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1. GROSS ANATOMY OF LUNGS

2. SURFACES AND BORDER OF LUNGS

3. HILUM AND ROOT OF LUNGS

4. FISSURES AND LOBES OF LUNGS5. BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENT

6. BLOOD SUPPLY OF LUNGS

7. LYMPHATICS OF LUNGS

8. NERVE SUPPLY OF LUNGS9. PLEURA

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   T!"#$ % &'()*+

  C(,($ %

- +(#)* /$(0)

-  #,"& ("", /,# "( '(&"() ($/() '$",&

*:" %

- $*:" ,#)* 6;; *$

-  ," ,#)* 55; *$

 

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1. Apex : projects 1 inch abovemedial 1/3 of clavicle

2. Base: it is concave, rests onthe copula of diaphragm

3. urfaces : costal ! mediala. "ostal . : is convex , related

to ribs ! intercostal spacesb. #edial . : is formed of 2

 parts : A$ Anterior mediastinal part

% hilum lies in its posterior&B$ 'osterior vertebral part(. Borders :

1 ! 2 $Anterior ! inferior :sharp

3- P(&"$($ % ": < $(#)

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  B,#)"

  L& /(= ": ,=, ()"$($ ) ( 1&" $/

  R:& 1-2 /(= , 1>3$  (,=,

  C(=$ /+ $=,',#$

  G$(= /+ %  - /,=) $"$+

  - /,=) =)

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  S,#)$ )()=

  R&" ) ( (':$*

  R*:" & ( &:*:$ ":) ,"

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ANTERIOR BORDER %

1. C($$&'()& "( ":)"$($?(&"(&"),@ ,)

( ',#$, $"()2. I" & ',+ )(": )

": ," ,#)* '(&"$($"( 5": (&", $",*/+ ": '$$#

) !")& =$",,+(0)0$& "( ($ Lingula. T:& & ,, cardiac notched

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   T:) ) &:$'

  I" &'$"& ":

/& ( ": ,#)*$( ": (&",$ )!")& )"(

':$)((&",&)#&

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   T: ) ,,)

 

F"& )"( ''$=$"/$,*#""$

  E!") $( C7 "( T1;

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1. C(&", $ %

  I" & ) ()""0": (&", ',#$

) (=$,+)*":($ 0,,

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2. M, $ %

  .P(&"$($>=$"/$,

'$"  /. A)"$($>

&"-

  ), '$"

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1. V$"/$, (,#)

2. I)"$=$"/$, &

3. P(&"$($ )"$(&", =&&,&

4. S',):) )$=&

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RIGHT SIDE LEFT SIDE

1. R*:" A"$#

2. S,, '$"& ( R*:"=)"$,

3. SVC

4. R*:" /$:(':, =)?,(0$ '$"@

5. A+*(& =)

6. E&(':*#&

7. IVC

8.  T$:9. R*:" =*#& )$=

1;. R*:" ':$) )$=

1. L" =)"$,

2. P#,()$+ "$#)

3. A$: ( ($"

4.  T:($ ( ($"

5. L" /,=) $"$+6.  T:($ #"

7. L" /$:(':, =)

8. L" =*#& )$=

9. L" ':$) )$=1;. L" $#$$)" ,$+)*,

)$=

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  I" & ,$*'$&& $":" ,& )$ ":)"$ ( ":, $.

  V$(#& &"$#"#$&)"$ ) ,= ":,#)* = "& $((".

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   T: $((" & ),(& ) &:($" "#/#,$ &:"( ',#$ ":" ()"&": '#,()$+ )

&"), '$"& (',#$. I" !"))$($,+ & )$$(0(,- The pulmonaryligament.

  I" ,& (''(&" ( ":/(& ( 5": 6": )7": ":($ =$"/$

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1. P$)', /$():#& ()": ," &

2. E'$"$, ):+'$"$, () ":$*:" &

3. O) '#,()$+ $"$+

4.  T0( '#,()$+ =)& '$($ ) )$($

5.

B$():, $"$& ()() $*:" & ) "0(() ," &

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6. B$():, =)&

7. A)"$($ )'(&"$($

'#,()$+ ',!#&( )$=&

8. L+':"&

9. B$():('#,()$+

,+':()(&1;. A$(,$ "&&

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ABOVE DONARDS%

1. EPARTERIALBRONCHUS

2. PULMONARY ARTERY

3. HYPARTERIALBRONCHUS

4. INFERIOR PULMONARYVEIN

RIGHT SIDE

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ABOVE DONARDS%

1. PULMONARY ARTERY

2. BRONCHUS

3. INFERIORPULMONARY VEIN

LEFT SIDE

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  F&$& = ": ,#)*& )"( ,(/& E: ,#)* :& ) (/,# &$ &'$")*

": #''$ ,(/ $( ": ,(0$ ,(/ () ": ,") ": #''$ ) , ,(/& $( ":,(0$ ,(/ () ": $*:"

   T: $*:" ,#)* :& :($()", &$&'$")* ": , ,(/ $( ":

#''$

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  $#)& $( ": 2) ":($ =$"/$'(&"$($,+ "( ": 6": (&", $",*)"$($,+ ($ ,()* ": , /($$ (

": &'#, 0:) ": $ & $& /(=": :.

