madni qaida e
TRANSCRIPT
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! "#"$% ' " (%#") "*+,-./0+1*2 1*3045 16 +78 /8++8*5 The literal meaning of the word Makhraj is the point of outlet. In terms of Tajw īd the
articulatory organ of an Arabic letter is called Makhraj (articulator).
98++8*5 :0+831*2 "*+,-./0+1*
, !alqiyya ĥ Letters Pronounced from the bottom part of the throat
, ! # Pronounced from the middle part of the throat
,
! # Pronounced from the top part (pharynx) of thethroat
La ĥawiyya ĥ Letters Pronounced from the root of the tongue and thesoft palate
! # Pronounced from the root of the tongue and the
hard palate
, , Shajariyya ĥ Letters Pronounced from the middle of the tongue andthe middle of the palate
!āfiy āĥ Letter Pronounced from the sides of the tongue andthe roots of the upper molars
,
,
"arafiyya ĥ LettersPronounced from the edge of the tongue and the
part of the roots of the teeth towards the palate
, , Ni#’iyya ĥ Letters Pronounced from the tip of the tongue and the
roots of the upper front teeth
, , Lišawiyya ĥ Letters Pronounced from the top of the tongue and the
inner edge of the upper teeth
, , $af īriya ĥ Letters Pronounced from the tip of the tongue and theinner edges of both (front-upper) teeth
Shafawiyya ĥ
Letters
Pronounced from the edge of the upper front teeth
and the wet part of the lower lip
! # Pronounced from the wet part of both lips
! # Pronounced from the dry part of both lips
! # Pronounced by the rounding of both lips
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! "#"$% ' " (%#")
!"#$%"& ()*#+%, -." "/0#1#23 14/ 5.6& (7"%28#14 0.""/01 %"1#076%1#.2
Presented by
!0;/,5 !0
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An English translation of ‘Madani Qa’idah’
ALL R IGHTS R ESERVED
Copyright © 2014 Maktaba-tul-Madinah
No part of this publication may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of Maktaba-tul-Madinah.
Edition: First
1st Publication: Rajab-ul-Murajjab, 1435 AH – (May, 2014)
Publisher: Maktaba-tul-Madinah
Quantity:
ISBN:
Sponsorship
Feel free to contact us if you wish to sponsor the printing of a religious book or booklet for the
Isal-e-Sawab of your deceased family members.
Maktaba-tul-Madinah
Aalami Madani Markaz, Faizan-e-Madinah Mahallah Saudagran,
Purani Sabzi Mandi, Bab-ul-Madinah, Karachi, Pakistan
! Email: [email protected] - [email protected]
" Phone: +92-21-34921389-93 – 34126999
# Web: www.dawateislami.net
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iii
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iv
>*045/,+8*0+,14 :70*+
A/a Ř /ř L/l
A/a Z/z M/m
B/b X/x N/n
P/p S/s V/v, W/w
T/t Sh/sh
"/# !/$ / / Ĥ/ ĥ
Š/š %/& Y/y
ج
J/j ط '/( ے Y/y
چ
Ch ظ )/* ◌ A/a
ح +/, ع ‘ ◌ U/u
خ
Kh/khغ
Gh/gh ◌ I/i
د
D/d ف F/f Ū/ū
ڈ
-/. ق Q/q Ī/ī
ذ
Ż/ż ك K/k Ā/ā
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Dear Islamic brothers! Dawat-e-Islami’s Majlis-e-Tarā jim, a department responsible for
reproducing the books and booklets of Amīr-e-A ĥl-e-Sunnat founder of Dawat-e-Islami
‘Allāma ĥ Maulānā Abu Bilal Muhammad Ilyas Attar Qadiri Razavi !" ' 7" / %8" ' 9" - %& :;" :
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vi
"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'*+ ) $ -. /$ +, +.0 '1'3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )* '2 $ - /$ '. 8$)*"67 '2" 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
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'&!" # $ / "% :L" -M ' N" - %'12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6 ! In order to spread the teachings of the Holy Quran, Dawat-e-Islami, the
non-political global movement for the propagation of the Holy Quran and Sunna ĥ hasestablished countless Madāris (schools) titled Madrasa-tul-Madīna ĥ in Pakistan and
abroad. These Madāris hold classes of +if * and Nā*ira ĥ. To date, approximately 72,000
Madanī children are being taught +if * and Nā*ira ĥ for free in Pakistan. Similarly,
Madrasa-tul-Madīna ĥ classes (for male adults) are held in various Masā jid etc. almost
daily after !alāt-ul-‘Ishā’. Islamic brothers learn the correct recitation of the Holy Quran,
pronouncing the Arabic letters from their proper articulators (Makhārij), Du’ās
(supplications), !alāĥ and the Sunan, all for free. In addition, thousands of Madrasa-tul-
Madīna ĥ classes (for female adults) are held daily within the homes not just in Pakistan,but also in several other countries of the world. As an example, to date, approximately
1,317 Madrasa ĥ classes for Islamic sisters take place almost on a daily basis in Bāb-ul-
Madīna ĥ (Karachi), in which more than 12,017 Islamic sisters learn the Holy Quran, !alāĥ,
Sunan and Du’ās, all for free.
