CHENNAI (91%)

3. SSLC AT S.B.O.A, CHENNAI (86%).

WORK EXPERIECNE: 1. 1yr internship as a editor in DHINA THANTHI.

2. 2yrs as a technical staff writer in TIMES OF INDIA.

CLINICAL ROTATIONAL

EXPERIENCE: NIL.

PRESENTATIONS: PRESENTED A CRTICAL REVIEW SESSION OF

WORLD FAMOUS BOOKS FAIR

PUBLICATIONS: PUBLISHED A EDITIORIAL REGARDING

“SOCIAL MEDIA LANGUAGE” IN THE HINDU

PUBLISHED ON 2ND JAN 2014.

RESEARCH EXPERIENCES: ENGAGED IN RESEARCH IN DISCOVERING

UNKNOWN LANGUAGES.

SCHORLY ACTIVITIES: -

AWARDS AND HONOURS: AWARDED AS A BEST EDITIOR IN CHENNAI FOR

THE YEAR 2014 BY THE HINDU

GRANTS: -

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIP: MEMBER OF PUBLISHERS COUNCIL OF INDIA

COMMUNITY SERVICE ACTIVITIES: SERVICED AS A VOLENTEER OF EFI (NGO)

REFERENCES: RAVEENDER V

SENIOR TECHNICAL EDITIOR,

TIMES OF INDIA,

9857462151.

I HEREBY DECLARE THAT THE GIVEN INFORMATION IS TRUE AND CORRECT UNDER MY

KNOWLEDGE.

SINCERLY

ASWIN KUMAR K

III.INTERVIEW SKILLS

An interview is a conversation where questions are asked and answers are given. In common parlance, the

word "interview" refers to a one-on-one conversation with one person acting in the role of

the interviewer and the other in the role of the interviewee. The interviewer asks questions, the interviewee

responds, with participants taking turns talking. Interviews usually involve a transfer of information from

interviewee to interviewer, which is usually the purpose of the interview, although information transfers can

happen in both directions simultaneously. One can contrast an interview which involves bi-

directional communication with a one-way flow of information, such as a speech or oration.

Interview do's

▪ Dress appropriately. Extremes in fashion or very casual clothes should generally be avoided. Look neat

and clean.

▪ Be punctual. Make sure that you are 10 minutes early and if you are going to be unavoidably detained

ring and let them know.

▪ Express yourself and your views clearly.

▪ Bring a copy of all relevant documents, so you can refer to them if necessary.

▪ Listen carefully to the questions and answer clearly and thoughtfully.

▪ Make eye-contact. Remember to talk to the person (not the top right hand corner of the room or at their

shoes).

▪ Make sure you fully understand the question and query any point about which you may be doubtful.

▪ If you are being interviewed by a panel, ensure that you direct your answer to the person who asked the

question, while still including the other interviewers by making brief eye contact.

▪ Ask questions. Selection is a two way process. They select you, but you also select them.

▪ Be aware of what your needs are, so as you can assess how well the company can fulfil them.

▪ Be Confident. Remember that you applied for the position because you thought that you could do it.

▪ Show enthusiasm for the company and the position.

Interview don'ts

▪ Don't dress too casually or look untidy.

▪ Don't make derogatory remarks about past or present employers.

▪ Don't fidget or twitch, try to control other nervous mannerisms.

▪ Conversely, don't sit there like a statue. If you feel more comfortable talking with the aid of your hands

for emphasis, then use them, but try not to be too excessive in your gestures.

▪ Don't interrupt the interviewer before they have finished asking you a question and never finish their

sentences for them.

▪ Don't Lie. If you have to lie about what you are like or your abilities in order to obtain the job, you are

likely to find yourself in a position that you don't really like and probably one in which you will have

problems fulfilling successfully.

▪ Don't worry if you answer one question badly. Treat each question individually. Remember that if you

mess up the second question but answer the next 15 brilliantly they won't place much emphasis on the

second question putting your poor answer down to nerves. If however, you get so caught up in chastising

yourself for making a mistake, you will continue to make mistakes, have more problems thinking about

your answer and finish feeling extremely anxious and knowing that you made a mess of the interview.

▪ Don't talk about salary, holidays or bonuses unless they bring them up.

▪ Don't answer questions with a simple "yes" or "no". Make sure that you explain your reasoning fully.

