Machine Translation

marazI to UNLPresented by

Ashwini, Salil

Center for Indian Language Technology Solutions

CSE, IIT Powai

Characteristics of marazI

a. Syntactic structure – Subject-object-verb

e.g. rama Baat Katao. – Similarity with Hindi

b. Morphology

– P`a%yaya– Differences with Hindi

Main tasks

1. Marathi-UW dictionary building

2. Rulebase building for converting Marathi language phenomenon to UNL expressions

3. Testing using corpus sentences

4. Verification with Hindi and Marathi deconverters.

Analysis consists of

• Morphology

• Syntax

• Semantics

• Pragmatics

Marathi analysis done so far

We focus on Marathi morphology

• Noun morphology

• Pronoun morphology click

• Verb morphology click

• Relation label morphology click

• Adjective morphology click

Types of adjectives in Marathi

1. Pronounic adjectives 1.1 Pronoun adjectives: The nine pronouns being used as adjectives.

1.2 Adjectives derived from the nine pronouns

2. Qualitative adjectives 2.1 Adjectives ending with vowel +É 2.2 Adjectives ending with vowels other than +É

2.3 Postposition adjectives

Type of adjectives [contd.]

3. Numerical adjectives• 3.1 Cardinal

3.1.1 (whole number)3.1.2 (fractional number)

3.1.3 (entirety, totality, completeness)• 3.2 Ordinal• 3.3 Occurrencial

6 types• 3.4 Distinctive

[pAvaNedonashe] means 175 or 199.75?

- There is no word assigned to 199.75, 299.75, etc. - the problems with paun, pauvane and savva.- (pAvaNedon) times 100 (she). she and shambhar,

both mean 100. pAUNashe means 75. pAvaNeshambhar means 99.75.

- The powers of ten for which there is a distinct word in Marathi need to be stored separately.

- pronunciation is not pAvaNedona-[pause]-she but

pAvaNe -[pause]-donashe

Tables of numbers: continous and random access.

• Some forms of numbers are used for verbalizing the tables of numbers: ºÉÉiÉ / ºÉÉiÉÉ / ºÉÉiÉä / ºÉÉiÉÒä / ºÉiiÉä.

• Marathi: A, B times, (is C), occurring in the table for A. English: B A’s (are C).

• Usage of forms: 1. only for the expression ‘A’ 2. only for ‘B times’ 3. only while recalling the number directly without going through the table.

• Some forms occur especially for square. The repetition is emphasized.

words used to familiarise a child with numbers

• Some words are used mostly to familiarise a child with numbers: BEÒ BE, nÖEÔ nÉäxÉ, ÊiÉEÔ iÉÒxÉ, etc. The similarity of each word with the number is used to help a child remember the number. The words used as familiarisers are: BEÒ, nÖEÔ, ÊiÉEÔ, SÉÉèEÒ, {ÉÉSÉÒ, ºÉɽÒ, ºÉÉiÉÒä, +É`Ò, xÉ´Éä, nɽÒ.

playing cards and game of cricket

1. playing cards:

ekka, durri / durra, tirri / tirra, chavvi / chouka, panji / panja, chhakki / chhakka, satti / satta, atthi / attha, navvi / nashsha, dashshi / dashsha.

2. shots scoring multiple runs in the game of cricket:

SÉÉèEÉ®, ¹É]EÉ®.

The current status of dictionary

Number of entries 375

•Dictionary click

•Nouns

•Noun morphology suffixes

•Verbs

•Verb morphology suffixes

The current status of rulebase

Number of rules is 1050.

• Verb morphology (Simple and conjunct verbs) – Tense (Past, Present, Future)– Aspect of tense (Progress, complete, custom)– Voice (Passive voice)

– +lÉÇ (imperative, should, negative)– Ability, intention etc. for conjunct verbs only.

The current status of rulebase [contd.]

• Noun morphology – Number

– With case marker (ºÉɨÉÉxªÉ° {É)• Case when penultimate vowel is either

> or <Ç e.g. ¨ÉÚ±É - ¨ÉÖ±Éä (Plural)

The current status of rulebase [contd.]

• Relation labels used so faragt, obj, gol, aoj, and, or

e.g. ¨ÉÖ±ÉÉÆxÉÒ +ÉƤÉä JÉɱ±Éä xÉ´½iÉäÃ.

obj(eat(icl>do).@entry.@pred.@past.@not. @complete, mango(icl>fruit):08.@pl)

agt(eat(icl>do).@entry.@pred.@past.@not. @complete, child(icl>person):00.@pl)

Plans

• Adjective morphology

• Pronoun morphology

• Relation labels handling for corpus sentences.

For simple sentence only.

THANK YOU

References:

•Damle, Moro Keshav (1970). Shastriya marathi vyakarana. [SaswrIya marATI vyAkaraNa]. (Ed: K. S. Arjunwadkar). Pune: Deshmukh & Co.

•Meying, Zhu (2000) EnConverter specifications, version 2.1. Tokyo: UNU/IAS/UNL Center.

• Meying, Zhu (2002) UNL specifications, version 3 edition 1. Tokyo: UNU/IAS/UNL Center.

•Valambe, M. R. (2001) Sugam marathi vyakaran lekhan [sugama marATI vyAkaraNa leKana]. Pune: Nitin Prakashan.