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Madani Qai’dah
vii
!" # $ / "% :L" -M ' N" - %'&'12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6 ! The experienced teachers of Madrasa-tul-Madīna ĥ have compiled this Madanī Qā’idaĥ to make learning of the Holy Quran easier. The Madanī Qā’idaĥ presents the
fundamental rules of Tajw īd (elocution) in a simplified form for both the young and the
aged students, so that all children, Islamic brothers and Islamic sisters may easily learn
the correct recitation of the Holy Quran. Expert Qurrā` (reciters of the Holy Quran)
:;" : O ' ? " '1 P" ' Q %& " # $ " ' = :! " FG8 ' 9 have carefully checked and verified the contents of the Madanī Qā’idaĥ with
regards to the rules of Tajw īd.
For guidance on how to teach the Madanī Qā’idaĥ, the book named ‘Raĥnumā-e-
Mudarrisī n’ (a guide book) has also been published; it contains a great deal of the teaching
methodology for each lesson. The V.C.D. of the Madanī Qā’idaĥ will also be released verysoon by Maktaba-tul-Madīna ĥ, a department of Dawat-e-Islami %&'()* ' + -. /& " !" # $ '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6 ; it will befurther helpful in understanding the Madanī Qā’idaĥ thereby making the recitation of the
Holy Quran easier.
As per our Madanī objective set out by Amīr-e-A ĥl-e-Sunnat, the founder of Dawat-e-
Islami, ‘Allāma ĥ Maulānā Abu Bilal Muhammad Ilyas Attar Qadiri Razavi ' B&'C " ' @ -A " ' > ' ? " : =8 " :
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viii
! "#"$%
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1
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Madani Qai’dah
2
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
5
! Pronounce Zabar by opening the mouth and raising the voice, Zayr by
dropping the voice and Paysh by the rounding of the lips.
! Pronounce the +arak āt in Arabic accent without stretching or jerking the voice.
! If a +arakat or Jazm is present on ‘ 1:, ;
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
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-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
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Madani Qai’dah
8
= 1 >8 / ? , @ 1 9 To become pious and to abide by Sunna ĥ, keep invoking it all the time.
!I5J%*>?7>?@795& //0 GKF3
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Madani Qai’dah
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% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O % 04AC4
! Double Zabar , double Zayr and double Paysh is called ‘Tanw īn’.
A letter carrying Tanw īn is called Munawwan.
! In fact Tanw īn is a ‘Nūn Sākin’ that lies at the end of the phrase, that is why Tanw īn
sounds like ‘Nūn Sākin’, e.g. ‘ ! / A1:, ! ,:/ A , ! 8:/ A ’
! Spell out the examples of Tanw īn as follows: ! / B C, DE double Zabar / F 1 D, ! / B C, DE
double Zayr , D/ F , ! / B C, DE double Paysh / F 8 D ! , ,
! Sometimes ‘:’ or ‘G’ is shown after double Zabar, do not pronounce it duringsyllabification.
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E $ ' G"F % 7$ " ?'C C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1- 5$ % )*'2 '3 % 4 + &$ ' /$ "67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$ % )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?
'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O % 78 98++8*5 16 !0
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )* $)*"67$ - /$ '. 8 '2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O % 78 98++8*5 16 9C4
! There are two letters of Līn: ‘OP 1O’ and ‘= 1 >’
! When there is Zabar before OP 1O Sākin, it becomes ‘OP 1O Līn’ e.g. . When there is
Zabar before = 1 > Sākin, then it becomes ‘= 1 > Līn’ e.g. .
! Pronounce the letters of Līn gently in Arabic accent without any elongation.
