ludgershall conservation statement

7/27/2019 Ludgershall Conservation Statement

1/32

CONSULTATION

DRAFT 1.1(circulated to Site Team)

LUDGERSHALL CASTLE

CONSERVATION STATEMENT

AMANDA CHADBURNINSPECTOR OF ANCIENT MONUMENTS

ENGLISH HERITAGE

March 2002


2/32

CONTENTS

1. Introduction 3-x

2. History descri!tion and !"asin# xxxxxx-$

3. Si#ni%icance xxxxxx13-1&

&. O'ners"i! and le#al status xxxxxx

. Current situation xxxxxx-12

*. +escri!tion o% land !arcels

$. ,ecent 'or and studies xxxxxxx

. O!!ortunities and issues xxxxxxxx

. /olicies xxxxxxx1-1$

10. Summary

cno'led#ements xxxxxx

urt"er readin# xxxxxx1

!!endices Contents xxxxxxxxx

4a!s xxxxxx1-2$

2


3/32

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Backgro!"

T"is Conser5ation Statement "as 6een !re!ared 6y En#lis" Herita#e !artly as ares!onse to an undertain# to t"e +e!artment o% Culture 4edia and S!ort to !roduce

conser5ation !lans or statements %or all its !ro!erties 6y !ril 2002. T"e Statement

"as also 6een !roduced 6ecause o% t"e need to esta6lis" t"e si#ni%icance o%

7ud#ers"all Castle in ad5ance o% re!air 'or . It is intended to #uide t"e %uture

maintenance and de5elo!ment o% t"e site.

It s"ould 6e em!"asised t"at t"is is 5ery muc" a conser5ation statement not a %ull

!lan. Ot"er 'or commitments "a5e !re5ented t"e aut"or %rom s!endin# as muc"

time on t"is statement as t"e site deser5es. S"ould any lar#e scale !ro!osals arise

'"ic" 'ould a%%ect t"e castle t"en a %ull Conser5ation /lan 'ill certainly 6e needed.

T"is statement sim!ly !resents t"e main conser5ation needs o% t"e monument.

It does not tae into account '"at resources are a5aila6le to !ut t"e recommendations

and !olicies into !lace8 t"ese are decisions %or mana#ement to mae.

1.2 Th# $o!$#!%

7ud#ers"all Castle com!rises t"e remains o% a medie5al royal castle and "untin#

lod#e and is situated in east 9ilts"ire on t"e ed#e o% t"e medie5al "untin# %orests o%

C"ute and Sa5ernae. It com!rises t'o con:oined eart"'or enclosures lyin# on t"e

nort" side o% t"e current 7ud#ers"all to'n 6ot" 'it" lar#e dou6le 6ans and ditc"es.

9it"in t"e nort"ern enclosure stand t"e %oundations o% medie5al 6uildin#s exca5ated

6et'een 1*&-$2 and t"e remains o% a lar#e t"ree-storied to'er '"ic" "as sur5i5ed

since t"e medie5al !eriod. T"e sout"ern enclosure is liely to re!resent t"e remains o%

an Iron #e rin#'or or "ill%ort '"ic" 'as reused '"en t"e castle 'as %ounded.

%urt"er smaller eart"'or runs %rom t"e sout"-east !art o% t"e monument to'ards t"e

to'n and "as 6een inter!reted as t"e remains o% a %urt"er enclosure o% t"e castle. T"e

castle 'as in disre!air and ruinous 6y t"e 1&0s and a modern %arm no' exists 'it"in

t"e monument.

1.& Th# #'ca(a%)o!*

In t"e early 1*0s t"e +e!artment o% t"e En5ironment 6e#an to clear some %arm

6uildin#s %rom !arts o% t"e castle and exca5ations 'ere concei5ed as a met"od o%

tryin# to mae t"e castle intelli#i6le to t"e !u6lic. T"ere "ad 6een no !re5ious

exca5ations. T"e !ro:ect 'as set 'it"in a 'ider researc" %rame'or 6y t"e ,oyal

rc"aeolo#ical Institute '"ic" "ad 6een set u! to ex!lore t"e ori#in and

de5elo!ment o% t"e En#lis" castle. Exca5ations 'ere undertaen !rinci!ally as a

Sout"am!ton ;ni5ersity exca5ation s!onsored 6y t"e Ins!ectorate o% ncient

4onuments o% t"e +e!artment o% t"e En5ironment. Exca5ations 'ere undertaen

6et'een 1*&-$2 under t"e direction o% /eter ddyman.

rc"aeolo#ists unco5ered a series o% 6uildin#s datin# %rom t"e C12-C1& includin#!art o% Henry III


4/32

successi5e in#s and >ueens in t"e nort"ern o% t"e t'o 7ud#ers"all enclosures.

limeiln 6read o5en and ot"er ser5ice structures 'ere exca5ated in t"e sout"ern

enclosure. si#ni%icant collection o% %inds 'ere exca5ated re5ealin# t"e la5is"

li%estyles and 'ealt" o% t"e occu!ants and t"e resources s!ent in constructin# and

maintainin# it.

1.+ Th# co!%#$,orar- *#%%)!g

T"e modern to'n o% 7ud#ers"all lies on o!en c"alland on t"e eastern ed#e o% t"e

Salis6ury /lain Trainin# rea. T"e castle is located on t"e nort" o% t"e to'n at S;

2*&13 and alt"ou#" t"e #round rises sli#"tly "ere t"ere are no o65ious ad5anta#es

o% t"e site to ex!lain its location. /er"a!s t"is %act #i5es more credence to t"e !ro!osal

t"at t"e sout" enclosure is !re"istoric as a !re-existin# rin#'or or "ill%ort 'ould

!ro5ide an o65ious c"oice o% location %or a medie5al castle.

E5erson (in Ellis 2000 10&-11&) sets out t"e de5elo!ment o% t"e castle in relation to

t"e to'n '"ic" ex!lains its location on t"e nort"ern side o% t"e to'n 6et'een t'omedie5al !ars Sout" /ar and Nort" /ar.