▪ Don't wear too much perfume or aftershave.

▪ Don't smoke even if invited to do so.

IV. REPORT WRITING

Report On The Possibility Of Opening A Short Course In English

Introduction

In a meeting of the department of English held on 20 May 2014, the view was expressed that our students

have a very poor command in English, both spoken and written. So it was proposed that a short course in

English should be opened under the management of the English teachers.

Discussion

We realized the need for such a course for good reasons. From the answer scripts of the students of different

departments, we found that the standard of English of about 80% of them is far below the average. We

interviewed many students of our university, of some other universities, and even some outsiders, and found

that they deplorably lacked correctness in writing and fluency in speaking English. We also talked with them

about opening a short course in English in order to help them with the basics of written and spoken English.

They all highly appreciated the idea and opined that such a course would be of much help for them.

The students need to use correct English in their answers of the exam questions in different courses and

subjects. If they are given some knowledge about the basics of spoken and written English, they can go a long

way towards their improvement.

Conclusion

So we think that Short Courses in English will be a quite popular programme. It will help students, non-

students, and professionals.

Recommendations

We would recommend that such a course should be opened in the Department of English, and the university

should look into the financial aspects of the programme as early as possible.

Aswin Kumar

Head of the Department of English

10 March , 2017

DO

• Read the requirements carefully. (Example: “Groups of 2-3” means 2-3!) If you are not sure – ask!

• Use a spell checker.

• Check your grammar.

• Get other people to read your work out loud carefully and then make the corrections.

• Label all your figures, tables, graphs, code etc. If it doesn’t have a label, it can’t be referred to in

your text, and if it isn’t referred to it shouldn’t be in your report.

• Define all relevant terms, especially any “jargon” you wish to use

• Be concise and keep your content relevant.

DON'T

• Generalise or be vague.

• Over complicate or oversimplify. (Remember who your reader is.)

• Use “jargon” (unless defined) or clichés (eg. “dead-end”) or colloquialisms (eg. “mate”).

• Use emotive language. (It doesn’t belong in a technical report.)

• Write a “diary” or a “history” of what you did. Present a static complete picture.

• Use “I/We”. (Avoid as much as possible).

• Introduce/define terms that are not used later. (Be concise and relevant).

• Change “tense”. Pick past or present tense and stick to it consistently through your report, and don’t

change. A future tense is wrong if you have already performed the work

4. CHAPTER.4

I. GROUP DISCUSSION AND ITS DOS AND DON’TS, GOODS AND BADS.

Group Discussion is an important tool in the selection process. It is mostly used for selecting candidates for

management posts. Here, the candidates are divided into small groups. Each group contains six to eight

candidates. Each group is given a topic for discussion. They are also given a time limit for discussing this

topic. The topic may be a general or current topic.

For e.g. "Leaders are born, not made". Each participant has to give his or her views about this topic. The

selectors observe the full discussion. After the time limit is over, the best candidate from the group is

selected. The same process is followed for other groups.

Group discussion is mostly unstructured. That is, every single step is not planned in advance. Each candidate

is not given a time limit for speaking. Similarly, the order of speaking, that is, who will speak first and who

will speak last is not fixed in advance. The candidates have to decide how to conduct the group discussion.

The selectors see how the group takes shape, and who contributes most to it. They also judge the knowledge

of each candidate, time management, leadership quality, behaviour, etc.

Purposes/Objectives of Group Discussion:

1. Suggestions: Advice and ideas, together with suggestions, they form the core heart of a group discussion.

It is through these tools that a meaningful and practically implementable solution can be reached.

Intermingling of these suggestions give rise to a new ones, creating a space for best possible output.

2. Wide Approach: Group discussion helps to provide wide approach to any matter under consideration, as it

include members from a large number of different sections of a particular business organisation. The beauty

of entire process is in the area of span it can give to a problem’s redressal.

Dos and donts in group discussion.

Things to Do during Group Discussion:

• Speak politely and in a pleasant way with the group members.

• Respect the contribution of every member and recognize it and show it with a nod and smile.

• Agree and acknowledge whatever you find is of your interest.

• Disagree politely as it is a discussion not an argument. Be firm while talking.

• Do a mental revision of what you are going to say next and think about how you can answer the same in a

best way.