! Spell out in this way: ! 1 Q= OP 1O Zabar , ! 1 Q= 1 >= Zabar ! , .
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1 $ ' /$ - 5$ % )*'2 '3 % 4 + & "67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$ % )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?
'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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_ `_a:%\_
Zayr is not
used before
‘OP 1O’ Sākin
Paysh is not
used before
‘= 1 >’ Sākin
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Madani Qai’dah
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1*'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O % 057
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Madani Qai’dah
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is pronounced by joining it with the Mushaddad letter e.g. / E 86 W / \ 1 @ 1 i will be pronounced
as / E 86 j1 k1 U.! In addition to practising Tashdīd in this lesson, distinguish clearly between the letters
that sound somewhat similar.
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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Madani Qai’dah
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, o1 U = 1 >8E / C Invoke it 21 times (recite !alāt-‘Alan-Nabī once before and after the invocation),blow on water and drink it or make it drink to others before breakfast for 40 days,
the memory (of the one who drinks this water) will be strengthened %&'()* ' + -. /& " !" # $ '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6 .!L85M595N OPQQ%9*,,5N. //0 A13
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Madani Qai’dah
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O % 78 :0585 16 9 $" : . ; \HK,4
! There are three cases of / B C, DE Sākin: (1) Idghām-e-Shafaw ī (2) Ikhf ā-e-Shafaw ī (3) I% ĥār-e-Shafaw ī.
1. Idghām-e-Shafaw ī: When another / B C, DE is present after / B C, DE Sākin, Idghām-e-Shafaw ī is done within the / B C, DE Sākin i.e. Ghunna ĥ is done.
2. Ikhf ā-e-Shafaw ī: If ‘Z’ is present after / B C, DE Sākin, Ikhf ā-e-Shafaw ī is done within
the / B C, DE Sākin i.e. Ghunna ĥ is done.
3. I% ĥār-e-Shafaw ī: If any letter other than ‘Z’ or ‘’ is present after / B C, DE Sākin,
I* ĥār-e-Shafaw ī is done within the / B C, DE Sākin i.e. Ghunna ĥ is not done.
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 ' ;$ '.
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Madani Qai’dah
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! Except the H 1 I of the Ism-e-Jalālat – p q 6 o;1: ( '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6), all other H 1 I will be pronounced inthin tone.
! The conditions in which the letter :1l is pronounced in thick tone:
a) When :1l carries Zabar or Paysh
b) When :1l carries double Zabar or double Paysh
c) When :1l carries Vertical Zabar
d) When letter before : 1l Sākin carries Zabar or Paysh
e) When there is Temporary Zayr before : 1l Sākin
f) When there is Zayr before :1l Sākin in the preceding word
g) When any letter belonging to the Letters of Musta’liya ĥ is present after :1l Sākinin the same word
! The conditions in which the letter :1l is pronounced in thin tone:
a) When there is Zayr or double Zayr under : 1l
b) When there is A$lī Zayr (Original Zayr) before : 1l Sākin in the same word
c) When there is = 1 > Sākina ĥ before :1l Sākin
! Temporary !arakat: In the Holy Quran, there are some words that begin with the
letter
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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6. Madd Līn-‘Āri': If a temporary Suk ūn [i.e. a letter becomes Sākin by virtue
of Waqf (pause)] is found after a letter of Līn, then it will be Madd Līn-‘Āri&
e.g. .
! Whilst pronouncing Madd ‘Āri& and Madd Līn-‘Āri&, elongate up to 3 Zayr , / t 1 uv 1w Zabar ! .
! SR 1 2
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )* $ '. 8$)*"67$ - / '2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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! In the six words mentioned below, do not pronounce the
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! {& ! In the Holy Quran, there are four words which contain the letter SR 1 s, but athin / T , | is also written upon SR 1 s, these words are pronounced as: In (1) and (2) only
pronounce f, in (3) it is permissible to either pronounce & or f and in (4) only
pronounce &.
!
Tas ĥī
l: The meaning of Tas ĥī
l is to make soft i.e. pronounce the secondĤ
amza ĥ
with a soft tone. In the Holy Quran there is only one word where Tas ĥīl is Wā jib.
! Imāla ĥ: To incline the sound of Zabar towards Zayr and the sound of
is called Imāla ĥ. The ‘:1l’ of Imāla ĥ is pronounced ‘} 1l’ instead of ‘G,l’.
