Madison and the War of 1812

Why do people fight wars?

What caused this war? Give as many answers as you can!

Madison

• Who was Madison?

• Southern Conservative

• Democratic-Republican

• He was pressured by others to go to war!

Father of the Constitution,” writer of the Federalist Papers, and Dolly Madison’s husband

Madison as President• What

problems did he face?

• Problems with the Natives

• People pressured for war

• Trade and the war between Britain and France

• Sectionalism and Federalists (power and slavery)

Causes of the War of 1812 = Natives

• What caused the War of 1812

1. Problems with Natives:• Different culture = different beliefs• Indians helped the British during the

Revolution• Louisiana Purchase threatened lands

again.• Tecumseh formed a confederation of

natives.• Battle of Tippecanoe – Americans (led

by William Henry Harrison) defeated the natives (Tecumseh not there)

• British supplied them and told them to attack AmericansTecumseh

This battle led to even more problems with the natives. Tecumseh would go on to help the British against the Americans in the War of 1812.

Causes = “War Hawks”

• What caused the War of 1812?

2. “War Hawks” • Young Democratic Republicans• Pressured Madison for war

against Great Britain because:– They were anti-British

– Impressment

– Jay’s Treaty and ship seizing

– British helped the Natives

– Wanted to take over Canada.

– NATIONALISM! War Hawks were led by Henry Clay

Causes = Britain and France

• What caused the War of 1812?

3. Trade and the war between Britain and France

• Americans wanted to trade

• Ship seizing and British impressment continued

British

French

Causes = Madison’s “Solution”

• What caused the War of 1812?

4. Madison’s “Solution”• Offered to trade with the

nation that would stop seizing ships and respect American neutrality.

• France agreed

• British blockaded the American ports

What happened during the war?

What does this mean?

What do you think this means?

The War of 1812 Begins

• How did the War of 1812 begin?

• Pressure was growing• In NYC harbor - British

warship blockading the port was attacked and defeated by a US frigate

• Madison asked Congress for war

War of 1812 (Part 1)• What happened

during the War of 1812?

• U.S. was not ready: Jefferson had made military smaller

• Britain was at war with France

• War of 1812 was a tie: The Americans won battles at sea (and lakes)

• The U.S. failed in their invasion of Canada.

War of 1812 (Part 1)• What happened

during the War of 1812?

• Change: British beat France

– Invaded the U.S. and burned Washington D.C. (including the White House).

• Invasion was stopped at Ft. McHenry in Baltimore (Star Spangled Banner).

• Last Battle: New Orleans

– Won by the Americans

– Made it look like the U.S. won the war!

Results and Importance

• Treaty of Ghent ended the War – returned things to the same as they were before the war.

• Heroes: Andrew Jackson (New Orleans the people’s hero) and William Henry Harrison (defeated Natives) would become presidents.

• Abolitionist Movement: African Americans helped and got respect in the North. Led more people to be against slavery

Results and Importance

• Federalist Party died: Hartford Convention called for the North to secede and join with Britain – Battle of New Orleans

made them look like traitors. Nobody could be a Federalist anymore!

• Sectionalism grew - no more parties fighting

• Native American Removal: The Natives would be moved off of their land because they lost.

What were the results of this war?

What were the results of this war?