• Stick to the theme of discussion and don’t run after irrelevant information.

• Follow proper etiquette's when speaking in a group.

Things NOT TO DO during group discussion:

• Don’t loose temper as it is a group discussion we are here to discuss not to argument about something.

• No one is deaf there so use a moderate tone and medium pitch.

• Do not interrupt in between when someone is speaking. Wait for the speaker to finish first.

• Do not draw too much on personal experience.

• Do not dominate the discussion let others also to speak and contribute in discussion.

• Do not use loud gestures such as pointing fingers and table thumping as it can appear aggressive.

• Remember the panel members are watching you and observing you all through the discussion

GOODS IN GROUP DISCUSSIONS

1. More Rational Decision: The Group can produce more rational decisions because of deep understanding

and application of many minds in comparison to a single mind.

2. More Means: The group can pull together better resources. The joint resources of the group would be

superior to the resources of an individual.

3. Division of Labour: The group decision may lead to division of labour. People specializing in different

fields will contribute their expertise separately to achieve a better goal. In group discussions, the process of

sharing of views helps to eliminate errors of judgement.

4. Commitment: Group discussions results in commitment as it gives a feeling of involvement and

acceptance of the decision.

5. Increase in Knowledge: Group discussion increases the knowledge and understanding of the participants.

They exchange ideas, views, opinions and discuss the same at length. There is practically no chance of

ambiguity.

6. Solution for Complex Problems: Modern organisations face sufficiently complex problems. Their solution

calls for group discussion wherein persons with different abilities express their valued opinions.

7. Encouragement of Democratic and Innovative Thinking: All members enjoy full freedom and opportunity

to express their opinion in group discussion. As a result of it, development of democratic and innovative

thinking get encouraged.

BADS IN GROUP DISCUSSION :

1. Delay: Group discussion take time to be arranged and to take decisions.

2. Conflicts: The members whose views are not accepted may feel offended. Personal conflicts and rivalry

may obstruct proper and timely decision.

II. HOW TO IMPROVE LSRW SKILLS

English skills are 1] Listening 2] Reading 3] Writing 4] Speaking

1] Listening:- it is a passive learning. Listening needs a lot of patience. It is an art. A leader should have this

skill in the first place. That is why god has given us two ears but only one mouth. Greatest listeners of this

world are Mao, and Chow en li. They listen for hours together. They never interrupt the speaker. More and

more knowledge can be gained by listening.

Today we have many systems of listening TV, Lectures, Net, DVDs, conferences, etc.

We can go to www.ted.com where lakhs of speeches by celebrities, scholars, nobel laureates, etc. can be

found out.

2] Writing :- Writing makes a full man. It needs listening skills, reading skills, imaginating skills, language

command, observation skills, presentation skills, etc. It is a skill because it needs a lot of effort. It should be

learnt from gurus, or by own efforts. Sometimes a great inspiration.

While writing the writer should imagine something in his own mother tongue.

Translate it into English.

Select appropriate words.

Select appropriate tense.

Maintain coherence.

Write in such a way it should make the reader to read it.

The writer should have humorous nature.

Generally people like facts, truths and anything relevant.

3] Reading :- Reading can save us a lot of time. Within a short span of time we can gain a lot of knowledge.

For example if we take Irving Wallace’s book “Prize”, the author had taken nine years to gather the

information. He spent six months to draft the manuscript. Then another eight months to check the spelling

mistakes, appropriate words, and typing. Another six months to check the typed version. In the eleventh year

the book came for publication. If we concentrate on the novel, we can complete reading it in a month. With

this we saved eleven years of the author’s efforts simply paying seventy five rupees. That is the advantage.

Secondly if a student is studying B. Tech course in four years he has to study 50 subjects. In each subject

there may be 10 scientists. Each scientist might have spent 10 years to derive an equation. That means 50 x

10 x 10 = 5000 years of 300 hundred scientists the student can learn in four years. In addition to that 30

subjects are taught by 30 faculty members. Each faculty member might have taken at least 5 years to learn

that subject. That means 30 x 5 = 150 years of teaching effort. On the whole it amounts to 5150 years of

knowledge the student learns in four years.

Thirdly this reading enriches the skills of problem solving; image building in the society; become best guru

known in those times; and many more.

Fourthly India is a country of manufacturing intellectuals to the world. Braindrain is more.