! Spell out Imāla ĥ as follows: B / C, DE B / C , ]E Zabar / ~ 1 D, : 1l of Imāla ĥ 1l} ! / •1 Dr , = 1 u
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'*"#$ % &$ ' ($ % ) + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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! (# $ %& ' Qu#nī ! When Ĥamza ĥ Wa$lī is present after Tanw īn, the Ĥamza ĥ Wa$lī is
dropped in case of Wa$l (without pausing) and the 8 n . B / m A Sākin of Tanw īn is givenZayr and a small 8 n . B / m A is usually shown with it, this 8 n . B / m A is called ‘ (# $ %& ' Qu(nī’.
! Signs of Waqf (Pause): Some of the signs of Waqf are described below:
a) O ! This is the sign of Waqf Tām and indicates the completion of Quranic verse,
one ought to make pause at it.
b)
! This is the sign of Waqf Lāzim, one must make pause at it.
c) ! This is the sign ofط Waqf Mu(laq, it is better to make pause at it.
d) ! ج This is the sign of Waqf Jāiz, it is better to make pause at it but it is also
permissible to continue.
e) ! This is the sign of Waqf Mujawwaz, it is permissible to make pause at it but itis better to avoid pause at it.
f) ! This is the sign of Waqf Murakhkha$, one should not make pause at it.g) ! If the sign is present above the sign of verse i.e. , there is difference inال
opinion about whether to make pause or not. If ‘ال’ is present without the sign
verse, then do not make pause.
! I’āda ĥ (Repetition): After making Waqf, to repeat from preceding verse without pauseis called I’āda ĥ.
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"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O % 0KDC*=8=>0(*C?0R 8p q 6 o;1:1:/ „ 8 1…
g04H 8 |1h ,\ / t 1 †, Q 1O 16E 8 ‡ q 6 o;: 1̂ 1 ‰ q †/ @
q ;,: L1y 1O 1h 86\ 1 ] q Š= 1 ‹ 1 W 1O 1̂ 8 t / |: 1h1l= 1 @1 W 1O . 1h 8 / ? 1 Œ 1 (
>0(0AA.h = , Q
8d
/ m
8 i1:
,E
/ C
, ]
16r ;:
,F
q _
/ C 16 Ž;:
1F , D
,q 6
>05?,20R + O %
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\G*0R "/=FH+,(0R
' W % X'*"# % & +R -. S + T+.0 '1 YZ '3 % 4 + & ' / - 5 % )* [+H - & % P '.UV* \ YZ +L % M + P '.UV* ]+̂ + / - D \ % 7 ' _ Y` +H % _ +.#)* + 9 a"# " b % 5 ' c 'dC '. _ +* \ 'dC '. _ +* '2 Ỳ "3 % 4 + 5 ' e %
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Tasha ĥĥud
8b= 16 C , †16 j;1:, q 6,8b q m 1 o 16 –;: 1O1O8— q @ ,6 ̃ 16 _;: ( 8H 1™. 16 ‚;1:=. 1 ‡ 86 >1: 1̂ . / C1 o1 U86 ,š . 16 ›;:1O, q 6: 8œ. 1 t / ” 1l
1O" 8 W M 1 N 1r 1 Q ( ,S=. 1 @ , i q . 1 U1O =. 1 ‰/ ̃1 o1 U 8H 1™ 16 ‚;1:, q 6:, o. q 6 –;:1 / T , †
( 8\ 1 ‡. / 1: 16y,: 1.. q ;,: L16y / A1:
1O 8 q 6:" 8 ; / m 8 |1l 1O "“ 8\ / @ 1 i : x\ 16 t 1 †8 D 16A1: 8\ 1 ‡ / 1: \̀Y
Durūd-e-Ibrāĥīm
1r . / Q,: Lq . 1 U 1— / C16 o. 1 s =. 1 t 1 ž 3\. 16 t 1 †8 D ,J q : Lq . 1 U16O 3\. 16 t 1 †8 D q 1 U 6,Ÿ 1 s 16E 8 ‡ q 6 o;1::q : q . 1 U1O 1E / C, u ,J
