Magnesium metal is added to nitrogen gas

3 Mg + N2 Mg3N2

Synthesis

Excess chlorine gas is passed over

hot iron filings

3 Cl2 + 2 Fe 2FeCl3

Synthesis

The gases boron trifluoride and ammonia are

mixed

BF3 + NH3 F3BNH3

Synthesis(Lewis Acid-Base Reaction)

Solid zinc strips are added to a

solution of copper(II) sulfate

Zn + Cu2+ Zn2+ + Cu

Single replacement

A mixture of powdered iron(III)

oxide and powdered aluminum metal is

heated strongly

Fe2O3 + 2Al Al2O3 + 2Fe

Single Replacement

Chlorine gas is bubbled into a

solution of sodium bromide

Cl2 + 2Br- 2Cl- + Br2

Single Replacement

Solid calcium is added to warm

water

Ca + 2HOH

Ca2+ + 2OH- + H2

Single Replacement

Calcium metal is added to a dilute

solution of hydrochloric acid

Ca + 2H+ Ca2+ + H2

Single Replacement

Aluminum metal is added to a solution

of copper(II) chloride

2Al + 3Cu2+ 2Al3+ + 3Cu

Single Replacement

A solution of tin(II) sulfate is

added to a solution of iron(III) sulfate

Sn2+ + 2Fe3+ Sn4+ + 2Fe2+

Redox

A solution of tin(II) chloride is added to an acidified solution

of potassium permanganate

5Sn2+ + 16H+ + 2MnO4-

5Sn4+ + 2Mn2+ + 8HOH

Redox

A solution of sodium iodide is added to an

acidified (sulfuric acid) solution of

potassium dichromate

6I- + 13H+ + HSO4- + Cr2O7

2-

3I2 + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + SO42-

Redox

A solution of sodium bromide is

added to an acidified solution of potassium bromate

5Br- + 6H+ + BrO3-

3Br2 + 3H2O

Redox

An acidified solution of potassium

permanganate is added to a solution of

sodium sulfite

6H+ + 2MnO4- + 5SO3

2- 2Mn2+ + 5SO4

2- + 3 H2O

Redox

Acidified potassium permanganate is

added to a solution of sodium nitrite

2MnO4- + 6H+ + 5NO2

- -> 2Mn2+ + 3H2O + 5NO3

-

Redox

Potassium permanganate

solution is added to concentrated

hydrochloric acid

2MnO4- + 16H+ + 10Cl-

2Mn2+ + 5Cl2 + 8H2O

Redox

A solution of potassium iodide is

added to an acidified solution of potassium

dichromate

6I- + 14H+ + Cr2O72-

3I- + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O

Redox

Magnesium turnings are added to a

solution of iron(III) chloride

Mg + 2Fe3+ Mg2+ + 2Fe2+

Redox

Iron(III) ions are reduced by iodide

ions

2Fe3+ + 2I- 2Fe2+ + I2

Redox

Powdered iron is added to a solution of

iron(III) sulfate

Fe + 2Fe3+ 3Fe2+

Redox

Hydrogen peroxide is added to an

acidified solution of sodium bromide

H2O2 + 2H+ + 2Br-

Br2 + 2H2O

Redox

Hydrogen peroxide is added to an

acidified solution of potassium dichromate

3H2O2 + 8H+ + Cr2O72-

2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 3O2

Redox

Hydrogen gas is passed over hot iron(III) oxide

3H2 + Fe2O3

2Fe + 3H2O

Redox

Hydrogen gas is passed over hot iron(II) oxide

powder

H2 + FeO Fe + H2O

Redox

Concentrated hydrochloric acid

solution is added to solid manganese(IV)

oxide and the reactants are heated

4H+ + 2Cl- + MnO2

Cl2 + Mn2+ + 2H2O

Redox

A strip of copper metal is added to a

concentrated solution of sulfuric acid

Cu + 4H+ + SO42-

Cu2+ + H2O + H2SO3

Redox

A strip of copper is immersed in a

nitric acid solution

Cu + 4H+ + 2NO3-

Cu2+ + 2NO2 + 2H2O

Redox

Chlorine gas is bubbled into a cold,

dilute solution of potassium hydroxide

Cl2 + 2OH-

ClO- + Cl- + H2O

Redox

Propene gas is mixed with

bromine vapor

C3H6 + Br2 C3H6Br2

Organic (addition)

Methane gas is heated with an

excess of chlorine gas

CH4 + Cl2

CH3Cl + HCl

Organic (substitution)

Ethanol and formic acid

(methanoic acid) are mixed and

warmed

C2H5OH + HCOOH

HCOOC2H5 + H2O

Organic (esterification)

Benzene is treated with bromine in the presence of a

catalyst

Br2 + C6H6

C6H5Br + HBr

Organic (substitution)

Glacial acetic acid is mixed with

liquid methanol (nonaqueous)

CH3COOH +CH3OH

CH3COOCH3 + H2O

Organic (esterification)

Excess concentrated sulfuric acid is added to solid

calcium phosphate

3H+ + 3HSO4- + Ca3(PO4)2

3CaSO4 + 2H3PO4

Metathesis (double replacement)

Trisodium phosphate crystals are added to water

Na3PO4 + H2O

3Na+ + OH- + HPO42-

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solutions of sodium fluoride

and dilute hydrochloric acid

are mixed

F- + H+ HF

Metathesis (double replacement)

