MacromoleculesWhat is in the food you eat?

Carbohydrates

We know CARBS as sugars and starches.

They are found in bread, fruits, vegetables, pasta, rice, potatoes, candy…

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are made

of long chains of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Carbo = Carbon Hydrate = Hydrogen +

Oxygen

Uses for Carbohydrates

In plants Carbohydrates are

created by photosynthesis

They are stored as the body of the plant (that is why when we eat fruits and vegetables, we get carbohydrates)

In animals Carbohydrates are

broken down through cellular respiration

They are used as FUEL in the cell.

Proteins Proteins are found in meat, milk, fish, and beans

Proteins

Proteins Proteins are made up of chains of POLYPEPTIDE

CHAINS Polypeptides are made up of AMINO ACIDS Amino acids are molecules made up of ATOMS

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lijQ3a8yUYQ

Uses for Proteins Proteins are essential in keeping life processes

running and have a variety of purposes. Structural proteins make up your skin and hair Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in the

blood Antigens are proteins and help fight disease and

infection Other proteins transmit chemical messages and

manage chemical reactions.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9G0zzdQx-M&feature=related

Lipids Lipids are what we call

know as FATS They are OILY and

WAXY and are INSOLUABLE in water

Lipids are found in fried foods, potato chips, meat, donuts

Lipids Lipids have hydrophilic

and hydrophobic ends. Hydro = Water Philic = Loves Phobic = Fears Hydrophilic = Loves

Water

Hydrophobic = Fears Water

Uses for Lipids Lipids make up the

CELL MEMBRANE by pairing up to form a lipid bi-layer with hydrophobic ends on the inside and hydrophilic ends on the outside.

Lipids are also used as HORMONES and STEROIDS in the body.

Nucleic Acids Nuclei Acids are made

of NUCLEOTIDES Nucleotides are

molecules made up up phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen.

Nucleic acids are found in foods with high protein content.

They are NOT found on a nutritional label!

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids carry GENETIC INFORMATION

They are the building blocks of DNA and RNA!

In the double helix, nucleic acids are the RUNGS of the latter.

Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamins are ORGANIC substances that are needed by your body in tiny amounts to carry out important tasks. Vitamins come from plants and animals.

Minerals are INORGANIC substances that are needed by your body in tiny amounts to carry out important tasks. Minerals come from the Earth or water.

Examples Vitamin A is needed

for vision Vitamin C is needed

for healthy skin Calcium is needed for

strong bones Iron is essential for

carrying oxygen in the blood

Employment Opportunity:

NUTRITIONISTWhat does a nutritionist do?

Nutritionists are specialists of nutrition. Some nutritionists do research while others help people who have nutritional deficiencies and eating disorders. Nutritionist can work for schools, hospitals, or nursing homes to supervising meal planning to ensure that nutritional requirements are met. At a hospital, a nutritionist might work with cancer patients to help them fight disease with proper nutrition.

A nutritionist who helps people lose weight is called a Dietician.

How do you become a nutritionist/dietician?

Graduate from high school Talk to a nutritionist or dietician about

what the work is like. Find an internship with an existing

nutritionist at a community center or nursing home.

Get an Associates degree or BS There are many programs in Denver

that offer Certificates (ex. NTI or Metro) An entry level position pays $38,000 a

year.