madeline flahive dinardo joel flagler therapy introduction to...

Introduction to Horticultural Therapy

Madeline Flahive DiNardo

Joel Flagler

MG Committee Chairs: Deb Murphy, Charlotte Gudrop, Mary Krauss,

Mary Roberts, Katherine Sabatino

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__This is part of 1 Horticultural Therapy Lecture

Handout, Master Gardener

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Slide 2 Introduction to Horticultural Therapy

Committee

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Slide 3 Introduction to Horticultural Therapy

Committee

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Introduction to Horticultural Therapy

Committee

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Slide 5

Horticultural Therapy:The Profession

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Slide 6 American Horticultural Therapy Association

https://www.ahta.org/

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Requirements to Become a

Registered Horticultural Therapist

• Bachelor degree in horticultural therapy

OR

• Bachlor degree with additional course work in plant science, horticultural therapy and human science

AND

• 480 hour internship

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Slide 8

Horticultural Therapy Program at Rutgers

https://plantbiology.rutgers.edu/hort-therapy/

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Slide 9

Any Questions from the Chat Room?

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Horticultural Therapy:Meeting the Audience’s Needs

Madeline Flahive DiNardoAgricultural and Resource Management Agent

Rutgers Cooperative Extension of Union County

[email protected]

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Slide 11 Let’s Talk About Working with

Senior Populations

• Challenges faced by senior populations

• Ways to adapt horticulture programs to help clients over-come challenges

• Project ideas

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Slide 12 Challenges Faced by Senior Populations

Physically Disabled Indoor Activities

• Choose projects that can be completed in 1 session.

• Provide opportunities for repeating skills frequently.

• Use adaptive tools.

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• Work with thick stemmed plants, such as geraniums and coleus

• Plants that have visible joints, like coleus, Swedish Ivy, pothos, and peperomia, are easier for people who may have shaky hands to manipulate.

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Memory Loss and Alzheimer’s Disease

• Have staff escort clients to meeting room

• Use picture prompts

• Select quick growing plants, such as sprouts, forcing paper white narcissus, and houseplants that are easy to propagate (root quickly).

• Prepare reminder lists

• Choose projects that may stimulate memory, such as plant or leaf identification.

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• If possible 1 volunteer per client is ideal

• Do not use poisonous plants (in any program)

• Be watchful for clients mistaking potting mix/ plants for food

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Challenges Faced by Senior Populations


Outdoor Garden Features

• Enclosed by wall or private fence

– Gives a sense of security

– People can not wander out of garden

• Water Source

– Sound of gently running water is relaxing

– Sensation of dipping hand in water

• Hills (small change in grade)

• Focal point in garden for orientation

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Visual Impairment

• Choose flowers with clear warm colors, such as reds, oranges and yellows.

– Blues, purples and greens are harder to distinguish.

• Large flowers, such as hibiscus, marigolds, roses, sunflowers and zinnias are easier to see.

• Stimulate other senses, such as touch and smell.

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Visual Impairment

Activities to stimulate the sense of smell:

• Share slices of oranges, for smell and taste

– Remove seeds from slices, check for dietary restrictions

• Vases for plant material, such as branches of evergreen such as pine or spruce, cut roses, herbs, especially mints

– Some people may be sensitive (allergic) to skin contact with some evergreen plants

• Sticks of cinnamon or cloves simmering in a pot in a safe location.

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Aphasia

• Communication disorder characterized by difficulty in speaking or understanding speech

• Causes: stroke, head injury, brain tumor

• Nonfluent Aphasia- limited vocabulary, slow hesitant speech, speech comprehension normal or close to normal

• Fluent Aphasia - may have difficulty understanding speech, may substitute words

• Speech therapist

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Aphasia

Program at Rusk Institute, New York, NY

Attended by patient and significant other

•Plant Propagation

• Succulent Garden

•Fresh Flower Arranging

•Kitchen Garden – plants from seeds and pits

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Aphasia

• Make sure you have the person’s attention

• Avoid background music and noise

• Talk in a regular tone, unless the person requests you speak louder

• Keep communication simple – but adult level

• Speak slower, pause between sentences

• Repeat or rephrase

• Yes or no responses?

