lubricating oil

DESIGN IV : MARINE MACHINERY & ELECTRICAL SYSTEMDEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERINGFTK-ITS

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF

LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

Doc No: 10 - 42 10 069 - LO

Rev. Date Annotation Done by

Name Signed

Stefanus A

DESIGN IV : MARINE MACHINERY & ELECTRICAL SYSTEMDEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERINGFTK-ITS

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF

LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

Approved by

Name Signed

Ir. Indrajaya Gerianto, M.Sc.

Project : DESIGN IVDoc. No : 10 - 42 10 054 - LORev.No : 01Type : Philosophy

1. INTRODUCTION1.1 Description

a. Lubricating Oil System

1.2 ObjectiveThis document purpose is to determine the technical specification of engine lubricating system.

2. REFERENCESa. ABS RULES AND REGULATIONb. Wartsila 6L32 - Engine Project Guide 2012

3. ABBREVIATIONSLOC = Specific lubricating oil consumption [gr/BHP]c = constant addition of fuel (1.3)Q = CapacityA = Area of Pipe that will be convert to diameter formulav = flow velocityvs = Velocity of fluidd = Inside diametert = Wall thickness and timeQ = QapacityRn = Reynold numbern = viscocityhs = head static

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

Lubricating oil system is one of main engine system. Lubricating oil system used to lubricate and cooled the motion part in engine. Lubricating oil for a marine diesel engine achieves two objectives; it must cool and lubricate.The oil is taken from the drain tank usually underneath the engine by a screw type pump. It is cooled, filtered and supplied to the engine via the oil inlet pipe or inlet rail at a pressure of about 4 bar. On a medium speed 4 stroke engine the oil is supplied to the main bearings through drillings in the engine frame to the crankshaft main bearings. Drillings in the crankshaft then take the oil to the crankpin or bottom end bearings. The oil is then led up the connecting rod to the piston or gudgeon pin and from there to the piston cooling before returning to the crankcase. Oil is also supplied to lubricate the rocker gear operating the inlet and exhaust valves, and to the camshaft and camshaft drive. The oil then drains from the crankcase into the drain tank or sump. The oil in the drain tank is being constantly circulated through a centrifugal purifier. This is to remove any water and products of combustion plus any foreign particles which may be in the oil.

The cylinder liner must be lubricated as well. This is so there will be a film of oil between the piston rings and the liner and also so that any acid produced by combustion of the fuel is neutralised by the oil and does not cause corrosion. Some of this lubrication will be supplied by so called "splash lubrication" which is the oil splashed up into the liner by the rotating crankshaft. However larger medium speed marine diesel engines also use separate pumps to supply oil under pressure to the cylinder liner. The oil is led through drillings onto the liner surface where grooves distribute it circumferentially around the liner, and the piston rings spread it up and down the surface of the liner. A pre lub pump is sometimes fitted especially to engines where the main pump is engine driven. This pump is electrically driven and circulates oil around the engine prior to starting.

The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in the engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant.

hp = head pressurehv = head velocity


4. DESIGN PARAMETER

1.1. System Oil Tank

1.2. Sludge tanks

1.3. Sump tanksSump tank planned as the recommendation of engine maker has a volume of 0.91 m3

2. Lubricating Oil Main Pump

3. Separator

Where :Q = Volume of FlowP = Engine Outputn = Number of through-flows tank volume per day : 5 for HFO, 4 for MDO.t = Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operation

4. Valve and Fittinga. Valve

1. Butterfly Valve


1. Tanks

The system oil tank is usually located beneath the engine foundation. The tank may not protrude under the reduction gear or generator , and it must also be symmetrical in transverse direction under the engine. The location must further be such that the lubricating oil is not cooled down below normal operating temperature. Suction height is especially important with engine driven lubricating oil pump.

The sludge tank should be located directly beneath the separators, or as close as possible below the separators, unless it is integrated in the separator unit. The sludge pipe must be continuously falling.