1r / Q,:: X\ / C , •16 D X\ / C, t 1 ” 1̂ 16 n ,: 1E / C, u\Y 16O 3\ 16 t 1 †8 D q 1 U / h,l= 1 Q 16E 8 ‡ q 6 o;1: Lq . 1 U=. 1 t 1 ž 3\. 16 t 1 †8 D ,J q :
1
— / ž 1l=
1 Q
1r
/ Q
,: L
q 1 U:
1E
/ C
, u
1O L
q 1 U
1r
/ Q
,:
,J q ::
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,:
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\YDu’ā-e-Māšūra ĥ
"q 6 o;1:16E 8 ‡ # +.0 '1 %‰ + Š % / ' 5 % N* 'L % M + i " D ‹ - Œ '. 8)*+6 '2 %H + D "F+.1 %‰ + '. _Ž '1C ' '. E '2 ' $
%~ '. b ' i +‘y ' ? "’ Y g“\ C ' '. E '1
%” + %– + — % v* '2 ' 7 + )'.̃ '# + )* '2 % ™ " &
% / + )'3 % 4 + + š ' 9 % 7 ' _' _ $ " 9 % 7 " i "0C '
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#.(H=8='.4G+
16E 8 ‡ q 6 o;1:= 16 n ,:1O 1̂ 8 ‰/ ̃ , ‹ 1 j / ‚ 1 n1O 1h 8r , ƒ / 5 1 j / ‚ 1 n8F , D / ¡ 8 n1O 1̂ , Q8Ÿ 16 N 1m 1 j1 n1O 1̂ . / C1 o1 U1̂ . / C1 o1 U / ,¢ . / £8 n 1/ ? 1 ¤/;:
( 1O1O 1h 8r 8 ¥ / Ž 1 n1O 1h 8r . 8 ƒ/ ¦ 1 n 1y/ ¤1 n8’ . 1 o1O8h 8 / §. 1 n/ F . 1 D1h 8r . 8 •/ ƒ16 >( 16E. 8 ‡ q 6 o;1:1h=. 16 >,:
8\ 8 @ / ‹ 1 n 1O1̂ 1 ;/ 6, 1 – 8 n1O8\ 8 • / ‚ 1 n1O 1̂ / C1 ;,:q ̈ / ‚ 1 n1O8\ , ƒ / †1 n1O / r 1 n/ m 8 ]1̂ 1 j1 t / ”1l1Oq © / ¤1 n
1̂ 1 Q : 1ª 1 U16A,:1̂ 1 Q : 1ª 1 U,l= 16 ƒ8 ¦ /; = , Q X« ,
†/ o
8 D
\Y
!
-. ST* '.› +*ƒ, ' e$
' ‚ + œ /$ ' D '2 'R K +.ž + b
'. )* ž ' / ' s '› Ÿ ‹ ". Œ ' 8$ " _
C † &$ % @ + /$ Ÿ
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50
"#$ % &$ ' ($ % )'* + )+,$ -. /$ +.0 '1'2 '3
% 4 + &$ ' /$ - 5$ % )*"67$ - /$ '. 8$)*'2 " 9:' ;$ '. $ ' ?+#$ +. @$ ' A % B$ " &$
% )* '3 % 4$ + /$ ' A
C$ '. D'* "#$ % 5$$ ' E"F % 7$ " ?'C$ ' G C$ + E+,$
-. /$)'H$ + D +H - I$ % @$
'. J$)* K +L % M + N '. B$)*+ O %
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Question: How many Madda ĥ letters are there? Mention them. (Lesson 7)
Answer: Madda ĥ letters are 3 in number and these are:
Question: How it becomes 1:, ;= Madda ĥ? (Lesson 7)
Answer: When there is Zabar before 1:, ; Madda ĥ.
Question: How the Madda ĥ letters are pronounced? (Lesson 7)
Answer: The letters of Madda ĥ are pronounced by elongating them up to one 1:, ;
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52
Question: How will OP 1O and = 1 > become ‘OP 1O Līn’ and ‘= 1 > Līn’ respectively? (Lesson 9)
Answer: When there is Zabar before OP 1O Sākin, it becomes ‘OP 1O Līn’. When there is Zabar
before = 1 > Sākin, it becomes ‘= 1 > Līn’.
Question: What is the meaning of Qalqala ĥ? (Lesson 11)
Answer: The meaning of Qalqala ĥ is movement, there should be somewhat movement at
the Makhārij (articulator) when pronouncing these letters such that the sound rebounds.
Question: How many Letters of Qalqala
ĥ are there, which are these and what is theircombined form? (Lesson 11)
Answer: There are five Letters of Qalqala ĥ ‘+, (, Z, [ , S’, their combination is ‘ 8 - . 36\ 1 ] 8̂ 8 _ ’.
Question: When will Qalqala ĥ be made more prominent in the Letters of Qalqala ĥ?
