A SEMINAR ON MAGLEV

Presented by

Subhra ch. behera (1421005)Debasish mohapatra(1421006)

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AGENDA INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS MAGLEV TRAIN

WHY MAGLEV TRAIN??

HISTORY

TYPES OF MAGNETIC LEVITATION

Types of technology involved

Working principle

Future scopes

conclusion

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INTRODUCTion Maglev = magnetic +levitation.

• It is a method by which anobject is suspended with nosupport other than magneticfields.

• Magnetic force is used tocounteract the effects of thegravitational and any otheraccelerations.

(A cubical magnet levitating over a superconducting material)

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WHAT IS MAGLEV TRAIN ??

Magnetic Levitation Train (Maglev Train) is an advanced train technology in which magnetic forces lift, propel, and guide a vehicle over a guide way.

It employs powerful superconducting magnets to levitate or "float“ cars about 2 inches above a guideway.

Liquid helium cools the magnets to near absolute zero enabling relatively small magnets to create very powerful fields.

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Why maglev train???MagLev Trains Conventional Trains

No Friction = Less

Maintenance

Routine Maintenance

Needed

No Engine = No fuel

required

Engine requires fossil

fuels

Speeds in excess of

300 mph

Speeds up to 110 mph

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HISTORY 1900 - Robert Goddard and Emile Bachelet conceived the

concept of frictionless trains.

1969 - American scientists James R. Powell and Gordan T. Danby patented the first design for magnetic levitationaltrains.

1970 - Germans and Japanese start research and development towards their versions of maglev technology

1991 - Germany's government certifies operation of first maglev train for the public.

Finally accomplishing practical public service in 2003 in Shanghai, China

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Basic of Magnetic Levitation Faraday’s Law :-

1st Law :- It states that whenever a conductor cuts magnetic flux , an emf is induced in that conductor.

2nd Law :- It states that the magnitude of the induced emf is equal to the rate of change of flux-linkage.

i.e. , e=-Nⅆφ voltsdt

Lenz’s Law :-

It states that , the direction of the induced current is such that the induced magnetic field opposes the change in the flux.

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Lenz’s law

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Types of Magnetic Levitation

Permanent Magnet

Electro Magnet

Superconducting Magnet9

Permanent Magnet

The first type of levitation is the implementation through permanent magnets. These magnets are made of a material that creates a north and a

south pole on them.

The main disadvantages of a permanent magnet are the cost of

the magnet itself when put into large scale systems.Another

disadvantage is the varying changes in the magnetic field.

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Electro Magnet

By running electric current through a wire, we can create a magnetic field.

When this wire is coiled around a magnetic material (i.e. metal), a current is passed through this wire, then the electric current will magnetize the metallic core.

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Superconducting Magnet The superconducting magnets is a material which

presents no electrical resistivity to electrical current.

Once a current has been fed into the coils of this material, it will indefinitely flow without requiring the input of any additional current

I2R loss = 0

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Types of Technology

Electro Magnetic Suspension

Electro Dynamic Suspension

Induced Track System

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ELECTRO MAGNETIC SUSPENSIONThe attractive force of magnet are utilised in EMS

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Electro Dynamic Suspension The repulsive forces of magnets are utilised in EDS

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Induced track system

Operates on the basis of principle of lenzs law

Can attain levitation at comparatively low speed of about 22 mph

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Working Principle of Maglev Train Principle of Levitation

Principle of Lateral Guidance

Principle of Propulsion

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Levitation

It pushes the train upward so that it can levitate 10 cm above the track.

The train does not levitate until it reaches 80 km/h , so it is equipped with wheels.

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Lateral Guidance

Use null current system

Works on the basis of lenz’s law

Propulsion

When a current is supplied to the windings, it creates a traveling alternating current that propels the train forward by pushing and pulling.

When the alternating current is reversed, the train brakes

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Advantages Limitation

uses 30% less energy than high speed train

Longer lifetime with low maintenance costs

Energy efficiency

No pollution

Environmental benefits

Safety advantages

Requires complex circuitry.

Requires highly skilled and trained operators.

Requires more research.

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FUTURE SCOPESMACH-3

Maglev space propulsion

Electric generators- made with superconducting wire: They have a 99% efficiency and have about half the size of conventional generators

MagLev Trains in INDIA

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conclusionMaglev trains use magnets to levitate and propel the

trains forward.

Since there is no friction these trains can reach high speeds.

It is a safe and efficient way to travel.

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References E. Riches, “Will Maglev lift off?,” IEEE Review, pp. 427–430,

Dec. 1988

• www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_levitation

• Maglev Trains (Thompson, Marc T. Eddy current magnetic levitation, models and experiments).

• S. Yamamura, “Magnetic levitation technology of tracked vehicles present status and prospects,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. MAG-12, no.6, pp. 874–878, Nov. 1976

P. Sinha, “Design of a magnetically levitated vehicle,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. MAG-20, no. 5, pp. 1672–1674, Sep. 1984

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THANK YOU

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