To meet the debit on its recommendation by the engine maker, so the selected pump is type screw pump. Main engine that used in this design using engine driven main LO pump, with capacity that already determined by project guide Wartsilla 6L32.

The separators should preferably be of a type with controlled discharge of the bowl to minimize the lubricating oil losses. The service throughput Q [l/h] of the separator can be estimated with the formula :

A butterfly valve is a valve which can be used for isolating or regulating flow. The closing mechanism takes the form of a disk, which allows for quick shut off. Butterfly valve are generally favored because they are lower in cost to other valve designs as well as being lighter in weight, meaning less support is required. Used for stop valve only, for low working pressure. In this system, butterfly valve used in order before the pump, and as a connecting to another equipment to make a standby function. Below is the example of butterfly valve, shown in Figure 5.3 Butterfly Valve.


Figure 5.1 Butterfly Valve2. Non Return Valve

3. Three Way Valve and Angle ValveAs a connect of pipe with simple used.

b. Fitting1. Filter

Figure 5.4 Centrifugal Filter

5.12 Class RequirementLloyd Register 2012, Part 5, Chapter 14, Section 4, Page 5a. General Requirements


Has same function with globe valve, working in very high pressure and just has one-way direction. Usually this valve is used in order after the pump and another lines that the fluids shall not back through the same line or just one-way direction.

Hyraulic filters are very useful for removing solid contamination from lube and fuel oil system of marine machinery. Withous filters in the lube or fuel oil system, the machinery internal parts, bearing, piston, rings, liners etc. can get damaged, which will result in inefficient working of the machinery. In this system will be used Centrifugal Filter. These filters work on the principal of centrifugal force removing high density fluids and impurity from the oil. It is normally used for lube oil systems. Most of the auxiliary engines have attaced centrifugal filters. The example will be shown in Figure 5.4 Centrifugal Filter below.

Lubricating oil system are to be so constructed to ensure reliable lubrication over the whole range of speed and during run-down of the engines and to ensure adequate heat transfer.

b. Priming Pumps

Where necessary, priming pumps are to be provided for supplying lubricating oil to the engines.c. Emergency Lubrication

Project : DESIGN IV

Doc. No : 10 - 42 10 054 - LO

Rev.No : 01

Type : Philosophyd. Lubricating Oil Treatment

e. Lubricating Oil Circulating Tanks and Gravity Tanks

f. Filling and Suction Lines

- for valves which are kept closed during normal operation.

-

g. Filters

A suitable emergency lubricating oil supply (e.g. gravity tank) is to be arranged for machinery which may be damaged in case of interuption of lubricating oil supply.


Equipment necessary for adequate treatment of lubricating oil is to be provided (purifiers, automatic back-flushing filters, filters, free-jet centrifuges). In the case of auxiliary engines running on heavy fuel which are supplied from a common lubricating oil tank, suitable equipment is to be fitted to ensure that in case of failure of the common lubricating oil treatment system or ingress of fuel or cooling water into the lubricating oil circuit, the auxiliary engines required to safeguard the power supply.

Where an engine lubricating oil circulation tank extend to the double bottom shell plating on ships for which a double bottom is required in the engine room, shutt-off valves are to be fitted in the drain pipes between engine casing and circulating tank. These valves are to be capable of being closed from a level above the lower platform. The suction connections of lubricating oil pumps are to be located as far as possible from drain pipes. Gravity tanks are to be fitted with an overflow pipe which leads to the circulating tank. Arrangements are to be made for observing the flow of excess oil in the overflow pipe.

Filling and suction lines of lubricating oil tanks with a capacity of 500 liter and more located above the double bottom and from which in case of their damage lubricating oil may leak, are to be fitted directly on the tanks with shut-off devices. The remote operation of shut-off valve may be dispensed with:

where an unintended operation of a quick closing valve would endager the safe operation of the main propulsion plant or essential auxilliary machinery.