(Lesson 11)
Answer: When the Letters of Qalqala ĥ are Sākin, Qalqala ĥ should be more prominent.
Question: How to pronounce the letter of Qalqala ĥ when it is Mushaddad? (Lesson 11)
Answer: When the letter of Qalqala ĥ is Mushaddad, it is pronounced with stress.
Question: How to pronounce Ĥamza ĥ Sākina ĥ ( / :, / ̀ )? (Lesson 11)
Answer: Ĥamza ĥ Sākina ĥ ( / :, / ̀ ) is always pronounced with jerk.
Question: How many cases are there regarding 8 n . B / m A Sākin and Tanw
īn and what are these?
(Lesson 12)
Answer: There are four cases regarding 8 n . B / m A Sākin and Tanw īn: (1) ( )* + , (-./ (I* ĥār)
(2) ./"2* + 0 " 1 (Ikhf ā) (3) ./" 3* + 4"5 (Idghām) (4) ./"6 +7" 8 (Iqlāb).
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Question: Describe the case of I* ĥār. (Lesson 12)
Answer: If any of the +alqiyya ĥ letters is present after 8 n . B / m A Sākin or Tanw īn, thenI* ĥār will be made i.e. nasalization (Ghunna ĥ) will not be done whilst pronouncing such
8 n . B / m A Sākin and Tanw īn.
Question: How many +alqiyya ĥ letters are there and what are these? (Lesson 12)
Answer: +alqiyya ĥ letters are six in number and they are: `, , V , a , * and % .
Question: Describe the case of Ikhf ā? (Lesson 12)
Answer: If any of the Ikhf ā letter is present after 8 n . B / m A Sākin or Tanw īn, then Ikhf ā will be
made i.e. nasalization (Ghunna ĥ) will be done whilst pronouncing such 8 n . B / m A Sākin andTanw īn.
Question: How many Ikhf ā letters are there and what are these? (Lesson 12)
Answer: The Ikhf ā letters are 15 in number and these are: b, c, [ , S, d, e, f, g, &, ',
(, ), K, +, h.
Question: What is Tashdīd and what is the term for a letter carrying the sign of Tashd īd?
(Lesson 13)
Answer: The w-shaped diacritic is called Tashdīd. A letter carrying Tashdīd sign is
called Mushaddad.
Question: How to pronounce 8 n . B / m A Mushaddad and B / C, DE Mushaddad? (Lesson 13)
Answer: The 8 n . B / m A Mushaddad and the B / C, DE Mushaddad will always be pronounced withGhunna ĥ (nasalization).
Question: What is Ghunna ĥ and what is its duration? (Lesson 13)
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Answer: Ghunna ĥ means to pronounce with nasalization (taking the sound into the nose)
and its duration is equivalent to one
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Question: Describe the rule regarding Ikhf ā-e-Shafaw ī. (Lesson 15)
Answer: If ‘Z’ is present after B / C, DE Sākin, Ikhf ā-e-Shafaw ī is done within the B / C, DE Sākini.e. Ghunna ĥ is done.
Question: Describe the rule regarding I* ĥār-e-Shafaw ī. (Lesson 15)
Answer: If any letter other than ‘Z’ or ‘’ is present after B / C, DE Sākin, I* ĥār-e-Shafaw ī isdone within the B / C, DE Sākin i.e. Ghunna ĥ is not done.
Question: What is meant by Tafkhīm and Tarqīq? (Lesson 16)
Answer: The meaning of Tafkhīm is to pronounce the letter in thick tone and that of
Tarqīq is to pronounce the letter in thin tone.
Question: When to pronounce the H 1 I of the Ism-e-Jalālat – p q 6 o;1: ( '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6) in thick tone andwhen to pronounce it in thin tone? (Lesson 16)
Answer: If the letter before the H 1 I of the Ism-e-Jalālat – p q 6 o;1: ( '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6) carries Zabar orPaysh, then the H 1 I of the Ism-e-Jalālat – p q 6 o;1: ( '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6) will be pronounced in thick tone and
if the letter before the H 1 I of the Ism-e-Jalālat – p q 6 o;1: ( '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6) carries Zayr, then the H 1 I of the
Ism-e-Jalālat – p q 6o;1: ( '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6) will be pronounced in thin tone.
Question: Under what condition,
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Question: Indicate the conditions under which :1l will be pronounced in thick tone.