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  I" !") $( )"$($ $*) " ,=, ",=, ( 4": (&", $",*.

  R#)& :($()",,+ /0$& "( " ":

(/,# &$ ) ": -!,,$+ ,).  P#,()$+ ',#$ !") )"( ": &$

( ": ,#)*& &( ":" ": ,(/& ) (=() : (":$ #$)* $&'$"()

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   T: $*:" ,#)* & ,$*$ ":) ": ," ):& ":$ ,(/&% S#'$($ ($ #''$

M, I)$($ ($ ,(0$

   T: ," ,#)* :& "0( ,(/& S#'$($ ($ #''$

I)$($ ($ ,(0$

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I& '+$,,+ &:' &"() ( ": ,#)*0": "& /& (=$ /+ =&$, ',#$

I& &'$" $( )" &*)"& /+())"= "& &'"

I& )& ($ ": &*)", /$():#& ":"'',& "

H& "& (0) /$():#& ) &*)", /$):( ": '#,()$+ $"$+

  E: /$():('#,()$+ &*)" ) /$*,,+ $&" )'))" ()" &*)"&

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Each segment is surroundedby a delicate C.T. septum

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   T: #,"" '#,()$+ #)" $($&'$"($+ /$():(, "( ,=(, & ,,Acinus.

  There are about 28 ordes o di!isions otracheobronchial tree.

  Total no. o al!eoli has been estimatedto bet"een 2##$%## million& "ith atotal surace area o '#$8# meters(uare.

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 T$:

R*:" ) ," '$)',/$():#&

L(/$ /$(): ?&()$+@

S*)", /$(): ?"$"$+@

 T$), /$():(,&

R&'$"($+ /$():(,&

A,=(,$ #"

A,=(,$ &&

A,=(,

ACINUS

Di!isions o bronchi

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?2rybronchus)

?*ry bronchus)

Di!isions o bronchi

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RIGHT BRONCHUS LEFT BRONCHUS

1. S:($"$

2. $

3. M($ ) ,) 0":"$:

1. L()*$

2. N$$(0$

3. M($ (,/,# ":)": $*:"

+ight lung Let lung

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 +ight lung  Let lung

Slightly larger & shorter , "ider  Slightly smaller & longer ,narro"er

 -o cardiac notch  The anterior border has a cardiac

notch , belo" it lies tongue lieprocess called / lingula”

It is di!ided by 2 0ssures1 obli(ue , horiontal ) into *lobes 1 upper & middle , lo"er )

It is di!ided by one 0ssures1 horiontal ) into 2lobes 1 upper, lo"er )

 The hilum contains :1-2bronchi 1 eparterial ,

3yparterial )2-4ulmonary artery3-2pulmonary !eins

The hilum contains:1-one bronchus

2-4ulmonary artery3-2pulmonary !eins

It recei!es one bronchial artery inthe posterior part o the hilum

 It recei!es 2 bronchial arteries inthe posterior part o the hilum

It has * lobar bronchi , 5#segmental bronchi 1 5#bronchopulmonary segments )

It has 2lobar bronchi , 8$5#segmental bronchi 18$5#bronchopulmonary segments )

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  RIGHT MAIN BRONCHUS LEFT MAIN BRONCHUS

  U''$,(/ /$():#&% - A', &*)", /$():#& - A)"$($ &*)", /$(). - P(&"$($ &*)", /$().  M, ,(/ /$():#&%- M, &*)", /$():#&- L"$, &*)", /$():#&  L(0$ ,(/ /$():#&%- A', &*)", /$():#&- A)"$($ &*)", /$():#&- P(&"$($ &*)", /$():#&- M, &*)", /$():#&- L"$, &*)", /$():#&

  U''$ ,(/ /$():#&%• U''$ /$): %

- A)"$($ &*)", /$():#&

- A'(-'&"$($ &*. /$():#&• L(0$ /$): %- S#'$($ ,)*#,$ &*. B$():#&- I)$($ ,)*#,$ &*. /$():#&  L(0$ ,(/ /$():#&%- A', &*)", /$():#&- A)"$(-, &*)",

/$():#&- P(&"$($ &*)", /$():#&- L"$, &*)", /$():#&

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6ronchopulmonary segments7 A'& A)4(&& *:" L*:" LA4S 

• 9pper lobe7 A', A)"$($ 4(&"$($

•

 iddle lobe% , ) L"$,

• L(0$ ,(/% L"$, A)"$($ ,4(&"$($

S#'$($@

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  E: /$():('#,()$+ &*)" ) /$*,,+ $&" )'))" (

)" &*)"& . S*)", $&"()0": ), &"$#"() "( ":$$(#))* ,#)* "&.