Lubricating oil filter are to be fitted in the delivery line of the lubricating oil pumps. Mesh size and filter capacity are to be in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer of the engine. Uninterrupted supply of filtered lubricating oil has to be ensured under cleaning conditions of the filter equipment. In case of automatic back-flushing filters it is to be ensured that a failure of the automatic back-flushing will not lead to a total loss of filtration. Engine for the exclusive operation of emergency generators and emergency fire pumps may be fitted with simplex filters. For protection of the lubricating oil pumps simplex filters may be installed on the suction side of the pump if they have a minimum mesh size of 100 µ.

: DESIGN IV: 10 - 42 10 054 - LO: 01: Philosophy

This document purpose is to determine the technical specification of engine lubricating system.

Lubricating oil system is one of main engine system. Lubricating oil system used to lubricate and cooled the motion part in engine. Lubricating oil for a marine diesel engine achieves two objectives; it

The oil is taken from the drain tank usually underneath the engine by a screw type pump. It is cooled, filtered and supplied to the engine via the oil inlet pipe or inlet rail at a pressure of about 4 bar. On a medium speed 4 stroke engine the oil is supplied to the main bearings through drillings in the engine frame to the crankshaft main bearings. Drillings in the crankshaft then take the oil to the crankpin or bottom end bearings. The oil is then led up the connecting rod to the piston or gudgeon pin and from there to the piston cooling before returning to the crankcase. Oil is also supplied to lubricate the rocker gear operating the inlet and exhaust valves, and to the camshaft and camshaft drive. The oil then drains from the crankcase into the drain tank or sump. The oil in the drain tank is being constantly circulated through a centrifugal purifier. This is to remove any water and products of combustion plus

The cylinder liner must be lubricated as well. This is so there will be a film of oil between the piston rings and the liner and also so that any acid produced by combustion of the fuel is neutralised by the oil and does not cause corrosion. Some of this lubrication will be supplied by so called "splash lubrication" which is the oil splashed up into the liner by the rotating crankshaft. However larger medium speed marine diesel engines also use separate pumps to supply oil under pressure to the cylinder liner. The oil is led through drillings onto the liner surface where grooves distribute it circumferentially around the liner, and the piston rings spread it up and down the surface of the liner. A pre lub pump is sometimes fitted especially to engines where the main pump is engine driven. This pump is electrically driven and circulates oil around the engine prior to starting.

The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in the engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a


Sump tank planned as the recommendation of engine maker has a volume of 0.91 m3

Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operation

The system oil tank is usually located beneath the engine foundation. The tank may not protrude under the reduction gear or generator , and it must also be symmetrical in transverse direction under the engine. The location must further be such that the lubricating oil is not cooled down below normal operating temperature. Suction height is especially important with engine driven lubricating oil pump.

The sludge tank should be located directly beneath the separators, or as close as possible below the separators, unless it is integrated in the separator unit. The sludge pipe must be continuously falling.

To meet the debit on its recommendation by the engine maker, so the selected pump is type screw pump. Main engine that used in this design using engine driven main LO pump, with capacity that

The separators should preferably be of a type with controlled discharge of the bowl to minimize the lubricating oil losses. The service throughput Q [l/h] of the separator can be estimated with the

A butterfly valve is a valve which can be used for isolating or regulating flow. The closing mechanism takes the form of a disk, which allows for quick shut off. Butterfly valve are generally favored because they are lower in cost to other valve designs as well as being lighter in weight, meaning less support is required. Used for stop valve only, for low working pressure. In this system, butterfly valve used in order before the pump, and as a connecting to another equipment to make a standby function. Below


Has same function with globe valve, working in very high pressure and just has one-way direction. Usually this valve is used in order after the pump and another lines that the fluids shall

Hyraulic filters are very useful for removing solid contamination from lube and fuel oil system of marine machinery. Withous filters in the lube or fuel oil system, the machinery internal parts, bearing, piston, rings, liners etc. can get damaged, which will result in inefficient working of the machinery. In this system will be used Centrifugal Filter. These filters work on the principal of centrifugal force removing high density fluids and impurity from the oil. It is normally used for lube oil systems. Most of the auxiliary engines have attaced centrifugal filters. The example will

Lubricating oil system are to be so constructed to ensure reliable lubrication over the whole range of speed and during run-down of the engines and to ensure adequate heat transfer.

