lubrizol atf

© 2009 The Lubrizol Corporation

Automatic Transmission Fluids

08-27-03 AT100-001


Automatic Transmission Fluids Agenda

• Function and Formulation of ATF• AT Market Drivers• AT Designs• North American OEM Updates• Summary

08-12-08 ATTemp-009


MechanicsAutomatic Transmission Technology

AT101-041

or torque converter

Driveline image courtesy of www.HowStuffWorks.com

10-30-08


MechanicsAutomatic Transmission Technology

AT101-04202-10-09

Automatic Transmission Components and How they Work

Reproduced by kind permission of ZF Friedrichshafen AG

Torque Converter

Hydraulic System


Function of ATF

AT102-00310-30-08

ATF Performance

-ANTI-SHUDDER-OXIDATIVE STABILITY-COMPONENT COMPATIBILITY


Formulation of an ATF

05-21-07 AT103-014

Base Fluid

VM

PerformanceAdditive

Higher severityNo Group I base oils allowed!Group II, II+ and III base oilsPredominately Group II+ & III

Shear stability

Next generation performanceShudder resistant


Formulation of an ATFTypical Automatic Transmission Fluid

08-12-08 AT103-002

Component % Volume Trend

Additive package

Friction modifiers

Oxidation inhibitors

Detergents/dispersants

Corrosion inhibitors

Anti-wear

Seal swell agents

Anti-foam

10-12 %

Friction Durability/ Shudder Resistance

Sludge Resistance

Oxidation Resistance/Friction

Shudder Resistance

Decreased Gear Wear

Better Seal Compatibility

Viscosity modifier 3 – 8 % Very Shear Stable

Base oil 80 – 90% Group II & III base oils; Better Low Temp

Red dye 250 PPM Red Dye


Formulation of an ATFLubrizol Friction Modifier Systems

AT103-016

Type Low Static Friction

(Traditional)

High Static Friction

(LZ Generation III)

Properties: Low static μ Higher surface saturation

More thermally stable

Advantages: Controls green friction Friction durability

Excellent anti-shudder

Excellent torque capacity

Simplistic Structure:

02-10-09

Two-tail structure saturates surface; leads to higher static friction


Formulation of an ATFDialing in the Correct Friction Performance

AT103-01702-10-09

FM 3

FM 1A FM 1

FM 4

FM 6

FM

2

Det

erge

nt

Medium Static Friction & Stability

High Static DurabilityHigh Static

Friction

Anti-shudder Durability

Low StaticDurability

Low Static & TorqueConverter Shudder

FrictionStability

LOW µ

HIGH µ

FM 5

Running in & Shift Quality

Mixtures of high μ and low μ are customized for a variety of friction materials.


ATF Market Trends

02-28-03 AT116--001


Market Trends of ATFMarket Drivers

05-21-07 AT116-042

• Fuel economy • Transmission requirements becoming

more demanding− Increased driver comfort & reliability

• Reduced maintenance costs− Fill for life fluids


Market Trends of ATFCAFE Cost to OEM

08-12-08 AT116-043

• Heightened pressure to increase light-duty CAFE− CAFE is sales –weighted average

fuel economy rating− 27.5 mpg for passenger car *− 22.2 mpg for light duty trucks *

• Each 0.1 mpg over CAFE limit carries $5.50 fine per vehicle

1.0 mpg…..$55 per vehicle *

* www.nhtsa.dot.gov


Market Trends of ATFFuel Economy Contribution of AT

• Design a more efficient transmission− Lighter− More aggressive lock-up (ECCC)− Utilize a lower viscosity fluid

• Operates at its most efficient gear ratios− 6 & 7 Speed transmission− CVT or IVT− AMT− DCT

10-30-08 AT116-044


Market Trends of ATFLow Viscosity Fluids

• Typical ATF− 7.0 – 7.5 cSt @ 100° C

• Low viscosity ATF− 5.5 – 6.0 cSt @ 100° C

• Theoretical Gain = 0.1 mpg• Small change for driver, but significant for CAFE

08-12-08 AT116-045


Automatic Transmission Fluids Two Main Product Types

05-21-07 ATTemp-017

Standard Viscosity (>6.8 cSt)

− Chrysler ATF+4− Ford Mercon V− Toyota T-IV− Honda Z-1− Nissan Matic-J

Low Viscosity (5.5 – 6.5 cSt)

− MB NAG-2− Ford Mercon SP− Ford LV− GM Dexron-VI− Toyota WS


Market Trends of ATF Automatic Transmission Designs are ChangingMarket Driver – Reduced Emissions and Improved Fuel Economy

09-28-05 AT116-020

20026-Speed

Conventional Automatic

Transmission (AT)

Mid 1990’sBelt Drive

Continuously Variable Transmission

(CVT)

1948 - Present Conventional or

Stepped Transmission

(AT)

2004Dual Clutch

Transmission(DCT)

• Conventional Stepped Automatics− Lock-up AT − More available speeds (6 & 7 Speed)