T"e Salis6ury /lain Trainin# rea exists immediately to t"e east and nort" o% t"e

=uardians"i! site alt"ou#" t"eir land "ere is ?Sc"edule 1@ land not currently used

%or military trainin# 6ut %armland '"ic" acts as a 6u%%er 6et'een t"e military

trainin# areas and t"e ci5ilian !o!ulation.

T"e small to'n o% 7ud#ers"all exists to t"e sout" o% t"e site.

1. S$$ar- o/ S)g!)/)ca!c#

4ore o% a "untin# lod#e t"an a %ortress 7ud#ers"all is no'n to "a5e 6een in royal

"ands 6y t"e early t'el%t" century and to "a5e 6een a %a5ourite residence o% Henry III

(rei#ned 121*-12$2). It 'as in royal o'ners"i! %or many years 6ut #radually %ell out

o% %a5our and 'as ruinous 6y t"e 1&0s '"en 5isited 6y Ao"n 7eland.

T"e site includes t"e remains o% a rare royal C13 residence includin# a royal "all

'"ic" a!!ears to "a5e 6een im!ortant in t"e arc"itectural transition %rom !late to 6ar

tracery in 'indo's.

T"e site also includes t"e remains o% im!ortant and 'ell-!reser5ed eart"'ors someo% '"ic" are medie5al and some '"ic" are liely to date to t"e Iron #e !eriod.

T"ese are t"ere%ore im!ortant 6ot" in t"eir o'n ri#"t and %or t"e study o% t"e reuse o%

!re"istoric eart"'ors in t"e medie5al !eriod a !"enomenon '"ic" a!!ears

es!ecially !re5alent in 9ilts"ire.

2.0 HISTOR DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND PHASING

2.1 H)*%or)ca *orc#*

T"e %irst documentary re%erence '"ic" !ro6a6ly re%ers to this7ud#ers"all rat"er t"anot"ers in En#land is dated 101 '"en a land"oldin# at 7ud#ers"all o% t"ree "ides

&


5/32

!assed %rom its t"en o'ner et"elin# et"elstan to =od'ine t"e +ri5eller. It is

!ossi6le t"ere%ore t"at some Saxon acti5ity mi#"t 6e unco5ered at some sta#e in t"e

castle (!er"a!s in or around t"e sout"ern enclosure) alt"ou#" t"ere is no

arc"aeolo#ical e5idence as yet to su!!ort t"is.

T"e %irst %orti%ied residence at t"e castle 'as !ro6a6ly t"at o% Ed'ard t"e S"erri%% alsono'n as Ed'ard o% Salis6ury '"o "eld it at t"e time o% +omesday in 10* and

t"ere is some arc"aeolo#ical e5idence to su!!ort a structure o% t"is date in t"e

nort"ern enclosure.

+ocumentary e5idence s"o's t"at t"e castle 'as %irst 6ecame Cro'n !ro!erty around

1100 (Henry I 'as datin# documents ?at 7ort#arsal@ in 1103) and it 'as enlar#ed and

maintained 6y successi5e monarc"s and o'ners o5er t"e next 300 years.

T"e "istory o% t"e 6uildin#s and landsca!e are 'ell documented and muc" o% t"e

e5idence is !u6lis"ed 6y ddyman and Bi#"tly (in Ellis 2000 11-1) to '"ic" t"e

reader is re%erred. T"e reader is also re%erred to t'o additional texts (Ste5enson 128CH 9ilts"ire 1 11-3) '"ic" co5er t"e same su6:ect.

i#ure DDD re!roduced "ere %rom Ellis 2000 2&& i#ure 1$ sets t"e main "istoric

e5ents a#ainst t"e arc"aeolo#ical e5idence.

Dxxxxxxxxxxxxx %i# 1$


6/32

2.2. D#%a)#" "#*cr),%)o!

2.2.1 Or)g)!*

ield'or 6y t"e ,CH4E in 1 (ro'n and o'den 18 Ellis 2000)esta6lis"ed t"e !ossi6ility t"at t"e sout"ern enclosure 'as ori#inally a

!re"istoric "ill%ort or rin#'or to '"ic" t"e medie5al nort"ern enclosure 'as

added t"e t'o enclosures t"en %ormin# 6aileys o% t"e medie5al castle o%

7ud#ers"all. /re5iously ddyman "ad considered t"at t"e eart"'ors 'ere o%

t"e same date. It is 5ery interestin# to note in t"is re#ard t"at t"e nearest

medie5al castles at Old Sarum and 4arl6orou#" and also sited on !re"istoric

eart"'ors (in an Iron #e "ill%ort and utilisin# '"at is almost certainly a

lar#e Neolit"ic mound res!ecti5ely8 t"e near6y royal medie5al site o%

Clarendon /alace too may "a5e utilised !re-existin# eart"'ors).

Some ,omano-ritis" !ottery 'as %ound durin# t"e exca5ations 6y ddyman(Ellis 2000 !a#eDDDD) indicatin# some %orm o% acti5ity in t"e area at t"at

time.

T"ere is no arc"aeolo#ical e5idence to su!!ort Saxon acti5ity at t"e Castle

alt"ou#" t"ere is some documentary e5idence %rom t"is !eriod relatin# to t"e

land "oldin# o% 7ud#ers"all.

2.2.2 Th# M#")#(a Ca*%#

T"e #rass-#ro'n de%ences o% 7ud#ers"all Castle #i5e little clue to t"eir %ormer

a!!earance. Exca5ation in t"e 1*0s s"o'ed t"at todayuite di%%erent %rom t"eir ori#inal smoot"-

%ronted a!!earance.

T"e castle may "a5e 6een %irst 6uilt durin# t"e early Norman !eriod alt"ou#"

t"ere is de6ate as to exactly '"en t"e nort"ern enclosure 'as added to t"e

!re"istoric eart"'ors. One model su##ests t"is 'as early in t"e !ost-

Con>uest !eriod8 anot"er t"at t"ey 'ere constructed as a !art o% a desi#ned

landsca!e c.11$-1200 (E5erson in Ellis 2000 11).