Where necessary, priming pumps are to be provided for supplying lubricating oil to the engines.

: DESIGN IV

: 10 - 42 10 054 - LO

: 01

: Philosophy

A suitable emergency lubricating oil supply (e.g. gravity tank) is to be arranged for machinery which

Equipment necessary for adequate treatment of lubricating oil is to be provided (purifiers, automatic back-flushing filters, filters, free-jet centrifuges). In the case of auxiliary engines running on heavy fuel which are supplied from a common lubricating oil tank, suitable equipment is to be fitted to ensure that in case of failure of the common lubricating oil treatment system or ingress of fuel or cooling water into the lubricating oil circuit, the auxiliary engines required to safeguard the power supply.

Where an engine lubricating oil circulation tank extend to the double bottom shell plating on ships for which a double bottom is required in the engine room, shutt-off valves are to be fitted in the drain pipes between engine casing and circulating tank. These valves are to be capable of being closed from a level above the lower platform. The suction connections of lubricating oil pumps are to be located as far as possible from drain pipes. Gravity tanks are to be fitted with an overflow pipe which leads to the circulating tank. Arrangements are to be made for observing the flow of excess oil in the overflow

Filling and suction lines of lubricating oil tanks with a capacity of 500 liter and more located above the double bottom and from which in case of their damage lubricating oil may leak, are to be fitted directly on the tanks with shut-off devices. The remote operation of shut-off valve may be dispensed

where an unintended operation of a quick closing valve would endager the safe operation of the

Lubricating oil filter are to be fitted in the delivery line of the lubricating oil pumps. Mesh size and filter capacity are to be in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer of the engine. Uninterrupted supply of filtered lubricating oil has to be ensured under cleaning conditions of the filter equipment. In case of automatic back-flushing filters it is to be ensured that a failure of the automatic back-flushing will not lead to a total loss of filtration. Engine for the exclusive operation of emergency generators and emergency fire pumps may be fitted with simplex filters. For protection of the lubricating oil pumps simplex filters may be installed on the suction side of the pump if they have a

SPECIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

1. LIST OF CODE/ REFERENCES USED- ABS Rules and Regulation- Wartsilla 8L32 - Project Guide- Roy L Harrington, Marine Engineering

2. CALCULATION ALGORITHM- Calculation of LO Storage Tank volume- Calculation of Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacity- Calculation of Cylinder Oil Storage Tank volume- Calculation of Lubricating Oil Separator capacity- Selection of Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by- Calculation of Lubricating Separator pump- Calculation of Heating on Separating System

3. INPUT DESIGN PARAMETER- Calculation of LO Storage Tank volume

n = Total cylinderSLOC = Specify Lubricating Oil Consumption

S = RadiusVs = Service Velocity

- Calculation of Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacityQ = Pump capacityv = LO flow velocity

- Calculation of Cylinder Oil Storage Tank volumeP = BHP of Engine

SLOC = Specify Lubricating Oil ConsumptionS = RadiusVs = Service Velocity

- Calculation of Lubricating Oil Separator capacityP = Engine Outputn = Number of through-flows tank volume per day : 5 for HFO, 4 for MDO.t = Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operation

- Selection of Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by - Calculation of Lubricating Separator pump

Q = Pump capacityv = LO flow velocity

- Calculation of installation in Engine roomhs = Head statichp = Head pressurehv = Head of velocity

- Calculation head on suction lineMajor losses = Head because length of suction line

Minor losses = Head because accessories on suction line - Calculation head on discharge line

Major losses: = Head because length of discharge lineMinor losses : = Head because accessories on discharge line

- Calculation of Heating on Separating SystemQ = Capacity of the lubricating separator pump (l / h)ΔT = Temperature rise in heater [° C]