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A. SYSTEMIC % Vasa privata

ARTERIES → BRONCHIALARTERIES (supplies walls of bronchi & bronchioles) →BRONCHIAL VEIN

  ! RI"H# BRONCHIAL VEIN→ A$%"O VEIN

  ! LE'# BRONCHIAL VEIN →HI"H"E# IN#ERCO#ALVEIN

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B. PULMONARY %Vasa publica

  PULMONARY TRUN → RI"H# AN

LE'# *L+ONAR%AR#ERIE ,-→CAILAR% NE#ARO*N ALVEOLI →,-- *L+ONAR% VEIN→ LE'# A#RI*+

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  L+': $( ": ,#)*&$)& "(

P#,()$+ ,+':)(& ?,()* ": ,(/$/$():@

B$():('#,()$+,+': )(& ?,()*": ) &" /$():@

  S#'$($ ) )$($"$:(/$():, ,+':

)(& ?'$($ ))$($ "( ": /#$"()( ": "$:@

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  I))$="() & = ": '#,()$+ ',!#&&,(" )"$($ ) '(&"$($ "( ": ,#)*

$(("&.   T: ',!#&& ()") '(&"*)*,()&+'":" /$& $( ": &+'":""$#)& ":" ))$=" ": &((": #&, (": /$():, "$ '#,()$+ =&&,& )*,)& ( ": /$():, "$.

  S+'":" /$& $ /$():(,"($&=&(()&"$"($& ) ):/" *,)#,$

&$"().   T: ',!#&& ()") '$*)*,()'$&+'":" /$& $( ": =*#&)$= ?CN J@ &,, '$&+'":"*)*, ) '(&"*)*,()'$&+'":" )$=& ":" ))$=" ":&((": #&, ( ": /$():, "$'#,()$+ =&&,& ) *,)& ( ":/$():, "$.

  P$&+'":" /$& $/$():(()&"$"($& =&(,"($& )&$"(("($ "( ": *,)&.

  V&$, K$)" /$& $$+ )($"())=(,= ) (#*: $!& &"$":$'"() /,(( '$&$ :($'"()) )('"().

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  E: ,#)* & $$(#) /+ ) (=$0": ()")#(#& /$) 0:: &) & ": =&$, ',#$ 0:: (=$& ": ,#)*& )

))(" / &&" $( ": ,#)* ": '$", ',#$ 0:: ,)& ": ',#$, ="&

   T: =&$, ) '$", ',#$ $()")#(#& " ": :,# ( ": ,#)* 0:$

&"$#"#$& )"$ ) ,= ": ,#)*?/$():#& '#,()$+ =&&,& /$():,=&&,& ,+':"&@

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Subdi!isions o the pleura %5$ :isceral pleura

2$ T: '$", ',#$ :& (#$ ) '$"&% C(&", ',#$ ,))* ": )"$), $ ( ":

":($ 0,, M&"), ',#$ (=$)* ": && ( ":

&")#

D':$*" ',#$ (=$)* ": '$($ $

( ": ( ( : :':$* C$=, ',#$ ( ( ',#$ !"))*

'$($,+ )"( ": '$($ ":($ '$"#$

*$ 4ulmonary ligament

Costal pleuraCervical pleura Let lung

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Pulmonary ligament

Diaphragmatic pleura

Mediastinal

pleura

g

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   T: ',#$, ="+ & ": '(")", &'/"0) ": '$", ) =&$, ',#$. T: ',#$, ="+ ()")& ") ,+$ (

&$(#& ',#$, # 0:: ,#/$"& ),,(0& ": ',#$ "( (= &((":,+ (=$: (":$ #$)* $&'$"().

S#$ ")&() '& ": ,#)* $ )()"" 0": ": ":($ 0,,.

   T: ,#)* !')& ) ,,& 0": $ 0:)": ":($ ="+ !')&.

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   T:($()"&& & ": )&$"() ( ), )"( ": ',#$, ="+ "( 0":$0 &', ( # ($ /,((. T( =(* "( ": )"$(&", =) $"$+

) )$= ":" $#) ) ": (&", *$((= ()": )$($ $ ( : $/ ": ),& )&$" 0,, /,(0 ": $/. T: ),,&( #&" / ', )",+ /(= ":

$/ /,(0 "( =( ": (,,"$, /$):&( )"$(&", )$= ) =&&,& ":" $#),()* ": '$($ $ ( : $/.