T"e castle 'as once a !lace o% clear im!ortance. t some time durin# t"e

5ery early 12t" Century it castle came into t"e "ands o% t"e Cro'n. It 'as laterado!ted 6y Bin# Ao"n (rei#ned11-121*) as a use%ul sto!!in# !oint on t"e

*


7/32

road to t"e 'est country. Ao"n !ro6a6ly !ro5ided 7ud#ers"all 'it" t"e stron#

to'er '"ose remains are t"e most cons!icuous %eature o% t"e site today.

Ao"n


8/32

5ie'ed on t"e le5el #round o% Nort" /ar. y contrast t"e Sout" /ar a!!ears

to "a5e 6een a more ty!ical detac"ed "untin# !ar.

T"e near6y medie5al "untin# %orests o% C"ute and Sa5ernae alon# 'it" t"e

muc" nearer Sout" and Nort" /ars !ro5ide t"e immediate settin# %or t"e

Castle and underline t"e im!ortance o% "untin# as a leisure acti5ity %or t"eroyal o'ners o% t"e Castle.

2.2.+ Th# #'ca(a%)o!* 134+562

T"ree areas 'ere exca5ated one in t"e nort"ern enclosure and t'o in t"e

sout"ern. 6road se>uence o% e5ents 'as re5ealed '"ic" is %ully detailed in

Ellis 2000 to '"ic" t"e reader is re%erred %or more in%ormation.

i#ure 1.& (Ellis 2000) re!roduced "ere sets out t"e areas '"ic" 'ere

exca5ated.


9/32

2.2. Th# Gr#a% To7#r 8B)")!g 119

T"is 6uildin# (sometimes re%erred to as t"e ee!) 'as t"e only sur5i5in#

a6o5e-#round masonry %rom t"e castle until t"e exca5ations in t"e 1*0s.

T"e ruined to'er "as 6een extensi5ely studied 6y +a5id Stocer (in Ellis

2000 3-1). He concludes t"at t"e =reat To'er may 'ell "a5e 6een

constructed under t"e orders o% Bin# Ao"n c.1200-1210 on t"e %oundations o%

earlier =reat To'ers. Ori#inally 1m "i#" it re!resents a ruined exam!le its

sur5i5al is !oor o% a small 6ut 'ell-detailed =reat To'er o% t"e later C12 or

early C13 ori#inally 'it" stora#e on t"e #round %loor and t'o ma:or domestic

c"am6ers on t"e %irst and second %loors. lt"ou#" secure its main %unction

'as not military8 rat"er it 'as to !ro5ide secure and "i#"->uality c"am6ers %or

t"e royal o'ners at t"e %ar end o% t"e !ri5y c"am6er 6loc. and to act as a

status sym6ol %or t"e same.

2.2.4 H#!r- III:* Gr#a% Ha 8B)")!g 1+9

Henry III ordered t"e construction o% t"e =reat Hall in 4ay 12&& and it 'as

com!leted late in 12&$ to re!lace an older one. #ain it "as 6een extensi5ely

discussed 6y Stocer (in Ellis 2000 1-*). It 'as a care%ully desi#ned

6uildin# 'it" some "i#" >uality car5ed detail as 'ell as 6ein# ela6orately

!ainted. Its scale %or t"is ty!e o% 6uildin# "o'e5er 'as small and intimate.

T"e most striin# %eature 'as its unusual %ull-"ei#"t 'indo's '"ic" "a5e

6een com!letely reconstructed (on !a!er) 6ecause o% t"e extensi5e %ra#ments

reco5ered durin# exca5ation. Ho'e5er t"ere 'ere %la's in its desi#n and

alt"ou#" it sur5i5ed into t"e C1 it 'as e5entually demolis"ed to mae it

sa%e "a5in# "ad a li%e o% around 200 years.

Only !art o% t"e "all "as 6een exca5ated. T"e rest lies 6eneat" t"e #ardens o%

Castle arm and it is liely t"at t"e 6uttery and !antry o% t"e "all are in t"is

area as are t"e t'o #reat !osts ori#inally !ainted to resem6le mar6le '"ic"

su!!orted t"e roo%.

2.2.6 Th# archa#oog)ca arch)(#

lt"ou#" most %inds and t"e arc"i5e is in +e5iGes 4useum some arc"itectural

%ra#ments are alle#edly "eld 6y EH S9 ,e#ion and some %inds are lost.

T"ere is a re%erence to some stone'or 6ein# re6uried in a mared %ilin#

ca6inet on site 6y a AC in t"e S9 sector exca5ation area (rea 1) (eric

4orley "ando5er notes). %ull study s"ould 6e made to ensure t"e location o%

all %inds and t"e !a!er arc"i5e is no'n.

2.& Pha*)!g a!" "a%)!g


10/32

T"e 6road de5elo!ment o% 7ud#ers"all can 6e %ound in Ellis 2000 (111-3 and 2&&-

&) 'it" indi5idual elements o% t"e castle dated in detail 6ecause o% t"e

exca5ations 6et'een 1*&-$2. /a#es 111-& (ibid) !resent t"e 6road !"asin# and

C"a!ter 3 (ibid) t"e detail o% t"e medie5al castle !"asin#. T"e !"asin# set

out 6elo' di%%ers %rom t"at in Ellis as it co5ers all !eriods o% t"e castle


11/32

Pha*# E; c.12005c.1&+0

Bin# Ao"n


12/32

T"e date o% t"e nort"ern enclosure is dis!uted 6ut it could %orm !art o% a desi#ned

landsca!e o% t"e C12 or C13.

&.2 B)")!g*

T"ere are %e' sur5i5in# C13 royal "ouses and t"e remains o% t"e residence at

7ud#ers"all alt"ou#" modest 6y royal standards t"ere%ore "a5e a clear

im!ortance.