4. OUTPUT DESIGN PARAMETER- LO Storage Tank volume- Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacity- Cylinder Oil Storage Tank volume- Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by Specification- Lubricating Oil Separator capacity- Lubricating Separator pump head and capacity- Heating Power on Separating System

5. CALCULATION DETAILSBHP mcr : 4000 kW

: 5364 HPCylinders : 8 Cyl

Vs : 14.3 Knot 13.0

7.36 m / s 6.687Endurance : 12 days 8

: 288 hours 192SFOC : 185 gr/kWhSLOC : 0.5 gr/kWh

Depend on engine Project Guide Wartsilla 8L32

a. Calculation of LO Sump Tank volumeWLO = BHP x LOC x ENDURANCE x 1.2 x10-6

= 4000 x 0.5 x (12 x 24) x 1,2 x 10-6 = 0.4608 ton

VLO = ρ LO = 0.917= 0,234 / 0.9

= 0.503

b. Calculation of Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacity (Engine Driven)

Q = 105 m3/h= 0.0291667 m3/s

v = 2 m/s

WLO/ρ

m³

The engine was used in the design this time using engine driven main lubricating oil pump, with a capacity of which has been determined by the Wartsilla 8L32.


Main PumpMerk :

Calculation of pipe diameter Type :Q = A x v RPM :

= (πx D2/a) x v Capacity :D = √(4 x Q/ π x v) Head :

= 0.136 m Power := 136.29928 mm

Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSI B36Inside diameter = 154.08 mm

Thickness = 7.11 mmOutside diameter = 168.3 mmNominal pipe size = 150 mm

c. Calculation of Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by capacity (Engine Driven)

Q = 95 m3/h= 0.0263889 m3/s

v = 2 m/s

Calculation of pipe diameter Q = A x v

= (πx D2/a) x vD = √(4 x Q/ π x v)

= 0.130 m= 129.64648 mm

Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSI B36

Inside diameter = 129.75 mm

Thickness = 6.6 mm

Outside diameter = 141.3 mm

Nominal pipe size = 125 mm

Schedule = 40

stand-by pump

Merk : IRON PUMP

Type : ON-V 100/10

RPM : 850 rpm

Capacity : 115 m3/h

Head : 20 m

Power : 20.5 HP

15.293 kW

d. Calculation of Lubricating Oil Separator capacity

Where :

The engine was used in the design this time using engine driven main lubricating oil pump, with a capacity of which has been determined by the Wartsilla 8L32.

Q = Volume of Flow

P = Engine Output

n = Number of through-flows tank volume per day : 5 for HFO, 4 for MDO.

t = Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operation


So,Q = (1.35 x 3480 x 5) / 24

= 1125.00 l/h 1.125 m3/hv = 2.00 m/s

LO Separator with specification :Brand = Alva LavalType = SU 200Q max = 1500 l/hSupply Volt = 440 V

e. Calculation of Lubricating Separator pumpQ = A x v

= (πx D2/4) x vD = √(4 x Q/ π x v)

= 0.0188 m= 18.81 mm

Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSIS B36-10Inside diameter = 20.9 mmThickness = 2.9 mmOutside diameter = 26.7 mmNominal pipe size = 20 mmSchedule = 40

Calculation of installation in engine roomHead statis pump (ha) = 0.9 mHead by pressure( hp) = 1 - 4 bar

= 3 bar= 3 m

Head by velocity (hv), velocity between suction side and discharge side:hv = (22-22) x 1/2g

= 0 m

Calculation of head losses at the suction pipeHead due to friction in the suction pipeReynold number (Rn) :Viscosity = 105.25 cst

= 0.00010525 m2/s

Calculation diameter from pump :ds = 154.08 mmRn = (Vs x ds) / n

= (2 x (0.0154))/0.00011= 245.45455

then the flow is : laminer use the formula Re/64so that it can be seen friction losses (l) = 0.0232450675

Mayor losses (hf) = f x L x v2 / ( D x 2g)Pipe length (L) suction side i= 3.2 mMayor losses (hf) =

= 0.099 m0.02369 x 3,2 x 2² / (0.0135 x 2 x 9.8)