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Aphasia

• Encourage speech

• Hand motions

• Facial expressions

• Picture prompts can be helpful

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Slide 23 Getting Seniors Involved

• A question for you…………………..

• Who knows best about what your

clients are interested in?

• The answer is …………………………..

• Your clients !

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Create an Interest Survey for Clients

TopicYes, I have done

this activity before !

I am interestedin this topic.

No, I am not interested in this activity.

Growing Houseplants

GrowingVegetables

Cooking withVegetables

GrowingHerbs

Arranging Flowers

Crafts

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Getting Seniors Involved

• Choose topics you can offer

• Using face symbols may help people with communication challenges

TopicYes, I have done

this activity before !

I am interestedin this topic.

No, I am not interested in this activity.

Growing Houseplants

GrowingVegetables

Cooking withVegetables

GrowingHerbs

Arranging Flowers

Crafts

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• Who else can you get activity

suggestions from?

• Horticultural Therapist

• Occupational Therapist

• Recreation Coordinator

• Family and Friends

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Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

WaterWindow plants

Check cuttings, water if needed


Check plants-water if needed


Check plants-water if needed


Look for insects

Dust off leaves

Look for insects

Check humiditytray

Look for insects

Check humiditytray

Dust off leaves

Changewater in flower vases

Place bouquets

in recroom

Change water inflower vases

Collectand clean vases

Createnew bouquets

Deliverybouquets

to new residents

Check water in vases

Daily Calendar of Tasks

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Getting Seniors Involved

Daily Calendar of Tasks

• Write up procedures for daily tasks in a large font and with pictures.

• Supplies clearly marked – and their “home”

• Routine is important –try to schedule for same time each day.

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• One hour sessions

• Clients should help with “clean-up” when possible

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Slide 30


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Project Ideas

• Bring in branches from dormant trees or shrubs. Talk about texture, color, buds, berries, seeds etc. Guess the name of the tree/shrub

• Force branches in vases of water. Have pictures of the branches in bloom.

– Recommended plants for easy forcing are forsythia, pussy willow and flowering quince

Winter Activities

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Slide 32 Project Ideas

Flower Arranging

• Use adaptive scissors

– Large hand grasp

– Spring loaded

• Talk about flowers

– Discuss fragrance, color etc.

Share flowers

– Friends who are bed-ridden

– Welcome bouquet to new residents

Photo: WrightStuff.biz

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Houseplant Clinic

Residents bring their houseplants to the meeting room, or staff bring plants from the facility. Each plant should have the owner’s name on it.

Objectives: Clients will

• learn plant and insect identification

• participate in a discussion about their plant

Skills used: speech, fine motor, eye hand coordination, cognitive - memory

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Project Ideas

Houseplant Clinic

• Start a discussion:

• What type of plant?

• What is your favorite thing about this plant?

• How long have you had it?

• Who gave it to you?

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Houseplant Clinic

• Demonstrate pinching and pruning

• Identify insects and remove with cotton swabs (no pesticides)

• Clean leaves with moist paper towel or dust cloth for textured leaves

• Talk about the best way to care for the plant in the future (light, water, monitor for insects). Give client a “care card” for the plant.

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Houseplant Clinic Supplies

• Reference Books

• Masking tape and markers

• Cotton swabs

• Moist paper towels

• Disposable dust cloths

• “Care Cards” you can fill out for clients

• Pruning shears / scissors

• Potting mix to freshen up mix

• Watering can or plastic bottle

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Project Ideas

Succulent Plants

Objective: clients will learn how to propagate a succulent plant from a leaf cutting and by division.

Skills used: fine motor, eye hand coordination

Note: Since this project takes a

while, it would be good for a

program that is ongoing, such as

a residential facility.

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Succulent Plants

Supplies Needed:

• Plants for leaf cuttings: Crassula – Jade plant; Sedum morganianum – Donkey or Burro’s Tail; Kalanchoe

• Plants for Division: Haworthia; Gasteria, Aloe

Sedum morganianum

Hawarthiaand Gasteria

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Succulent Plants

• Tray to propagate leaves in (seed starting tray or shallow pan with drainage holes)

• Potting mix: 2 parts peat to 1 part horticultural sand. Optional: 1 tablespoon bone meal per 2 quarts of mix.

