Magnet Lattice Design for the Transmission of Power Using

Particle Beams

Daniel Marley & Jim WelchSULI SLAC Presentations

11 August 2011

Outline

• Overview of the Grid

• Particle Beams for Power Transmission

• Particle Storage Rings

• Magnet Lattice Design

• Future Work

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= 1 Nuclear Reactor

Source: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission & NREL's Clean Energy Analyses Project: 2009 U.S. State Clean Energy Data Book

Source: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission & NREL's Clean Energy Analyses Project: 2009 U.S. State Clean Energy Data Book

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Particle Beams for Power Transmission

• Routinely used and operate at high voltages– 9 GeV at PEP-II, 500 GeV at Fermilab, & 7 TeV at

the Large Hadron Collider– Storage Rings, not linacs: Carrying Power

• Few sources of energy loss– Residual gas scattering– Synchrotron Radiation

Issues with Using Particle Beams

• Economic Feasibility– Tunneling, Vacuum, Material for the magnets

• Power out of the beam– Superconducting RF Cavity at Generators & Loads

• Magnet lattice design– The arrangement of quadrupoles and dipoles that

comprise an accelerator.

Particle Storage Rings

• Important criteria for lattice design: Beam width and response to energy changes.

• Width is directly related to the β-functions

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Transfer Matrix Method

Beam Parameters

Parameter Value Parameter Values

Circumference ∼10,000 km Dispersion (max) 0.1 m

Beam Energy 9-11 GeV Bend Radius (min) 100 m

Beam Current 1 A Dipole Field 0.1 T

Emittance 5×10-10 m Quadrupole Gradient 10 T/m

βx,y (max) ∼2000 m Beam Size (max) ∼1 mm

Software Implemented

• Mathematica 8 to apply the Transfer Matrix Method for designing the lattice and testing stability

• Methodical Accelerator Design (MAD) v. 8.52 software developed by CERN to finalize the design of the beam, optimize variables and add constraints to variables

Lattice Design Components

• FODO lattice combined with double bend achromats (DBAs)

FODO lattice:

DBA:

Future Work

• Incorporate the terrain into the lattice design

• Add RF cavities to MAD code

• Compute precise emittance of the beam

• Add nonlinear terms to MAD code

– Resonances in the beam dynamics

• Design magnets with Radia Package in Mathematica.

Conclusion

• Magnet lattice can be designed for 10,000 km circumference ring.

• Increased the credibility of this project.

• Encouragement to move forward with research and investigation into this method.

Acknowledgements

• Department of Energy SULI Program at SLAC.• Advisor Jim Welch

– Juhao Wu, Glen White, Mark Woodley, Min-Huey Wang, & Jim Turner for their help

• Director Steve Rock, Maria Mastrokyriakos & Anita Piercey

• Questions?• E-mail me: demarley@ncsu.edu

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Transfer Matrix Method

• Define focusing functions:

• Write in terms of vector19

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eigenvalues reciprocals, added give trace.

Extra Info

Nuclear Reactors in All states except: Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Kentucky, Maine, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, West Virginia, & Wyoming