T"e exca5ations in t"e nort"ern enclosure 'ere s!eci%ically sited on t"e 6uildin#s

'"ic" %unctioned as t"e royal >uarters at least %rom t"e later C12. Since t"ese

exca5ations are lar#ely com!lete t"ey !ro5ide a detailed account o% t"e most

im!ortant !art o% t"e nort"ern enclosure '"ic" em!"asises t"e scale and

so!"istication o% 6uildin#s at t"e castle. T"ese com!are on scale and #randeur 'it"

ot"er royal sites suc" as Clarendon /alace.

n im!ortant o6ser5ation to come %rom t"e exca5ations relates to t"at si#ni%icant

royal 6uildin# Henry III


13/32

On occasion e5ents o% national "istorical im!ortance too !lace at t"e castle. or

exam!le durin# t"e narc"y Ao"n t"e 4ars"all (itG=il6ert) and Em!ress 4atilda

a6andoned 7ud#ers"all durin# t"eir %li#"t o% 11&1. 9e also no' t"at Ao"n

itG=il6ert "as !re5iously %orti%ied 7ud#ers"all in 113 (Ste5enson 1 12&) on

6e"al% o% t"e Em!ress.

dditionally 7ud#ers"all !layed some !art in t"e aron


14/32

T"e roads do not %orm !art o% t"e =uardians"i! and t"eir u!ee! remains 'it" t"e

4o+. T"e %arm"ouse %arm 6uildin#s and !olice "ouses and #ara#es are excluded

%rom t"e =uardians"i! area.

encin# remains t"e res!onsi6ility o% EH (alt"ou#" t"ere is some dou6t a6out t"e

%ences around t"e %ormer !olice "ouses '"ic" 'ere rene'ed 6y t"e /olice ut"orityin 1* and '"ic" EH is no' a!!arently assumin# to 6e t"e res!onsi6ility o% t"e

o'ners o% t"ose "ouses).

+.2 Th# Sch#"#" A!c)#!% Mo!$#!%

+es!ite 6ein# a =uardians"i! 4onument %rom 11 it a!!ears t"at 7ud#ers"all 'as

ne5er %ormally sc"eduled alt"ou#" it 'as #i5en a county num6er 9ilts"ire 2. T"e

castle 'as ?con%irmed@ in t"e Sc"edule on t"Octo6er 11 seemin#ly t"e %irst time

it 'as le#ally sc"eduled and 'as resc"eduled under t"e 4// on 2* t"Aune 10.

T"e main Inner and Outer 9ards o% t"e Castle are no' totally sc"eduled (exce!t %or

some 6uildin# exclusions and a !ossi6le corner o% t"e rin#'or de%ences in t"e sout"'est corner '"ic" are in !ri5ate #ardens ) alon# 'it" a s"ort stretc" o% t"e ?to'n

de%ences@ as National Num6er 100$0.

T"e re5ised sc"edulin# under En#lis" Herita#e


15/32

arm"ouseM

+.+ Co!*#r(a%)o! Ar#a

T"e entire area o% t"e castle as it is currently understood %alls 'it"in t"e Conser5ation

rea (see 4a! D).

+. O%h#r co!*%ra)!%*

+..1 Loca Pa!

To 6e inserted

+..2 O%h#r

7ud#ers"all is one o% t"e to'ns currently 6ein# studied 6y 9ilts"ire County Council

('it" an EH #rant) as !art o% t"e extensi5e ur6an sur5ey o% 9ilts"ire. T"e Gones o%t"e to'n 'it" arc"aeolo#ical !otential are 6ein# ma!!ed %or !lanners in Bennet

+istrict Council to use and tae account o%. T"ese 'ill include t"e castle and its %ull

extent and t"e medie5al to'n.

Ot"ersM

.0 CURRENT SITUATION

.1 Loca%)o!

On t"e nort" side o% 7ud#ers"all o%% t"e 3&2. OS 4a! 1& S; 2*&13

.2 Ho7 %o g#% %h#r#

y road rom t"e 303 'est6ound :ust !ast 9ey"ill tae t"e 3&2 to 7ud#ers"all

(& miles)8 t"e castle is on t"e nort" side o% t"e to'n.

y !u6lic trans!ort Some !u6lic trans!ort is a5aila6le. uses run to 7ud#ers"all

(Sta#ecoac" Ham!s"ire us 9ilts +orset $-) and t"e nearest rail'ay station is

ndo5er $ miles.

.& Car ,ark)!g

small #ra5elled car !ar is a5aila6le at t"e entrance to t"e site 'it" s!aces %or

around & 5e"icles (cars and mini6uses only). O%ten "o'e5er at least one o% t"e s!aces

is occu!ied 6y local residents (I "a5e noticed a cam!er 5an t"ere %or lon# !eriods o%

time). Ho'e5er car !arin# does not a!!ear a ma:or !ro6lem at t"is !oint in time.

Coac"es "o'e5er 'ould "a5e to %ind alternati5e !arin# else'"ere in 7ud#ers"all

and t"is may limits sc"ool and ot"er 5isits.

.+ R#/r#*h$#!%*

5aila6le in 7ud#ers"all near6y.

1


16/32

. To)#%*

5aila6le in 7ud#ers"all near6y.

.4 Acc#**

T"ere is easyaccess %rom t"e car !ar to t"e castle8 t"e actual ruins are %airly le5el.

+isa6led access is only !ossi6le to !art o% site only and t"e near6y to'n cross. n

access audit "as recently 6een undertaen (re%) 'it" es!ecially re%erence to disa6led

access '"ic" "as made 5arious recommendations in relation to xxxxxxxx

.6 O,#!)!g Hor*

ny reasona6le time8 no need to !re-6oo.

4.0 DESCRIPTION OF LAND PARCELS

T"e site 'as 5isited in No5em6er 2001 and t"e %ollo'in# o6ser5ations made.

/"oto#ra!"s o% t"e site 5isit are a5aila6le on DDDDDDL2 !tDD

i#ure D s"o's t"e main land !arcels in =uardians"i! area or its immediate 5icinity.

