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Page 1: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

Machines Made Machines Made SimpleSimple

Page 2: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Simple MachinesSimple Machines

Six basic typesSix basic types Designed to make work easierDesigned to make work easier Few or no moving partsFew or no moving parts Combine to form complex Combine to form complex machinesmachines

Page 3: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

LeverLever

Page 4: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

LeverLever

In a first class lever the pivot is in the In a first class lever the pivot is in the middle and the load and effort is on either middle and the load and effort is on either sideside

Think of a see-sawThink of a see-saw

Page 5: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

LeversLevers In a second class lever the pivot is at the In a second class lever the pivot is at the

end, with the load in the middleend, with the load in the middle Think of a wheelbarrowThink of a wheelbarrow

Page 6: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

LeversLevers In a third class lever the fulcrum is again In a third class lever the fulcrum is again

at the end, but the effort is in the middleat the end, but the effort is in the middle Think of a pair of tweezersThink of a pair of tweezers

Page 7: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

PulleyPulley

Page 8: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

PulleyPulley Pulley are wheels Pulley are wheels

and axles with a and axles with a groove around the groove around the outsideoutside

A pulley needs a A pulley needs a rope, chain or belt rope, chain or belt around the groove around the groove to make it do workto make it do work

Page 9: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Wheel and AxleWheel and Axle

Page 10: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Wheel & AxleWheel & Axle The wheel and axle The wheel and axle

are a simple are a simple machinemachine

The axle is a rod The axle is a rod that goes through that goes through the wheel which the wheel which allows the wheel to allows the wheel to turnturn

Gears are a form of Gears are a form of wheels and axleswheels and axles

Page 11: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Inclined PlaneInclined Plane

Page 12: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Inclined PlaneInclined Plane

An inclined plane is An inclined plane is a flat surface that is a flat surface that is higher on one endhigher on one end

Inclined planes Inclined planes make the work of make the work of moving things easiermoving things easier

Page 13: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

WedgeWedge

Page 14: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

WedgeWedge

Two inclined Two inclined planes joined planes joined back to back.back to back.

Wedges are used Wedges are used to split things.to split things.

Page 15: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

ScrewScrew

Page 16: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

A screw is an A screw is an inclined plane inclined plane wrapped around a wrapped around a shaft or cylinder. shaft or cylinder.

The inclined plane The inclined plane allows the screw allows the screw to move itself to move itself when rotated.when rotated.

ScrewScrew

Page 17: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Simple MachinesSimple Machines

Page 18: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo is helping his Eduardo is helping his family move out of their family move out of their old house. Help him old house. Help him decide which task would decide which task would be easier, and then help be easier, and then help him figure out what him figure out what simple machine makes the simple machine makes the job easier.job easier.

Page 19: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo has to move some Eduardo has to move some heavy boxes into the heavy boxes into the moving truck.moving truck.

AB

B would be easier because a ramp is an inclined plane.

Page 20: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo has to move a Eduardo has to move a heavy box a long heavy box a long distance.distance.A B

A would be easier because the wagon has wheels and axels.

Page 21: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo needs to tear Eduardo needs to tear off a piece of packing off a piece of packing tape.tape.

A B

B would be easier because the edges of the scissors are wedges.

Page 22: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo needs to move a heavy Eduardo needs to move a heavy box to his room on the fourth box to his room on the fourth floor.floor.

A B

B would be easier because Eduardo is using a pulley.

Page 23: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo needs to help his Eduardo needs to help his father move the father move the refrigerator.refrigerator.

A would be easier because the dolly is a lever (with wheels and an axel).

A B

Page 24: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo needs to help his father Eduardo needs to help his father change a flat tire on the moving change a flat tire on the moving truck.truck.

A B

B would be easier because a jack uses a screw.

Page 25: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Now that Eduardo and his Now that Eduardo and his family have reached family have reached their new house, they their new house, they need some help in need some help in unpacking their unpacking their belongings. Help belongings. Help Eduardo decide on the Eduardo decide on the best simple machine to best simple machine to use in each situation.use in each situation.

