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MAIDAN SUMMIT 2011 2nd International Sport for Development Meet

Paintal Memorial Golden Jubilee Auditorium, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute

University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007 INDIA

December 1-3, 2011 Maidan Summit 2011, the 2nd International Sport for Development Meet was held at New Delhi, India, between December 1-3, 2011. Maidan is a dedicated platform to bring together people who strongly believe that the power of sport can change lives and work on development goals. More than 600 participants explored various facets of this approach in seven sessions spread over three days:

An international conference on sport for development (S4D)

Six dedicated workshops on education, gender, health, leadership, youth development & livelihood, social inclusion and community empowerment.

A bimonthly magazine and a website www.maidan.in were also launched on the occasion. Participants included experts from the Sport for Development (S4D) fraternity who shares experiences, models and best practices from around the world, as well as veterans from other industries who shared their views on integrating sport in mainstream development programmes. The Summit also gave people from the areas other than sports who are keen on engaging in this high impact, cost-saving tool of development, an opportunity to listen to and discuss with practitioners and policymakers.

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Compendium of Proceedings

International Conference on Sport for Development

Paintal Memorial Golden Jubilee Auditorium, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute

University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007 INDIA

Thursday, December 1, 2011

Inaugural Session Maidan Summit 2011 kick-started with a high-energy aerobics-dance mix by young Magic Bus mentors who set the stage for active discussions on S4D. The adrenaline-packed presentation opened Maidan 2011 for the inaugural session.

Moderator: Mr Vivek Ramchandani, Coordinator, Australian Sports Outreach Programme (ASOP), Australian Sports Commission Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Mr Vivek Ramchandani, Australian Sports Outreach Programme (ASOP), Australian Sports Commission 2. Mr Matthew Spacie, Magic Bus India Foundation 3. Mr Charlie Walker, British Council 4. Mr Poul Hansen, United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace (UNOSDP), Geneva 5. Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences; University of Delhi

Participation: 200+ Key deliberations:

1. Mr Vivek Ramchandani Mr Vivek Ramchandani emphasised on the use of sport as a tool to facilitate development, particularly for livelihood generation. “There is no one who actually objects to sport, and this addresses the issue of participation in community programmes”, he said. Mr Ramchandani mentioned three outcomes of sport: physical joy, health and fitness, and development of qualities like clarity of mind, team spirit and leadership, eventually leading to a quick thinking capacity that helps in decision making. He spoke about the Government of India’s Panchayat Yuva Krida aur Khel Abhiyan (PYKKA), which plans to reach out to all 640 districts of India.

He explained the three basic initiatives of the Australian Sports Outreach Programme:

providing an annual grant for equipment, providing a stipend for community sport coaches –

volunteers, and providing one time grant for infrastructural

development.

Mr Ramchandani also reflected upon the age-old adage, ‘padhoge likhoge banoge nawaab, kheloge kudoge banoge kharaab’ (education makes you a kind, sport spoils) describing the Indian scenario where parents discourage their children from indulging in sports and give more importance to academics. Scientific reports prove the

contrary, he said, adding that sport helps children to perform better academically. Mr Ramchandani encouraged the creation of opportunities to play for everyone. Contact Mr Vivek Ramchandani at vramchandani@gmail.com Know more about the Australian Sports Outreach Programme at www.ausport.gov.au

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2. Mr Matthew Spacie Mr Matthew Spacie explained the genesis of Maidan as an attempt to create a movement that will bring everyone together in one room with a vision of using harnessing sport for development in India. Quoting the saying, ‘where there is opportunity, there will be prosperity; where there is no opportunity, there will be poverty’, he said sports can be an important approach to address larger issues like poverty. The Magic Bus founder said that sport is a relevant platform for young people as it allows equity in communities and also creates opportunities for them to engage.

While referring to the fact that India still has half of the world’s illiterate population, Mr Spacie emphasised that there is a need to think differently, and start looking at a different dialogue. He shared a couple of examples from the sport for development

programme Magic Bus runs to prove his point about the uses of sport for pursuing development goals. Contact Mr Matthew Spacie at matthew@magicbusindia.org Know more about Magic Bus at www.magicbus.org

3. Mr Charlie Walker Mr Charlie Walker expressed his views on using sport as a medium to communicate with the youth from grassroots level in the society to bring about change. In his discourse, he mentioned that sport is one of the languages of cultural relations. It provides a simple and practical way to bring people together by bridging divides within and between communities and nations.

He also said that sport has the power to drive greater inclusion, deepen diversity in communities and create opportunities to harness the power and use them to break down the social taboos.

Contact Mr Charlie Walker at charlie.walker@britishcouncil.org Know more about the British Council at www.britishcouncil.org

4. Mr Poul Hansen Mr Poul Hansen shared his views on volunteerism in sports, with a special mention to the values coming from sport to promote human development. Briefly taking the audience through how the United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace came up, he spoke about the use of sports as described in the Human Rights Declaration to further education and gender equity goals.