T"e descri!tion 6elo' itemises t"e main !ro6lems 'it" eac" land !arcel. T"ese

!ro6lems are %urt"er ex!lored in section .0 6elo'. (T"is section does not co5er t"e

!art o% t"e Castle '"ic" 'as in use in c. 130-100 and '"ic" no' lies 6eneat"

modern 7ud#ers"all. See section DDDDDDDD).

Parc# 1; Mch o/ %h# !or%h#r! #!co*r#.

Current !ro6lems isitor erosion. andalism. Exact date o% eart"'ors in

dis!ute needs %urt"er researc". 7itter. ence maintenance. /resentation. Not

all o% t"e im!ortant remains are in =uardians"i!.

T"e litter 6in 'as crus"ed and needed re!lacin#. T"e lectern inter!retation

!anel needs resitin# a'ay %rom t"e 6an to'ards t"e ruins or !er"a!s could

6e !laced 'it"in a room i% it is to 6e rene'ed in terms o% in%ormation. I% le%t

on t"e #rass a co66led area needs to 6e !ro5ided in %ront o% it. t !resent t"e

lectern is 5andalised so t"ere is no inter!retation.

T"ere are a %e' moles. Some small tree remo5al is needed es!ecially on t"e

6ans.

T"e settin# o% t"e monument is 5ery scru%%y on t"e 'est side "ere. T"e %arm

6uildin#s do not a!!ear to 6e 'ell-used and are "ea5ily o5er#ro'n 'it" sorrel.

It 'ould 6e desira6le to tae t"e %arm 6uildin#s !arcel o% land into

=uardians"i! in order to im!ro5e t"is !iece o% land and im!ro5e t"e settin# o%

t"e castle.

Parc# 2; Ma*o!r- r#$a)!* o/ Ca*%#.

1*


17/32

Current !ro6lems isitor erosion. andalism. 4asonry re!air (on#oin#).

7itter. /resentation. Not all o% t"e im!ortant remains are in =uardians"i!.

7ots o% 6roen 6ottles and i5y.

T"ere is no su##ested route %or 5isitors around t"e ruins.

Parc# &; Ca*%# Far$ ho*# a!" gar"#!.

Current !ro6lems Im!ortant remains in t"is area are not in =uardians"i! and

t"ere%ore cannot 6e accessed 6y t"e !u6lic. T"eir care t"ere%ore de!ends on

ade>uate ste'ards"i! 6y t"e occu!iers o% Castle arm alt"ou#" t"e remains

are sc"eduled and are a%%orded !rotection in t"is 'ay. ence maintenance.

Parc# +; Ea*%#r! ha/ o/ So%h#r! E!co*r# a!" a%#r Ca*%# "#/#!c#*

Current !ro6lems isitor erosion. andalism. 7itter. /resentation. >uarry

o% "istoric %a6ric remains exists 6y t"e %ormer +E7 "uts. ence maintenance.

T"e condition is not too 6ad alt"ou#" some scru6 and small tree clearance is

needed and trees on t"e 6an need looin# at ur#ently 'it" a 5ie' to

remo5in# t"em i% t"ey are o5ermature. T"e 6oundary 'it" t"e %ormer !olice

"ouse is 5ery scru%%y and it mi#"t 6e as 'ell to !lant a "ed#e to screen t"e

!ri5ate #ardens %rom t"e site. T"e %ormer +E7 area needs tidyin# u!. ll t"e

6oundaries need looin# at 'it" a 5ie' to re!airin# and tidyin# t"em. 4oles

are a !ro6lem. T"e +E7 stone store needs to 6e identi%ied and t"e stone

remo5ed to anot"er area %or sa%e-ee!in# %or %uture re!air 'or.

Parc# ; For$#r ,o)c# *%a%)o! a!" ,o)c# ho*)!g.

Current !ro6lems Im!ortant remains in t"is area are not in =uardians"i! and

t"ere%ore cannot 6e accessed 6y t"e !u6lic. T"eir care t"ere%ore de!ends on

ade>uate ste'ards"i! 6y t"e o'ners o% t"e %ormer !olice station and "ousin#

alt"ou#" t"e remains are sc"eduled and are a%%orded %ull !rotection in t"is

'ay. recent "ouse extension re5ealed t"e remains o% a su6stantial medie5al

ditc" (re%). ence maintenance is not ideal at !resent.

Parc# 4; Car Park

/ro6lems andalism. 7itter. ence maintenance.

T"e 'ooden %ence around t"e cattle #rid needs rene'in# or re!airin#.

Parc# 6; Pr)(a%# Gar"#!* )! B%% S%r##%

/ro6lems It is liely t"at remains relatin# to t"e Castle exist "ere alt"ou#"

t"ey are unsur5eyed and undisco5ered. T"eir care t"ere%ore de!ends on

ade>uate ste'ards"i! 6y t"e o'ners. ny remains are currently unsc"eduled

and are a%%orded no statutory !rotection.

Parc#


18/32

T"is is o5er#ro'n in !laces 'it" muc" rou#" #rass rou#"er t"an /arcel &.

T"ere are %ar too many small trees on t"e 6an '"ic" need remo5in#. T"e

"ed#e 'it" /arcel could ultimately 6e remo5ed in /arcel comes 6ac into

=uardians"i!. In t" meantime t"is "a't"orn "ed#e s"ould 6e layed or cut to

%our-%i5e %eet "i#".

T"e #raGin# re#ime seems to 6e !atc"y "ere. T"e sout"ern !art is done 'ell

6ut t"e nort"-'est and 'est !arts are o5er#ro'n.

ll t"e sycamores could 6e remo5ed. T"e ultimate aim in t"is area (as in t"e

rest o% t"e monument) is to clear t"e 6ans o% trees.

T"e inner 6an ad:acent to t"e %arm 6uildin#s is in a scru%%y state and 5ery

o5er#ro'n. T"e 6ans are dama#ed in !laces and are in a 5ery !oor state next

to t"e 6arn.