4] Speaking :- When you speak not only your knowledge, but your body language also speaks. When we

speak the content should be very important. Unless there is depth in the speaking; related to the range of the

audience; related to the situation; the speaker becomes fool. We cannot get audience. Or the audience to

away. Speaking does not mean simply speaking whatever we want. There should be some purpose.

When we speak any thing in English,

1] We should have the knowledge of the subject

2] Frame that in our mother tongue

3] Translate it into English

4] We should know English vocabulary to that effect

5] speak in coherence

6] Intonation and many more.

Here are five ways to increase our listening abilities:

1 . BE FULLY IN THE M OMENT

Have you ever been speaking to someone and found that they are distracted by something and not really

listening to you? You probably thought this was annoying, frustrating, and disrespectful. At that point you

may have even become angry or shut the conversation down.

When someone is speaking it is vitally important to be fully present and in the moment with them. If

something else is on your mind, like a call you have to make, or a text you need to answer, let them know,

do what you need to do, and when you are finished let them know you are ready to listen.

When listening pay attention not only to the words but the tone of voice, facial expressions, and body

language. This will give you information that will be as important as the words themselves.

2 . PUT YOURS ELF IN T HEIR S HOES

Whether you agree with the speaker or even have an interest in what they have to say, what they are saying

is important to them. Imagine yourself in their situation, wanting only to have someone listen to them. When

they are speaking, make an effort to think of where they are coming from and why. Imagine what their life is

like and what struggles they might be facing. People will appreciate that you made the effort to understand

and really hear them.

3 . PICK UP KE Y POINT S AND LET THE S PEAKE R KNO W YOU DID

Many people have trouble focusing on what someone is saying especially if they speak for longer than a

minute or so. It is easy for our attention to drift to something else that we might find more interesting. If

that’s the case, try to pick up a few key points in the conversation. After they finish talking, let them know

that you heard them by mentioning the key points you heard them say and ask them to clarify anything that

you did not understand. You will be forgiven for not being able to follow the whole conversation if the

person talking believes that you made an honest effort.s

4 . PRACTICE ACTIVE L IS TENING

Most people are thinking of how they are going to reply when someone is talking. Instead of doing that, try

to focus completely on what the person is saying. Pretend that you will be tested on how much of what they

were saying you heard and understood. A good exercise to practice is to sit down with a family member or a

good friend and practice simply giving feedback to them of what you heard them say. You will notice that it

gets much easier to focus on their words when you aren’t worrying about how you will respond.

5 . DEVELOP CURIOSITY, AN OPEN MIND, AND A DES IRE FOR CONTINU OUS

GROWTH

People who are naturally curious see conversations as learning opportunities. They are a lways looking to

discover or learn something new and see everyone they talk to as having the potential to teach them

something. They are open to the idea that their own way of seeing things may not be the only, or necessarily

the best, way and don’t feel the need to always defend their own point of view or way of seeing the world.

These people are continuously looking for new learning opportunities and taking on new challenges. You

will recognize these people as the ones who are signing up for courses, volunteering, and trying new

experiences throughout their lives. For them, listening to others becomes an easy and natural way to

continue on their self-development journey.

5.CONCLUSION

I.PERSONAL VIEW ON BUSINESS COMMUNICATION TOPICS.

These topics in business communication helps to understand the basic concepts of communications.

This topics not only helping in the exam point of view but also professionally useful to carry on a business

Lingually well. These gives a professional inner confidence to carry on a small talk with a stranger without

Any hesitation and also get the work done with ease. This also helps to express our views boldly and

Comfidently. This gives the the clear look to the entrepreneurs way of viewing the business and the way

Of approaching to the clients of the business and workers From initial job interviews to final exits, the

question and answer dialog of an interview elicits information from respondent by interviewer. Both sides

need to understand one another’s needs and agendas to facilitate interaction. In this one-to-one context, as

the interviewer asks questions to better understand the respondent, the respondent in turn must carefully

listen to the questions and even ask questions themselves to better understand the motivation behind the

interviewer’s query, to ensure precise responses. While ostensibly the primary reason for an interview is to

inform, in some cases a secondary motive would be to persuade, such as a job applicant convincing a

potential employer that the applicant is the right candidate to hire. Thus very useful for the conduct of the

business.

6.BIBLOGRAPHY

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