• Plastic lettuce knife for division

• 2 inch pots for plants propagated by offset division.

• Pots for plants divided by root division (~ 2 to 4 inch pots)

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Project Ideas

Class on Succulent Plants

Preparation

For leaf cuttings:

• Succulent plants tend to root slowly, so it would be good to have a few plants rooted ahead of time (4-6 weeks for leaf cutting to get roots, and 2 months for the plantlet to form.)

• Three days before the program, take leaves from the middle of the plant and allow them to dry.

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Class on Succulents

Preparation

For division:

• If the offsets taken from the “parent” plant do not have roots, let them dry out a day or two before planting, to allow the wound heal. Having a few healed offsets on hand for clients to plant the day of the program would be helpful.

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Class on Succulent Plants

For Leaf Cuttings:

1. Clients fill tray with prepared potting mix.

2. Gently press the leaf, laid lengthwise, onto the potting mix surface.

3. Label the tray with the plant name and date.

4. Place the tray in bright, but indirect sunlight.

5. When roots appear, water gently and move to direct sunlight or under a plant light. These plants prefer to be kept on the dry side.

6. When the small plants grow out from the leaf are about the size of the leaf (~ 1 month), gently lift up the leaf and “baby” plant and transplant into a cell pack or 2 inch pot.

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Project Ideas

Class on Succulents

For Division of Offsets

1. Take the large “parent” plant out of its pot.

2. Gently pull the offsets off the plant. Some offsets will have roots, others may not.

3. Offsets with roots can be transplanted into 2 inch pots filled with the potting mix prepared for succulents.

4. Offsets with out roots should be allowed to heal and planted a day or two later.

5. Allow the potting mix to stay on the dry side. (about the top half inch of mix dry between waterings).

6. Label with plant name and date.

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Class on Succulents

For division by root ball:

1. Take the parent plant out of its pot.

2. Gently remove excess soil.

3. Cut the root ball and plant into pieces. The number of pieces depends on the size of the plant, but the idea is to have a plant cutting with a good root system attached. Note:succulents have small root systems.

4. Transplant the cutting into a pot about the size of the root ball. Use the succulent potting mix.

5. Label the cutting with the plant name and date.

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Slide 45

References

• Moore, Bibby. (1989) Growing with Gardening A Twelve Month Guide for Therapy, Recreation and Education . The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill and London.

• Wells, Suzanne (editor). (1997) Horticultural Therapy and the Older Adult Population. The Haworth Press, Inc., New York and London.

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Slide 47 Working with People Who

have Autism

• Explain the purpose of the project

• Break the activity into small parts

• Provide immediate feedback and encouragement

The Story Board

By Mary Roberts, HT

Master Gardener

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Slide 48

We will decorate a frame with pressed flowers. It will look beautiful. I can can put a picture in the frame. I can give it to someone as a gift.

1

• My Flower Frame

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I will get a frame. I will write my name on the back of the frame.

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• My Frame

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Slide 50

I will choose some pressed flowers to decorate my frame. We will talk about the flowers.

3

• Pressed Flowers

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Slide 51

4

• The Glue

I will put glue on the edges of my frame. I will use a brush to cover the edge of my frame with glue. It will be sticky. It will be white. I can wipe my hands. I can ask for help.

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I will put my pressed flowers on top of the glue.

5

•My Flowers

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Slide 53

The glue will start to dry. It will turn colors from white to clear. I will brush some more glue on top of my flowers.

6

• More Glue !

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Slide 54

When the glue dries, it will make the edge of the look very shiny ! I will bring it home and let it dry. It might take a day for the glue to dry.

7

• The glue will dry.

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I will enjoy my beautiful flower frame !

8

• My Frame

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Slide 56

Let’s Chat!

• Any Questions?

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madeline flahive dinardo joel flagler therapy introduction to...

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