He further talked about the establishment of the office on sport for development and peace by the UN, and how it created partnerships not only in the UN but also with the outside world on the use of sport for bringing about social change and development.

Contact Mr Poul Hansen at phansen@unog.ch

Know more about the United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace at www.un.org/wcm/content/site/sport/home/unplayers/unoffice

5. Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal strongly advocated using sport for development in India’s education system, recommending education on sport and physical education as one of the qualifiers to entitle a person to be called educated. He referred to the Denzel Commission’s report which recommends four pillars upon which a complete physical education programme stands – to know, to be, to do and to live together. He also emphasised that the sport should come to children at an early age, and last long. He suggested collaborations at all levels from schools to colleges and universities.

Mr Kansal expressed a strong will to see sport as a part of the formal school and university curriculum, and not just stay confined to the realms of a co-curricular activity or an optional subject.

Contact Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal at devinderkansal@gmail.com Know more about University of Delhi at www.du.ac.in

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Session 1: What is S4D? Leveraging sport to support human development This session discussed in detail how sport can be a powerful tool to support human development. Case studies of change through sport illustrated how the medium has been used to influence areas of community development and empowerment. Moderator: Vivek Ramchandani, Australian Sports Outreach Programme (ASOP), Australian Sports Commission Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Mr Franz Gastler, Yuwa India 2. Ms Marie Rischmann, Isha Foundation 3. Mr Pratik Kumar, Magic Bus India Foundation 4. Mr Fred Coalter, ex-University of Sterling, UK

Key deliberations:

1. Mr Franz Gastler Mr Franz Gastler shared his experience of working in Jharkhand, where he uses football for girls in an effective way at the grassroots level. He shared his idea of developing an atmosphere which creates a sense of belonging, and makes the girl’s parents aware of her rights and value in villages. “There are no lines, laps or lectures in this process,” he said. He further shared his three rules of the thumb for coaches: talk less, show, don’t tell and always reinforce, positively.

He began his presentation with a small activity which required the audience to connect to a sport of their choice when an alphabet was uttered. The results were an interesting to show how most people think about a common sport, and how many potent options often get

left out. After showing a brief video of how Yuwa programme works with girls in the villages of Jharkhand, Mr Gastler concluded saying, “For millions of girls, playing football gives them personal confidence and skills, health, a safe social environment and freedom from the confines of social norms. The future of football is feminine”. Mr Franz Gastler’s video is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr Franz Gastler at franz_gastler@yuwa-india.org Know more about Yuwa India at www.yuwa-india.org

2. Ms Marie Rischmann

Ms Marie Rischmann talked about the importance of yoga and meditation in sports, with a reference to what the Isha Foundation believes in. She spoke about how with powerful yoga and physical activity programmes, the foundation attempts to create an inclusive culture that is the basis for global harmony and progress. Ms Rischmann put forward three things that sport brings to life: full involvement, control of mind and inclusiveness.

“Sport is not just a strategy by itself, but a tool to unite communities and bring people together,” she said. Ms Rischman also spoke about the use of sport in community development by introducing it in steps in different community projects and interventions.

Contact Ms Marie Rischmann at marie.rischmann@ishaoutreach.org Know more about Isha Foundation at www.ishafoundation.org

3. Mr Pratik Kumar Mr Pratik Kumar elaborated on the use of sport for development work. He stressed upon sports’ potential to engage as one of the strongest advantages in using a sport-based programme, as he mentioned how organisations struggle to capture and keep captured the target audience in community programmes, especially the ones involving children and young adults. He also recommended everybody’s engagement in sports.

He also shared his experience from the national programme of Magic Bus, and further added how sport can cover a variety of dimensions in the context of development not just on the sports field but also off it, when you have the audience captured, ready to listen, and likely to reflect.

Contact Mr Pratik Kumar at pratik@magicbusindia.org Know more about Magic Bus at www.magicbus.org

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4. Mr Fred Coalter Mr Fred Coalter made a presentation around the monitoring and evaluation of sport for development programmes, in reference to the mechanisms and processes of their development. He showed how the experience of sport (and not always, sport itself) may facilitate results, and how community empowerment can happen through this experience.

Mr Coalter also emphasised on crafting specific programmes based on different social relationships and environments, and delivered to specific target people.

Mr Fred Coalter’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Mr Fred Coalter at j.a.coalter@stir.ac.uk

Session 2: Policies on Sport for Development

The panel in this session discussed some important features for the development of sport. It suggested that regular participation in appropriate physical activity and sport helps in improving a child’s ability to learn. It also discussed the need of linking sport, health and education, especially in light of the innovative schemes like the Panchayat Yuva Krida aur Khel Abhiyan (PYKKA). Moderator: Ms Sonali Chander, Sports Editor, NDTV Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Ms Sonali Chander, NDTV 2. Mr C Chandramohan, Planning Commission, Government of India 3. Mr Vineet Joshi, Central Board of Secondary Education 4. Mr Bobby John, Public Health Advocate

Key deliberations:

1. Ms Sonali Chander Ms Sonali Chander gave a good start to the panel by inviting a few quick insights from the audience, which created a good environment for the next round of discussions. While some of these were questions directly made to the panel, while others mentioned examples and suggestions of good practices on using sport for development.