(Lesson 16)
Answer: Under following conditions : 1l will be pronounced in thick tone:
a) When :1l carries Zabar or Paysh
b) When :1l carries double Zabar or double Paysh
c) When :1l carries Vertical Zabar
d) When letter before :1l Sākin carries Zabar or Paysh
e) When there is Temporary Zayr before :1l Sākin
f) When there is Zayr before :1l Sākin in the preceding word
g) When any letter belonging to the Letters of Musta’liya ĥ is present after :1l Sākinin the same word.
Question: Indicate the conditions under which :1l will be pronounced in thin tone.(Lesson 16)
Answer: Under following conditions :1l will be pronounced in thin tone:
a) When there is Zayr or double Zayr under : 1l
b) When there is A$lī Zayr (Original Zayr) before :1l Sākin in the same word
c) When there is = 1 > Sākina ĥ before : 1l Sākin
Question: What is an ‘Āri&ī (temporary) Zayr? (Lesson 16)
Answer: In the Holy Quran, there are some words that begin with the letter
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Question: What is the meaning of Madd? What are the causes of Madd? (Lesson 17)
Answer: The meaning of Madd is to stretch and elongate. There are two causes for Madd:(1) Ĥamza ĥ (2) Suk ūn .
Question: How many types of Madd are there and what are these? (Lesson 17)
Answer: There are 6 types of Madd: (1) Madd Mutta$il, (2) Madd Munfa$il, (3) Madd
Lāzim, (4) Madd Līn-Lāzim, (5) Madd ‘Āri& (6) Madd Līn-‘Āri&
Question: Describe the case of Madd Mutta$il. (Lesson 17)
Answer: If Ĥamza ĥ is present after a letter of Madda ĥ in the same word, then it will be
Madd Mutta$il (adjacent).
Question: Describe the case of Madd Munfa$il. (Lesson 17)
Answer: If Ĥamza ĥ is present after a letter of Madda ĥ in the next word, then it will be
Madd Munfa$il (distant).
Question: How much Madd Mutta$il and Madd Munfa$il need to be elongated? (Lesson 17)
Answer: Whilst pronouncing Madd Mutta$il and Madd Munfa$il, elongate the tone up
to 2, 2½ or 4
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Question: How much Madd Lāzim and the Madd Līn-Lāzim need to be elongated?
(Lesson 17)
Answer: Whilst pronouncing Madd Lāzim and Madd Līn-Lāzim, elongate up to 3, 4 or 5 1:
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Answer: To stop the sound and then to continue reading ahead holding the breath is
called Sakta ĥ i.e. the sound should stop whilst holding the breath.
Question: What is the meaning of Tas ĥīl? (Lesson 20)
Answer: The meaning of Tas ĥīl is to make soft i.e. pronounce the second Ĥamza ĥ with a
soft tone.
Question: What is Imāla ĥ? (Lesson 20)
Answer: To incline the sound of Zabar towards Zayr and the sound of is called Imāla ĥ.
Question: How is the :1l of Imāla ĥ pronounced? (Lesson 20)
Answer: The :1l of Imāla ĥ is pronounced ‘} 1l’ instead of ‘G,l’.
Question: What is meant by Waqf ? (Lesson 21)
Answer: The meaning of Waqf is to pause or stop.
Question: How to deal with if there is a Zabar, Zayr, Paysh, or even double Zayr or double
Paysh on the last letter of the phrase in case of Waqf? (Lesson 21)
Answer: If Zabar, Zayr, Paysh, double Zayr or double Paysh is present on the last letter of
the phrase, then make that (last) letter Sākin when making Waqf.
Question: If there is Tanw īn of double Zabar on the last letter of a phrase, then how to
deal with it in case of Waqf? (Lesson 21)
Answer: If double Zabar is present on the last letter of the phrase, then pronounce it
as
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Question: If there is rounded = 1 W i.e. ‘Y’ in case of Waqf, how to deal with it? (Lesson 21)
Answer: If the last letter of the word is rounded = 1 W i.e. ‘Y’, then no matter which +arakat orTanw īn it carries, pronounce it as ‘ ’ when making Waqf.
Question: What is 8 n . B / m A Qu(nī? (Lesson 21)
Answer: When Ĥamza ĥ Wa$lī is present after Tanw īn, the Ĥamza ĥ Wa$lī is dropped in
case of Wa$l (without pausing) and the 8 n . B / m A Sākin of Tanw īn is given Zayr and a small 8 n . B / m A
is usually shown with it, this 8 n . B / m A is called 8 n . B
/ m A Qu(nī.