6ranc" 'as do'n %rom a mature tree.

T"ere 'as an o!en man"oleLdrain '"ic" 'as a6out t"ree %eet dee! !resentin#

a "ealt" and sa%ey issue.

T"e eart"'ors in t"is area a!!ear to extent to t"e 'est o% t"e >uarry and t"e

eart"'or sur5ey s"ould 6e extended to !ic u! all t"e arc"aeolo#ical

remains.

Parc# 3; F)#" %o #a*% o/ Gar")a!*h), *)%#

/ro6lems /resentation and !reser5ation o% remains as t"is %ield is not in

=uardians"i!. Only "al% o% t"is %ield %alls 'it"in t"e sc"eduled monument.

4aintenance o% %ences.

It 'ould 6e desira6le to tae t"is area 6ac into =uardians"i! or to mae it

!art o% t"e site '"ic" can 6e 5isited 6y a Section 1$ #rant.

Parc# 10; Far$ B)")!g* o/ Ca*%# Far$

/ro6lems /resentation and !reser5ation o% remains as t"is !arcel is not in

=uardians"i! alt"ou#" t"e remains are sc"eduled. Some !ro6lems o%

dum!in# onto t"e monument. 4aintenance o% %ences.

Parc# 11; Roa"* 7)%h)! Sch#"#" Mo!$#!%.

Current !ro6lems Erosion ruttin# maintenance o% %ences and cattle #rid.

7itter.

6.0 RECENT =OR>S AND STUDIES

T"ere is >uite a lot o% in%ormation on t"e %iles a6out t"is includin# t"e tain# do'n o%

a 6ric 6oundary 'all on t"e sout"ern side o% t"e castle and re!lacin# it 'it" a %ence.

T"e monument "as under#one %a6ric consolidation o5er a lon# !eriod. Time "as not

!ermitted a %ull examination o% t"e %iles !"otos or !lans in t"e N4, 6ut all sources

s"ould 6e searc"ed and a "istory o% %a6ric consolidation and maintenance constructed.

1


19/32

I "a5e made extensi5e notes on t"e N4, records '"ic" can 6e made a5aila6le to

%uture researc"ers.

T"e +E7 'ere 6ased at t"e site %or many years '"ilst main !ro#rammes o% re!air and

consolidation 'ere carried out.

T"e dra%t condition sur5ey o% e6 2001 notes t"at items o% routine maintenance suc"

as "ed#e trimmin# monitorin# o% %ences #ate re!air 'eed s!rayin# seem to "a5e

ceased since 10.

T"e ma:or c"an#e in t"e monument since 1*& "as o65iously 6een t"e exca5ations

'"ic" "a5e altered t"e eart"'ors on t"e interior and ex!osed medie5al 6uildin#s

'"ic" 'ere %ormerly com!letely 6uried ('it" t"e exce!tion o% t"e =reat To'er).

n ecolo#ical sur5ey 'as undertaen in 12 '"ic" s"o'ed t"at t"ere 'ere some

!lants and %auna o% interest at t"e site.

T"ere "as 6een a dra%t Condition Sur5ey !re!ared in e6 2001 '"ic" needs %inalisin#.

ccess udits are in !ro#ress and a meetin# 'as "eld in 2001 on t"is issue.


20/32

+etailed !ro!osals %or tree 'or are to 6e %ound in t"e dra%t condition sur5ey o% 2001

and t"ese s"ould 6e actioned 'it"in an a!!ro!riate timescale.


21/32

/ro!osals %or re#ular monitorin# maintenance and re!air are to 6e %ound in t"e

dra%t condition sur5ey o% 2001 and t"ese s"ould 6e actioned 'it"in an a!!ro!riate

timescale.

T"e mo'in# re#ime in t"e nort"ern !arcel (/arcel 1) seems to 'or >uite 'ell

alt"ou#" t"ere are areas '"ere t"e #rass is rou#".

7itter is a !ro6lem it needs to 6e remo5ed on a more re#ular 6asis. T"is 'as

somet"in# t"e +E7 "el!ed 'it" '"en t"ey 'ere on site.


22/32


23/32

site inter!retation. ,ooms and no'n 6uildin#s could 6e num6ered (e.#. uildin# 11)

'it" small !la>ues or 6y anot"er suita6le met"od so t"ey can 6e cross re%erenced

6ot" to t"e academic 5olume (Ellis 2000) and to material '"ic" s"ould 6e a5aila6le

on-line 5ia t"e EH 'e6site or %rom t"e re#ional o%%ice at ristol T"e dates o%

construction o% t"e 5arious masonry remains and t"eir !resumed %unction s"ould 6e

readily a5aila6le alon# 'it" !lans includin# a coloured !"ase !lan reconstructionsand #eneral in%ormation a6out t"e im!ortance %unction and "istory o% t"e castle. T"is

'ould !artly mae u! %or t"e lac o% a #uide6oo.

y only !uttin# u! num6ers 'it"in t"e rooms t"ey 'ould 6e less 5ulnera6le to

5andalism and it 'ould ensure t"at sc"ool c"ildren could still #uess t"e %unctions o%

t"e rooms and 6uildin#s '"ilst a teac"er and t"e interested mem6ers o% t"e !u6lic

'ould "a5e %ull access to t"e in%ormation a6out t"e remains !resented includin# t"e

date t"e room 'as constructed and its %unction.

T"ere is no #uide 6oo to t"e site alt"ou#" t"ere is some e5idence t"at /eter

ddyman 'as commissioned to 'rite one in 13 ("ando5er notes %rom eric4orley). T"ere is a #reat need %or a #uide6oo or at t"e 5ery least se5eral

com!re"ensi5e !a#es o% in%ormation on t"e EH 'e6site.

T"e 6uildin# %oundations as !resented on site date %rom /eriod $L in Ellis 2000.

T"e reconstruction on t"e %ront co5er o% Ellis 2000 is %rom t"e same !eriod and

s"ould 6e used on at least one o% t"e inter!retation !anels on site or !er"a!s on 6ot"

re!lacin# t"e medie5al "untin# scene on t"e #uardians"i! !anel and !er"a!s 6ein#

used in an inset on a redesi#ned lectern 6oard %or t"e nort"ern enclosure.


