machine gunners card

8/14/2019 Machine Gunners Card

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.,~~... Machine Gunner's Card~-:~

/ -'1.i..~~Ref: FM 3-22.68 D ate: June 2J02 ~ II

. Po int T3 rg~ts: r e q u ir e the use of a si ngle a i m i n g p)int. E xam ples o f p oint

t a r g e t s a r e e n e m y sold ~rs, bun kers, weapons emplacements, and lightly

armored V8hicl~. Fixoclfire is deliveroo at PJint targets.. Area T 3 rg~ts: Area targets may ha'0f8 consderable wdth a nd depth and

may require extensive tr8\iersing and searching fire. Tll~e incl ude targets in

which the exact location of the enem y is u nknov",. The following a re va rieti~

of area targets likely to be engagoo.

- UOf1[Jf Tftrgets. Linear targets have suffic ientwidth to r~uire succf6Sive

aim i ng points (traversi ng fire). The ooaten zone effecti\iely CDVers the depth of

the target a rea. Traversing fire is deli'0f8red at lin ear targets.

- D e f 1 j J Targets. Dgep ta rgets requ ire s U C C ~ V 8 a i m in g PJints (searchingfire). Sea rchi ng fi re is d ~i1,l'8red at doop targets.

- U/] f1[Jf Targets wjth Df1jJ I'h. Li n ear ta rge ts w i t h d ep th h av e su Hi:ie nt w ijth

re q u irin g s UCC9& Siv e a im in g p a n t s in V .1 1 ic h th e ooaten zone do~ not C01,I'8r

the depth of the target area. A c o m b in o o changd in direc!i)n and ~evatbn

(traversing a nd sea rchi ng) is nec~sary to effectiV8ly ca0f8r the target with fire

Traversing a nd sea rch ing fi re a re delivered at linea r targets v.;th depth.

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KEY M ACHINE GUN DEFINITIONS. Con~ of Fi re: W hen se' eral rounds are fired in a b..lrst from any m a c h ine

gun, each round b a k E 6 a slightly different trajectory, The pattem th~e ID..lnds

form on the way to the 1arget i s calloo a cone of fi re, Th B p<lttem i s c a used

primarily by vibration of the m a c h in e g u n a n d v a r ia t io n s in amm u nition and

atmospheric c o n d itions,'one

~BeaLenZone ~~ ~

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. Beaten Zone: The b e a t E f 1 zone is the ell iptica I pattem form ed by the roundsstriking the grCtlnd or the target The size and sha pe of the oo<lten z o n e

c h a n g e s w h e n t h e r a n g e to th e ta r g e t c h a n g e s or v . l l E f 1 t h e m ach ine gun is

fired on different typE 6 of terrain. O n un iform ty sbping or 18'0181 terrain, t i l e

beaten zone is long and n<lrral\'. As the range to the fa rget increasE6, the

beaten zone b3com~ shorter and v.;der. W hen f i r e is delivered on terrain

slo1=4g da,un and a'1\'ayfrom the machine gun, the beaten zone o o c o m ~

longer. W hen fire is delivered on rising terra in, the beaten zone b 3 c o m ~

sh ort8r. T he terrain 1 1 a s little effect on the width of the beaten zone.

D ISTRI BUTION RESTRICTION: Appro'lEd fa- public release; dislribL.t~n is unlim ited.



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O V E R H E A D F IR E CANNOT B E S ': " F E L Y D E U IJ E R E D O N A T A R G E T A T G R E A T E R T H A N

8 5 0 M E T E R S F R O M T H E M A C H I t !E G U t ! . A t ! D IT IS t !O T D E U V E R E D O V E R L E \o 'E L O R

U N IF O R M L Y S L O P IN G T E R R A IN . O t~ L Y A F T E R S O L D IE R S A F E T Y I S C H E C K E D A t~ DV E R IF IE D . ( S E E A R . :? 0 3 5 - 6 3 F O R A C O M P L E T E S U M fM ,R Y C f : T R A IN IN G S A F E T Y