• Continuously Variable Transmissions• Automated Manuals

− Dual Clutch


75

80

85

90

95

100

% E

ffic

ien

cy

Market Trends of ATF Transmission Designs Efficiencies

04-08-05 AT116-030

Improving Fuel Economy

AI-May 2002AEI-May 2002


Driveline Hardware, Fluid and Market Driver Overview

Estimated Global Market Share (%) for Transmission Types

Overview of Driveline Components

Transmission Type

2005 2010 2015 Geographic Region

MT 50 47 43Europe, China,

India

AT 46 41 37North America

Japan and Korea

CVT < 1 6 7 Asia Pacific

DCT <1 4 10 Europe

AMT 2 2 3 Europe

02-10-09 AT116-060


Formulation of an ATFUnique Automatic Transmission Fluid

02-10-09 AT103-002

Component ATF CVT (versus ATF) DCT (versus ATF)

Friction modifiers

Anti-wear

Oxidation inhibitors

Detergent/dispersants

Corrosion inhibitors

Seal swell agents

Anti-foam

Paper on steel

Steel-on-steel (Paper on steel)

EP/AW similar to MTF

Similar to ATF

Need improved anti-foam

Paper on steel but very strong anti-shudder performance for

wet start clutch

EP/AW similar to MTF (synchronizers, more bearings

than ATF)

Viscosity modifier Very high shear stability More shear stable than ATF

Red dye Not included in CVTF Not usually included in DCTF


ATF Specification Update

02-10-09 ATTemp-027

SF and OEM FF


Automatic Transmission Fluids Specification Timeline

10-30-08 ATTemp-028

1957TASA

Type A/B

1960 1970

Type F/G

1967DEXRON

1973DEXRON-IID

1980 2000

1987MERCON

1992Revised

MERCON

1990DEXRON-IIE

1993DEXRON-IIIF

General Motors

Ford1995

MERCON-V

20101950

1997DEXRON-IIIG

1995DEXRON-IV

(never formally released)

2005DEXRON-VI

2003DEXRON-IIIH

2005MERCON-C

2004Upgraded MERCON & MERCON-

VReleased MERCON-SP

2007MERCON LV

1990


General Motors ATF Specifications

Factory Fill (FF) since 2006• DEXRON VI• Low viscosity fluid (6.0 cSt)• Improved low temp

performance, shear, and friction stability

Service Fill (SF)• DEXRON VI

• Obsolete SF Specs− Dex II (sold in Europe and Latin

America)− Dex IIIG (Dec 2006)− Dex IIIH (Dec 2007)

AT110-05308-13-08


Ford Motor ATF Specifications

AT112-03802-10-09

Factory Fill (FF) since 2007• MERCON LV

− Low viscosity fluid (6.0 cSt)− Improved low temp

performance, shear and friction stability

Service Fill (SF)• MERCON LV (FWD)• MERCON V

− Each additive supplier allowed single DI

− Lubrizol 9680 series• MERCON SP

− RWD 5 and 6 speed

• Obsolete SF Specs− MERCON (July 1, 2007)


Chrysler ATF Specifications

10-30-08 AT115-022

Factory Fill (FF) since 2003• ATF+4

Service Fill (SF)• MOPAR ATF+4

− Lubrizol 3300A− All major oil marketers

• Certification through program testing

• Obsolete SF specs− ATF+3 (2006)


Asia-Pacific OEM Highlights

Toyota

ATF: T-IV (4/5 speed ATs, 7 cSt)

WS (6 speed ATs, 5.5 cSt)

CVTF: TC

Honda

ATF: Z-1 (7 cSt)

CVTF: HMMF

NissanATF: Matic J (7 cSt)

CVTF: NS-2

DCTF: new

HyundaiATF: SP-III (7 cSt)

CVTF: coming

MistubishiATF: SP-III (7 cSt)

CVTF: SP-III

08-13-08 AT122-033


European OEM Highlights

Volkswagen-Audi Group (VAG)

ATF: LT71141 (5-speed ZF, 7 cSt)

1375.4 (6-speed ZF, 6.5 cSt)

DCTF: Direct Shift Gearbox (DSG)

DaimlerBenz

ATF: NAG-2 V-sport (6.5 cSt)

BMWATF: 1375.4 (6-speed ZF, 6.5 cSt)

DCTF: Getrag transmission

08-13-08 AT122-034


Lubrizol SF ATFs

02-10-09 AT124-047

Dex IID Dex III MerconOld

Merc VCcurrent Merc V

ZF/Voith /MAN

JASO

Zone 1

9636G

9678

9680

9684

Zone 2

7907

9679

Zone 4

1067

9636G

9678


Market Trends of ATFSummary of Global ATF Trends

08-12-08 AT116-053

• Improved fuel economy and reduced emissions are driving transmissions trends toward higher efficiency transmission options− Asia Pacific region: CVT − Europe: AMT/DCT− North America: 6-Speed AT

• The most recent transmission requirements suggest that specialized fluids will be required in the future− Lower viscosity, higher shear stability, and improved

anti-wear performance− Better low temperature properties− Increased oxidation performance− Extended anti-shudder durability


Market Trends of ATFSummary of Global ATF Trends

08-12-08 AT116-057

• Transmission applications are changing with consumer demand

• Expect the proliferation of ATFs to continue well into the future as fluids are tailored to the specific transmission design to enable maximum gains in system performance

• Many OEM’s moving toward “genuine fluid” approach

• Oil marketers looking for simplified product lines to meet a range of AT applications. Lubrizol will provide our customers with a range of products to meet their increasingly rigorous requirements.

lubrizol atf

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higher static friction

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formulation of atf