Minor losses (head because of the accessories that exist on the pipe)No type N k n x k

1 2 0.57 1.142 Filter 1 1.5 1.53 Butterfly Valve 1 0.86 0.86

Total 3.5

Elbow 90o


Minor Losses (hl) = k total x v2 / (2g)= 3,5 x 22 / (2 x 9.8)= 0.7142857m

Calculation of head at the discharge pipeHead due to friction in the discharge pipeReynold number (Rn) :Viscosity = 105.25 cst

= 0.0001053 m2/sRn = (Vs x ds) / n

= (2 x (0.0154))/0.00011= 245.45455

then the flow is laminer use the formula Re/64so that it can be seen friction losses (l) = 0.0213921958Mayor losses (hf) = f x L x v2 / ( D x 2g)Pipe length (L) discharge side = 3.2 m

Mayor losses (hf) = 0.0214 x 3,2 x 22 / (0.0135 x 2 x 9.8)= 1.0348454 m

Minor losses (head because of the accessories that exist on the pipe)

No Type N k n x k

1 1 0.57 0.57

2 Gate valve 2 0.86 1.72

3 NRV 0 1.5 04 Safety Valve 0 2.5 05 Conjunction T 0 1.14 0

Total 2.29Minor Losses (hl) = k total x v2 / (2g)

= 2,29 x 22 / (2 x 9.8)= 0.2918367 m

Calculation of total headTotal head losses (Hl) = hs + hv + hp + hf1 + hl1 + hf2 + hl2

= 0,9 + 3 + 0 + 0,114 + 0.714 + 1,03485 + 0,292= 6.04 m

so, we can choose pump with specification :Merk : IRON PUMPType : ON :1RPM : 850 rpm

Capacity : 1.5Head : 20 mPower : 0.400 HP

f. Calculation of Heating on Separating System

Fuel temperature difference (ΔT) =

= 10P =

1700

Elbow 90o

m3/h

Initial temperature of 750C and increased to 850C0C

Q x ΔT

Which :P = Heater capacity (kW) Q = Capacity of the lubricating separator pump (l / h)ΔT = Temperature rise in heater [° C]


P == (2700 x 10) / 1700= 8.824 kW

so, we can choose heater with specification :Merk heater : AALBORGType : Electric Vesta™EH-20Capacity : 12 kW

g. Calculation of Pre-Lubricating Oil Pump (electric motor Driven)

Q = 21.6 m3/h (50 Hz)= 0.006 m3/s

v = 2 m/s

Calculation of pipe diameter Q = A x v

= (πx D2/a) x vD = √(4 x Q/ π x v)

= 0.062 m= 61.819544 mm

Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSI B36Inside diameter = 63.9 mm

Thickness = 5.2 mmOutside diameter = 73 mmNominal pipe size = 2.5 inch

pre-lubricating oil pumpMerk : IRON PUMPType : ON:V-9RPM : 850 rpmCapacity : 23 m3/hHead : 20 mPower : 3.5 HP

2.611 kW

(Q x ΔT)/1700

The pre-lubricating oil pump is an electric motor driven gear pump equipped with a safety valve. The pumpshould always be running, when the engine is stopped. Concerning flow rate and pressure of the pre-lubricatingoil pump, see Technical data.

Project : DESIGN IVDoc. No : 10 - 42 10 054 - LORev. No : 2Page : 01

= Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operation


ton/m3

The engine was used in the design this time using engine driven main lubricating oil pump, with a capacity of which has been


IRON PUMPON-V 100/10

850 rpm115 m3/h20 m

20.5 HP15.293 kW

The engine was used in the design this time using engine driven main lubricating oil pump, with a capacity of which has been

Number of through-flows tank volume per day : 5 for HFO, 4 for MDO.

Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operation


Initial temperature of 750C and increased to 850C


The pre-lubricating oil pump is an electric motor driven gear pump equipped with a safety valve. The pumpshould always be running, when the engine is stopped. Concerning flow rate and pressure of the pre-lubricating

lubricating oil

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