R E Q U I R E M E t~ T S . )

N O T E : OJ not delwer overheJd fire ifthe range from the m achim gun to the

tJ rget is less thJ n 350 meters or mxe thJ n 850 rooters



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RATES OF F[RE AND BARREL CHANGE~ 5 Llstai 1l9clF i r9: for the M 249 is 85 r o u n d s pgr m inute in bursts of 3 to 5

ro u n d s. The r v 1 6 0 and M240B are 100 rou nds per m inute in bursts of G to 9

rou nds. The gunner paUSi9S 4 to 5 secrnds ootween bu rsts. Th e terrel

shruld be ch anged after firing at sustained rate fer 10 m inutes. This is the

nerma I ram of fire fer the gun nero~ Rapicl F i r ~ : for the M249, M 60, and M 240B gunner is 200 rrunds per

minute in bursts of (6 to 8 r1'1249)10 to 12 rou nds. The gunner pa USBS 2 to 3

secrnds betw2'en bu rsts. The barrel shculd be changed after firi~ at a

rapid rate for 2 m inutes. This l=fCC9dure pro'l'ides fer an exceph)nally high

'1'D Iume of fire, but fer only a short periocL~ Cyclic F i r ~ : USBS the meet ammunition that can 00 used in 1 m inute. The

C'fC lic ram of fire '/j;th the mach ine gu n is achiffiied when the trgger is held

to the rear and am munitirn is fed into the wea pon u nin terrupted for one

m inute. N orm al C fclic rate of fire for the M249 is 8~ rounds! r . . . 1 G O is 5~

rou nds, and for the M 2 4 0 B is G50 to 9.50 rounds. A ll/lays change the barrel

after firing at C 'jdic ram for 1 m in ute. Th ~ procedure prcrl'idre the h ~ hBSt

'1'D Iume of fire that the machine gun can fire, but this ad' ers~y affocJ:s the

mach ine gu n! and shou Id only be fired in combat d uring emergenc~s.



SPEED RANGE aF T~R3 ET(\.'eh ~)Ie)

300 500 ~O)

15 meLer::. meLer::. meLer::.mph

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M ETHODS OF APPLICATIONS OF FIRE. Grazing Fire: accurs ,,~hen the cen1er af the cone attire doos nat r~ m are

than 1 m eteraoo'0f8 th 18grrund. W hen f i r i n g an lev8 ar unifo rm~'s la j)ngt8"ra in, the gunner C<1 cbtain a m axim um of m o m eters af grazing fire.. Pltlngi ng Fi 1 '0:accurs w hen the da n~r Sp<1ces confinooto the beaten zone.

Plu nging fire <1lroo~urs w hen firi ng at lang ra nges, from hig h ground to lawg ro un d, in to a bru pt~ ' risin g g rru nd , a r a cro ss u ne '0 f8 nte rra in , re su ltin g in a la ss

of grazing fire at any pant alang the1rajectorj.. Frontal Fin~< lang a)'js af the ooaten zm e at r~ht angle to front of target. Flanking Fire: Flanking fire is firing at the sde of a target

. O bliql;lo Fil'o: lang a)'js af the ooaten zm e at angle ( ~ 9 c P ) to fronta f the

target. E nfi lad 0 Fi 1'0:lang a)'js afthe beat~n zone ca ncides ar noor1ycoincides ".H h

the lang axis af the targe ~ M ost desirable ty~ affi re.. . m a)'jm izes the effocts

. Final Protoctiv~ Firo)Lil1o~FPL): An FPL is a predetennined line alm g "J1ich

grazingfi re is placed to' s top an ffi81lf assa ult If an FPL is assignoo, the

m ach ine gu n is sighted alang il except ".h81 ather targets a re being 81gaged.

Fire m ust be d8 f.J'8"ed du ring all conditians of 'l 'i sib i l i l y .

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machine gunners card

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