Equal volumes of dilute equimolar

solutions of sodium carbonate and

hydrochloric acid are mixed

CO32- + H+ HCO3

-

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solutions of silver nitrate and sodium

chromate are mixed

2Ag+ + CrO42-

Ag2CrO4

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solutions of tripotassium

phosphate and zinc nitrate are mixed

3Zn2+ + 2PO43-

Zn3(PO4)2

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solutions of manganese (II)

sulfate and ammonium sulfide

are mixed

Mn2+ + S2- MnS

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solid lithium hydride is added to distilled water

LiH + H2O

Li+ + OH- + H2

Metathesis (double replacement)

Hydrogen sulfide gas is bubbled

through a solution of potassium

hydroxide

H2S + 2OH-

S2- + 2H2O

Metathesis (double replacement)

Hydrogen sulfide gas is added to a

solution of cadmium nitrate

H2S + Cd2+

CdS + 2H+

Metathesis (double replacement)

Dilute hydrochloric acid

is added to a solution of

potassium sulfite

2H+ + SO32-

H2O + SO2

Metathesis (double replacement)

Dilute hydrochloric acid

is added to a dilute solution of

mercury(I) nitrate

2Cl- + Hg22+ Hg2Cl2

Metathesis (double replacement)

Concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to solid manganese(II)

sulfide

2H+ + MnS

H2S + Mn2+

Metathesis (double replacement)

A solution of copper(II) sulfate

is added to a solution of barium

hydroxide

Cu2+ + SO42- + Ba2+ + 2OH-

Cu(OH)2 + BaSO4

Metathesis (double replacement)

A solution of copper(II) chloride

is added to a solution of sodium

sulfide

Cu2+ + S2- CuS

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solid calcium phosphate is

added to excess hydrochloric acid

Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H+ 2H3PO4 + 3Ca2+

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solid barium peroxide is added

to cold dilute sulfuric acid

BaO2 + H+ + HSO4-

BaSO4 + H2O2

Metathesis (double replacement)

Solid barium carbonate is added

to an excess of dilute nitric acid

BaCO3 + 2H+ Ba2+ + H2O + CO2

Metathesis (double replacement)

A solution of ammonium sulfate is added to a saturated solution of barium

hydroxide

NH4+ + SO4

2- + Ba2+ + OH- BaSO4

+ NH3 + H2O

Metathesis (double replacement)

A dilute solution of sulfuric acid is

electrolyzed between platinum

electrodes

2H2O 2H2 + O2

Electrolysis

A solution of potassium iodide

is electrolyzed

2I- + 2H2O

I2 + H2 + 2OH-

Electrolysis

A solution of copper(II) sulfate

is electrolyzed using inert electrodes

2Cu2+ + 2H2O

2Cu + O2 + 4H+

Electrolysis

Solid potassium chlorate is heated in

the presence of manganese dioxide

as a catalyst

2KClO3 2KCl + 3O2

Decomposition

A solution of hydrogen peroxide

is catalytically decomposed

2H2O2 2H2O + O2

Decomposition

Solid calcium sulfite is heated in

a vacuum

CaSO3 CaO + SO2

Decomposition

Solid ammonium carbonate is

heated

(NH4)2CO3 2NH3 + CO2 + H2O

Decomposition

Excess concentrated sodium hydroxide

solution is added to solid aluminum

hydroxide

OH- + Al(OH)3

[Al(OH)4]-

Complex ion

Excess hydrochloric acid is added to a

solution of diamminesilver(I)

nitrate

2H+ + Cl- + [Ag(NH3)2]+

AgCl + 2NH4

+

Complex ion

A solution of ammonium

triocyanate is added to a solution of

iron(III) chloride

Fe3+ + SCN-

[FeSCN]2+

[or [Fe(SCN)6]3-]

Complex ion

A concentrated solution of

ammonia is added to a solution of

zinc iodide

4NH3 + Zn2+

[Zn(NH3)4]2+

Complex ion

A concentrated solution of

ammonia is added to a suspension of

zinc hydroxide

4NH3 + Zn(OH)2

[Zn(NH3)4]2+ + 2OH-

Complex ion

Aqueous ammonia is added

to solid silver chloride

2NH3 + AgCl

[Ag(NH3)2]+ + Cl-

Complex ion

A solution of diamminesilver(I) chloride is treated with dilute nitric

acid

[Ag(NH3)2]+ + Cl- + 2H+ AgCl +

2NH4+

Complex ions

Solid zinc sulfide is heated in an

excess of oxygen

2ZnS + 3O2 2ZnO + 2SO2

Combustion

Lithium metal is burned in air

4Li + O2 2Li2O Combustion

Ethene gas is burned in air

C2H4 + 3O2 2CO2 + 2H2O

Combustion

Ethanol is burned in oxygen

2C2H5OH + 6O2 4CO2 + 6H2O

Combustion

Solid copper(II) sulfide is heated

strongly in oxygen gas

CuS + O2 Cu + SO2 Combustion

Carbon disulfide vapor is burned in

excess oxygen

CS2 + 3O2 CO2 + 2SO2

Combustion

A piece of solid bismuth is heated

strongly in oxygen

4Bi + 3O2 2Bi2O3 Combustion

Sulfur trioxide gas is added to excess

water

SO3 + H2O H+ + HSO4

-

Acetic anhydride

Sulfur dioxide gas is passed over solid calcium

oxide

SO2 + CaO CaSO3

Anhydride

Phosphorus(V) oxide powder is sprinkled over distilled water

P4O10 (or P2O5) + 6H2O

4H3PO4

Acetic anhydride

Solid dinitrogen pentoxide is

added to water