   

  S9+FACE A-AT;< ;F T3E 4LE9+A

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Cer!ical pleura 1ape=) 7 ,& one inch /(= ": medial 5>* o thecla!icle.

 Anterior border:  ,) & $0) '&&)* (0)0$& ) ,,+ %

1-F$( ": &"$)(,=#,$ ()" "( '()" () ": &"$), )*, ,(& "( ":) ',).

2-T:) " & !") =$",,+ "( ": ,=, ( ": 'th (&", $",*.

 . ;n the right side ":& ,) & !") =$",,+ "( %th (&", $",*.

/. ;n the let side ": ,) ="& ($ /(#" () ): "( ": ," ( ":&"$)# ?($ $ )(":@ ":) " )& " %th (&", $",*

Inerior border:  ,) '&&)* $(#) ": :&" 0,,. I" /*)& $( ":,=, ( %th costal cartilage close to the median plane . Then itcrossing 7

1-T: 8th rib in the midcla!icular line

2-T: 5#th rib in the mid$a=illary line 

3-T: " $:)* ": 52th spine to ends .

4osterior border : ,()* ": =$"/$, (,#) $( ": '! ( ":',#$ "( ": )$($ /($$

ung

: 2 spaces less than pleura below the 6

th

 rib .

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  L)& ( ',#$, $"() $ ,)& ,()* 0:: ": '$", ',#$ :)*& $"()& $( ()0,, "( )(":$.  T: &"$), ,) ( ',#$, $"() & ": &:$' ,) ,()* 0:: ": (&", ',#$

/(& ": &"), ',#$  T: (&", ,) ( ',#$, $"() & ": &:$' ,) ,()* 0:: ": (&", ',#$ /(&

": ':$*" ',#$  T: =$"/$, ,) ( ',#$, $"() & &((": $"() ( ": (&", ',#$ ()"( ":

=$"/$ '(&"$($,+.   T: ,)& ( ',#$, $"() () ": ," & ) / $/$ & 4-6-8-1;-12.

 T: ,) ( ',#$, $"() () ": ," &)& ) ": ,) ( ": &"$)# "( ": 'th costal cartilage 0:$ " ="& "( ": ," $*) ( ": &"$)# " ": %th costalcartilage "( ((" ": '$$# ) ": :$" ?$ )(":@.

 T:& ,) ":) ="& "( $(&& ": 8th rib " ": ,=#,$ ,). I" $(&&& ": 5#th rib " ": !,,$+ ,) I" ":) $(&&& ": 52th rib " ''$(!",+ ": ).

  O) ": $*:" & ": ,) ( ',#$, $"() &)& " ": ,) ( ": &"$)# "( ":!':( '$(&& ) ":) ="& 8-1;-12.

   T: ,#)*& ( )(" #,,+ (#'+ ": ',#$, ="& #$)* !'$"()   T:$ $ '$':$, $& 0:$ ": ':$*" ) (&", ',#$ ( ) ()"" )

":& $ ,, ": (&"(':$*" $&&&.   T:$ $ $& '(&"$($ "( ": &"$)# 0:$ ": (&", ) &"), ',#$ ( )

()"" 0": : (":$ ) ":& $ ,, (&"(&"), $&&&.   T: (&"(&"), $&& & ,$*$ () ": ," /#& ( ": $ )(":.  D#$)* !'$"() ": ,(0$ ," ( ": ,#)*& & "0( (&", &'& /(= ": ,) ( ',#$,

$"()% 6-8-1;% ": &!": $/ " ": ,=#,$ ,) ": 8": $/ " ": !,,$+ ,) ) ":

1;": $/ " ": ).  T:#& ": (&"(':$*" $&& & ''$(!",+ "0( (&", &'& '.

Surace

Cer!ical pleura

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Anatomy

;

4leura 

8th rib1th rib

12th thoracic spine

Inerior border

!th costal

cartilage

Anterior bord

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In ull inspirationthe anterior bordo the lung e=teninto this recess

Costomediastinal rec

In ull inspiration&the inerior bordero the lung e=tends

into this recess

Costodiaphragmatic recess

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  V&$, ',#$ (& )(" := )+*)$, &)&($+ ))$="() ) &)&)&"= "( ')

 

 T: '$", ',#$ & =$+ &)&"= "(') /#& ( "& &)&($+ '',+ /+/$):& ( ": )"$(&", ) ':$))$=&

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ediastinal pleur

Diaphragmatic ple

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 R(=, ( :&"

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R(=, ( :&"

0,, $=, ":(,,(0)* %

1-I)"$), ":($A

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