Page 26: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo needs to open the Eduardo needs to open the boxes his mom sealed with boxes his mom sealed with packing tape. What simple packing tape. What simple machine should he use?machine should he use?

Eduardo should use a wedge (probably a pair of scissors).

Page 27: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

The door to the moving truck The door to the moving truck is jammed shut. What simple is jammed shut. What simple machine might Eduardo’s father machine might Eduardo’s father use to open it?use to open it?

Eduardo’s father should use a lever (most likely a crowbar).

Page 28: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

There is a flagpole outside There is a flagpole outside Eduardo’s new school. What Eduardo’s new school. What simple machine could be used to simple machine could be used to raise and lower the flag?raise and lower the flag?

A pulley is used to raise and lower the flag.

Page 29: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo’s mom wants to hang a Eduardo’s mom wants to hang a cabinet in the new kitchen. cabinet in the new kitchen. What simple machine might she What simple machine might she use to attach it to the wall?use to attach it to the wall?

Eduardo’s mom could use a screw to attach the cabinet to the wall and hold it in place.

Page 30: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Eduardo helped his father Eduardo helped his father install doorknobs in the new install doorknobs in the new house. What kind of simple house. What kind of simple machine is a doorknob?machine is a doorknob?

A doorknob is a wheel and axle.

Page 31: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Simple MachinesSimple Machines

Page 32: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Identifying Simple Identifying Simple MachinesMachines

Inclined plane Wheel and axle Wedge

Screw Pulley Inclined plane

Page 33: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Image SourcesImage Sources

<http://etc.usf.edu/clipart><http://etc.usf.edu/clipart><http://www.oz.net/~peragine/doorknob.jpg><http://www.oz.net/~peragine/doorknob.jpg><http://www.theteachersguide.com/clipart/<http://www.theteachersguide.com/clipart/

scissors.gif>scissors.gif><http://www.weprintcolor.com/stockimages/<http://www.weprintcolor.com/stockimages/

construction/images/Black%20metal%20crowbar.jpg>construction/images/Black%20metal%20crowbar.jpg><http://67.19.222.106/military/graphics/<http://67.19.222.106/military/graphics/

flagpole.jpg>flagpole.jpg><http://www.morris.umn.edu/UMMimages/public/images/<http://www.morris.umn.edu/UMMimages/public/images/

campus_misc/flagpole.jpg>campus_misc/flagpole.jpg><http://www.phillips-screw.com/images/homeMain.jpg><http://www.phillips-screw.com/images/homeMain.jpg><http://mws.mcallen.isd.tenet.edu/mchi/ipc/ch15htm/<http://mws.mcallen.isd.tenet.edu/mchi/ipc/ch15htm/

images15/Screw.jpg>images15/Screw.jpg><http://www.discountramps.com/handi-van_ramp.gif><http://www.discountramps.com/handi-van_ramp.gif>http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~mwampole/1-http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~mwampole/1-

resources/simple-machines/flag-pole.jpgresources/simple-machines/flag-pole.jpg

Page 34: Machines Made Simple. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Simple Machines Six basic types Designed to make work easier Few or no moving parts Combine to

NSF North Mississippi GK-8NSF North Mississippi GK-8

Images Sources (cont.)Images Sources (cont.)

<http://www.physics.uwaterloo.ca/demo/<http://www.physics.uwaterloo.ca/demo/bikewheelgyro.html>bikewheelgyro.html>

<http://www.piratescave.co.uk/about_us.htm><http://www.piratescave.co.uk/about_us.htm>

<http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/<http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~mwampole/1-resources/simple-machines/~mwampole/1-resources/simple-machines/handicap-ramp.html>handicap-ramp.html>

<http://library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/<http://library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/wedge.htm>wedge.htm>

<http://www.idahoptv.org/dialogue4kids/<http://www.idahoptv.org/dialogue4kids/season7/simplemachines/facts.html>season7/simplemachines/facts.html>

<http://www.scienceclarified.com/Io-Ma/<http://www.scienceclarified.com/Io-Ma/Machines-Simple.html>Machines-Simple.html>


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