24/32

?4edie5al realms@ are currently tau#"t at Bey Sta#e 3 at secondary le5el and

t"e castle !resents a c"ea! and easily accessi6le o!!ortunity %or sc"oolc"ildren

to learn a6out a royal court at %irst "and (6ut see sections on car !arin#).

Ho'e5er little remains at 7ud#ers"all to su##est t"e s!lendour and luxury o%

Henry IIIFs court and to ima#ine t"e castle as it 'as !u!ils 'ould "a5e to loo%irst at !ictures o% a sur5i5in# castle lie Stoesay in S"ro!s"ire '"ic" "ad a

similar !lan on a more modest scale.

T"e 6asic elements o% a lar#e medie5al residence "ardly 5aried t"ere 'ould

6e a great hall'"ere all t"e "ouse"old came to eat se!arated 6y a !assa#e

%rom t"e Fo%%icesF '"ere %ood 6rou#"t %rom t"e itc"en 'as made ready %or

ser5in#8 asolaror set o% !ri5ate a!artments o%ten on t"e %irst %loor reac"ed 6y

stairs %rom t"e "all8 at least one chapel8 one or more kitchens, usually

identi%ia6le 6y t"eir %ire!laces and o5ens8 and se5eral sets o% lodgings %or

#uests and t"eir ser5ants includin# garderobes. /u!ils could sur5ey t"e

%oundations at 7ud#ers"all to see "o' many o% t"ese elements t"ey canidenti%y.

T"e amount o% %ood consumed 6y Henry and "is #uests 'as !rodi#ious $000

"ens 'ere ordered %or one %east 0 6ucs (deer) %or anot"er. T"ere must "a5e

6een a constant comin# and #oin# o% carts and !ac"orses enterin# and

lea5in# t"e castle '"ene5er t"e in# 'as in residence. T"e !u!ils could

ima#ine t"e "ustle and 6ustle in t"e courtyard - scenes 'ell re-created in some

recent "istorical ad5enture %ilms 6ut 5ery di%%erent to t"e !eace%ul scene at

7ud#ers"all today.

T"e %ine medie5al maret cross (also an EH !ro!erty) near6y could also 6e

studied alon# 'it" t"e de5elo!ment o% t"e to'n.

T#r%)ar- a!" )/#o!g

7ud#ers"all Castle is easy to access and students o% "istory and arc"aeolo#y

can easily ex!lore t"is site '"ic" !resents o!!ortunities %or 6ot" Iron #e and

t"e 4edie5al studies. =eneral arc"aeolo#ical sills suc" as sur5eyin# and

dra'in# sills could also 6e easily !ractised "ere alon# 'it" #eo!"ysical

sur5eyin# sills (su6:ect o% course to t"e correct S&2 7icence 6ein# o6tained

%irst %rom En#lis" Herita#e in PS). T"e %ine medie5al maret cross (also anEH !ro!erty) near6y could also 6e studied and 7ud#ers"all itsel% and its castle

!resents o!!ortunities %or "istorical #eo#ra!"ers.


25/32

T"e site is !rone to 5isitor erosion in certain areas es!ecially '"ere t"e masonry

remains and t"e 6ans in 7and /arcel 1. On an o!en site lie t"is t"ere is little t"at

one can do a!art %rom undertae scar re!air '"en necessary and try and discoura#e

users %rom 'alin# on a%%ected areas and areas '"ic" are "ealin#. ,e#ular ins!ections

%or 5isitor erosion are recommended.

Some ina!!ro!riate use o% t"e monument "as 6een noted e.#. 6y mountain 6ie users.

T"is situation s"ould 6e monitored to see i% it #ets 'orse.

T"ere are recommendations on %ile %or a custodian to man t"e site al6eit %rom some

time a#o. T"is s"ould 6e reconsidered i% 5isitor num6ers are su%%iciently "i#".


26/32

Ex!lorin# '"y medie5al castles in t"is !art o% sout"ern En#land reuse ancient

sites - t"is is 'ort"y o% %urt"er researc" as !art o% t"e ori#in o% En#lis"

Castles.

Identi%yin# and con%irmin# t"e %ull extent date and de5elo!ment o% t"e Castle

includin# any out'ors and 6astions and enclosures.

T"ere are numerous ot"er t"emes and !ro6lems to 6e ex!lored 6ut t"is conser5ation

statement is not t"e !lace to set t"em out.

#- >##,#r

/ro6lems NiallM


27/32

'"ic" are not co5ered 6y t"is Statement or '"ic" di%%er %rom t"e !olicies in

t"is Statement 'ill need to 6e taen to Committee %or a!!ro5al.

Po)c- +; T"e Statement 'ill %orm t"e 6asis %or %uture decision main# at

7ud#ers"all Castle.

Po)c- ; T"e Statement s"ould 6e re5ie'ed re5ised and u!dated as

a!!ro!riate !ro6a6ly in %i5e years time and certainly in ten years time i% t"ere

"as 6een no re5ision 6y t"en.

3.& R#,a)r a!" Ma)!%#!a!c#

Po)c- 4;4onitorin# and re!airs to all "istoric %a6ric 6ot" eart"'or and

masonry needs to 6e undertaen %ar more re#ularly. =rounds maintenance and

monitorin# s"ould also 6e carried out more re#ularly. Consideration s"ould 6e

#i5en to settin# u! a term contract 'it" a re!uta6le com!any to undertae

rollin# re!airs as and '"en needed.

3.+ S)%# I!%#r,r#%a%)o! ,r#*#!%a%)o! a!" acc#**

Po)c- 6;T"e !resentation o% t"e monument s"ould 6e im!ro5ed 6y on-site

and o%%-site actions as outlined a6o5e. T"e current 5ery !oor inter!retation is a

ma:or %la'.