Question: Which type of Waqf is expressed by the circular sign ‘O’ and what should be
done at this sign? (Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Tām and indicates the completion of Quranic verse, one
ought to make pause at it.
Question: Which type of Waqf is denoted by ‘’ and what is the rule regarding it? (Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Lāzim, one must make pause at it.
Question: Which type of Waqf is denoted by ‘ط’ and what is the rule regarding it?
(Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Mu(laq, it is better to make pause at it.
Question: Which type of Waqf is denoted by ‘ج’ and what is the rule regarding it?
(Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Jāiz, it is better to make pause at it but it is also permissible
to continue.
Question: Which type of Waqf is denoted by ‘’ and what is the rule regarding it? (Lesson 21)
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Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Mujawwaz, it is permissible to make pause at it but it is
better to avoid pause at it.
Question: Which type of Waqf is denoted by ‘’ and what is the rule regarding it?(Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Murakhkha$, one should not make pause at it.
Question: Explain the rules of Waqf regarding the ‘ال’ sign. (Lesson 21)
Answer: If the sign is present above the sign of verse i.e. , there is difference in
opinion about whether to make pause or not. If ‘ال
’ is present without the sign verse, then
do not make pause.
Question: What is I’āda ĥ? (Lesson 21)
Answer: After making Waqf, to repeat from preceding verse without pause is called
I’āda ĥ (Repetition).
Question: Which Wa*īfa ĥ (Invocation) should be invoked to become pious and steadfast
upon the Sunna ĥ?
Answer: To become pious and steadfast upon Sunna ĥ, keep invoking ‘ 8 / ? , @ 1 9 = 1 >’ all the time.
Question: What are the 5 stages of knowledge?
Answer: (1) To observe silence (2) To listen with attention (3) To remember what was
heard (4) To abide by what was learnt (5) To pass on the acquired knowledge.
Question: What is the Wa*īfa ĥ to strengthen memory?
Answer: Invoke ‘ = 1 >/ C, o1 U8E ’ 21 times (recite !alāt-‘Alan-Nabī once before and after theinvocation), blow on water and drink it or make it drink to others before breakfast for 40
days, the memory (of the one who drinks this water) will be strengthened %&'()* ' + -. /& " !" # $ '12 ' 3' 4'1 5 ' 6 .
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62
Question: Which Du’ā (Supplication) should one invoke for memorizing the lessons?
Answer: Recite following Du’ā with !al
āt-‘Alan-Nab
ī before and after it:
" # $ " %&' ( ') ' * ' +
" , - . / ' 0 " 1
' 2 ' 3 "4 ' * " 5& 67 # 8
9 2:
'&
&'; /
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> "k9_ jF
:j$>_$>\ Du’ā for Reading the Book ....................................................................................................................................... iiiTransliteration Chart ................................................................................................................................................. iv
Translator’s Notes........................................................................................................................................................ v
First read this ............................................................................................................................................................... vi
! "#"$% ' " (%#") Lesson Number 1: +urūf Mufridāt (Individual Letters) ............................................................................ 1
Lesson Number 2: +urū
f Murakkabāt (Compound Letters) ................................................................... 2
Lesson Number 3: +arakāt .............................................................................................................................. 4
Lesson Number 4 .............................................................................................................................................. 7
Lesson Number 5: Tanw īn .............................................................................................................................. 9
Lesson Number 6 ............................................................................................................................................ 11
Lesson Number 7: The Letters of Madda ĥ ................................................................................................ 12
Lesson Number 8: K ĥařī [Vertical] +arakāt .............................................................................................. 14
Lesson Number 9: The Letters of Līn ......................................................................................................... 16
Lesson Number 10 .......................................................................................................................................... 18
Lesson Number 11: Sukūn (Jazm) ................................................................................................................ 20
Lesson Number 12: Nūn Sākin and Tanw īn (I* ĥār, Ikhf ā) ..................................................................... 24
Lesson Number 13: Tashdīd ......................................................................................................................... 27
Lesson Number 14: Nūn Sākin and Tanw īn (Idghām, Iqlāb)................................................................. 31
Lesson Number 15: The Cases of Mīm Sākin ............................................................................................ 33
Lesson Number 16: Tafkhīm and Tarqīq ................................................................................................... 34
Lesson Number 17: Maddāt .......................................................................................................................... 37
Lesson Number 18: Muqatta’āt Letters ...................................................................................................... 39
Lesson Number 19: Zāid =.
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