Po)c- uare %or teac"ers '"ic" s"ould 6e #eared to'ards Bey Sta#e to!ics.

T#r%)ar- a!" )/#o!g

Po)c- 1& 4ore in%ormation on t"e arc"aeolo#y "istory and recent t"eoriesa6out t"e site s"ould 6e a5aila6le on line and %rom Pueen S>uare.

2$


28/32

Po)c- 1+; researc" a#enda (see section . 6elo') s"ould 6e a5aila6le on-

line %or interested arc"aeolo#ical 6odies and uni5ersities to consider and

action.

3.4 Tor)*%* a!" ()*)%or*

G#!#ra

Po)c- 1;4ore in%ormation on t"e arc"aeolo#y "istory and recent t"eories

a6out t"e site s"ould 6e a5aila6le on line and %rom Pueen S>uare.

Po)c- ; 5isitor sur5ey s"ould 6e undertaen to determine num6ers and

usa#e o% t"e site.

Car Park*

Po)c- 14; Consideration s"ould 6e #i5en to %indin# coac" !arin# s!ace

'it"in easy 'alin# distance. T"is in%ormation could t"en 6e made a5aila6le

%or interested !arties includin# educational esta6lis"ments '"o mi#"t need to

tra5el some 'ay to 5isit t"e site.

Co$$!)%- *# a!" *,#c)a #(#!%*

Po)c- 16;S!ecial e5ents '"ic" do not "arm t"e %a6ric o% t"e castle its

eart"'ors or t"e 6elo'-#round arc"aeolo#y s"ould 6e allo'ed su6:ect to

sta%% resources 6ein# su%%icient at t"at time to deal 'it" t"e costs o%

administerin# and monitorin# t"e e5ent. I% not some t"ou#"t s"ould 6e #i5en

to a c"ar#in# !olicy.

3.6 S#cr)%-

Po)c- 1


29/32

10.0 S$$ar-

T"e main conser5ation needs o% t"e monument are

4ore re#ular rollin# re!airs to t"e eart"'ors and masonry

4ore re#ular #rounds maintenance to reduce 5andalism and litter

Im!ro5ed inter!retation 5ia a 5ariety o% means.

2


30/32

Ack!o7#"g#$#!%*

I 'ould lie t"an t"e %ollo'in# EH sta%% '"o "a5e "el!%ully discussed t"is Statement

'it" me or '"o "a5e !ro5ided in%ormation Niall 4orrissey +a5id Stocer

numerous sta%% at t"e N4, (+. /arer ,o6in Ste'ard Cynt"ia Ho'ell Baty Birstyand ot"ers) Helen Ae%%eries Ao"n arer +a5id ield manda eat"er Carole

O'en EliGa6et" llison C"ris ally =ary Stone and Ao"n Hum!"rey in t"e S,

,e#istry. Outside EH t"e %ollo'in# indi5iduals "a5e "el!ed in similar 'ays Helena

Ca5e-/enney and ,oy Can"am o% 9ilts"ire County Council rc"aeolo#ical Ser5ices

and Ste5e 4ac+onald.

(To 6e circulated to rancis Belly B+ Niall 4 manda +a5id Stocer ,oy

Can"am Ian arnes =ary Stone C"ris ally EliGa6et" llison)

I "a5e dra'n "ea5ily %rom t"e main !u6lis"ed 'or on 7ud#ers"all (Ellis 2000) and

also on teac"in# material !ro5ided 6y t"e En#lis" Herita#e re#ional education o%%icermanda eat"er.

Fr%h#r R#a")!g

DDDDDDDDD/;T IN 7OTS O OTHE, ,ESDDDDDDDD

ddyman /..Reports on the Excavation of Ludgershall Castle in 4edie5al

rc"aeolo#y olumes -1* commencin# 1*.

eaumont-Aames T. Clarendon: A Medieval Royal alace Salis6ury 9ilts"ire

4useum 1 ISN 0-&$3-0*-3.

ro'n =. and o'den 4. 1.An Earth!ork "urvey at Ludgershall Castle,

#iltshire. ;n!u6lis"ed ,CH4E Sur5ey ,e!ort.

Co!eland T.1&, A $eacher%s &uide to 'sing Castles En#lis" Herita#e ISN 1-

0$&-32$-&

+a5ison . 1 $he e! )bserver%s *ook of Castles9arne ISN 0-$232-333-D.

Ellis (ed) 2000 Exca5ations at 7ud#ers"all Castle

En#lis" Herita#e. ;ndated.+nforation for teachers-

=reen +. 12. 'npublished ecological survey-

/"illi!s . 2001- An archaeological !atching brief at ./ Castle "treet, Ludgershall,

#iltshire (LC01). ;n!u6lis"ed re!ort.

/latt C.12 $he Castle in Medieval England and #ales Secer and 9ar6ur# ISN

0-&3*-3$-.

30


31/32

Steane A. $he Archaeology of the English Monarchy ats%ord 13 ISN0-$13&-

$2&*-&.

an der Steen Hall /artners"i!. 2001.2raft Condition "urvey of Ludgershall Castle-

;n!u6lis"ed !reliminary ty!escri!t. e6ruary 2001.

31


32/32

APPENDICES CONTENTS

1. iles searc"ed %or t"is conser5ation statement.

2. Ot"er sources o% in%ormation searc"ed.

3. Com!lete listin# o% internal %iles "eld 6y EH.

&. Com!lete listin# o% ertical and O6li>ue ir /"oto co5er "eld 6y EH at t"e N4,

*. Co!ies o% t"e index record cards %or 7ud#ers"all Castle at t"e N4, /lans ,oom

$. N4, Entry %or 7ud#ers"all

. ncient 4onuments Terrier

. 9ilts"ire CC S4, entry %or 7ud#ers"all Castle

APPENDICES

MAPS

rea in =uardians"i!

T"e Sc"eduled 4onument

T"e Conser5ation rea

7and /arcels

Sur5ey o% t"e Site in 1 6y t"e ,CH4E

ludgershall conservation statement

Documents