Together, the interactions warmed up the session for participative deliberations, with a host of ideas and experiences from different backgrounds and approaches from India and around the world.

Contact Ms Sonali Chander at sonalic@ndtv.com Know more about NDTV at www.ndtv.com

2. Mr C Chandramohan Mr Chandramohan expressed his concern over the lack of a sport culture in India, which is the most youthful nation in the world. He attributed this to reasons like lack of adequate investment in sports, a lack of interest from the states, inadequate infrastructure and training facilities, a weak federal structure of sports bodies, a lack of transparency and accountability in their functioning, an absence of a maintenance plan for existing infrastructure, the erosion of playfields in villages and a degradation of open playfields in urban areas. All this is compounded by an improper or no evaluation of schemes.

Taking the audience through a presentation on the state of affairs of sport in the entire country, Mr Chandramohan linked sport to the personality development of India’s youth. He recommended a

dedicated investment in physical education, advocating fitness to be a part of human resource development, and an immediate need for a young country like India. Mr C Chandramohan’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr C Chandramohan at cchandra@nic.in Know more about the Planning Commission at www.planningcommission.nic.in

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3. Mr Vineet Joshi Mr Vineet Joshi said that sport is a great social equalizer for the youth, referring to the programmes that CBSE has started in schools to address the various aspects of physical, mental, emotional and psychological health. He emphasised on making sport, health and physical education compulsory up to grade ten. He also recommended an emphasis on the concept of health and wellness where the focus is on child’s health as a human being and not only as a sportsperson.

He also gave a brief insight into the Physical Education Cards (PECs) that have been introduced in consultation with the British Council to address a common concern of parents: ‘physical education is a waste of time’. Mr Joshi detailed out the PECs map which includes an entire curriculum from grade one to five. He spoke about how

upgrading the grades in scholastic areas by using the grades in non-cognitive areas (especially in sports) would help create a better understanding and acceptance of the importance of sport and physical education. Contact Mr Vineet Joshi at secy-cbse@nic.in Know more about the Central Board of Secondary Education at www.cbse.nic.in

4. Mr Bobby John Mr Bobby John put forward his view that that sport is a medium through which people can come together. With a judicious use of resources, it is a process from where productive outcomes can be derived. Drawing a close, quick analogy with the structure and state of ministries of food and labour in India, he emphasised how outputs need to be relooked at in terms of deliverables.

He emphasised on the necessary outcomes, instead of numbers and budgets, as the driving force for large-scale programmes and government schemes.

Contact Mr Bobby John at bj@bjohn.org

From the audience: The session was a highly interactive one with interesting questions from the audience. Some of these were:

Ms Josephine from Samarthanam Trust put forward a question on the sport policies for the disabled. Mr Chandramohan responded to this question by saying that the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan covers all children under it. He also mentioned that many policies are being reformulated and steps are being taken towards it.

Mr Amir Abidi from Education Development Centre shot a direct question to the panel saying, ‘Where are the maidans? Most spaces available in urban India require you to pay to play’. This question was taken up by Mr Bobby John. He said, “The need has to come from the people, especially those at the grassroots. It’s only when people ask for something in a democratic setup, that the government does something about it.”

Session 3: Sport – An effective tool for social inclusion and empowering women and children

This session emphasised on the role of sport in promoting social inclusion and gender equality. It discussed the various ways in which a woman acquires a green chit to encourage freedom of expression, develop a sense of identity, and become empowered through sport. The session also deliberated on the potential of sport as a medium for reaching out to the yet-to-be-included people from underprivileged sections and those with special abilities. It has the power to break down the social barriers and create a healthy civil society. Moderator: Mr Vivek Ramchandani, Coordinator, Australian Sports Outreach Programme (ASOP), Australian Sports Commission Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Mr Ravi Verma, International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) 2. Ms Maria Bobenrieth, Women Win 3. Mr Denzil Keelor, Special Olympics Bharat 4. Ms Mukta Narain Thind (Co-presenter), Special Olympics Bharat

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Key deliberations:

1. Mr Ravi Verma Mr Ravi Verma presented on how the ICRW is working on propagating a different concept of masculinity, with a brief video clip from the Parivartan programme. He talked about promoting gender equality and acceptance of gender equality using the medium of sport, highlighting the importance of bringing an understanding of other perspectives in development. He said that mainstream sport often socializes boys and girls into becoming gender constructs of men and boys, and emphasised the need of a gender-transformative approach which will help boys relook at their own masculinity.

He talked about the three conceptual principals of the approach: (a) using cricket (as a means) to challenge masculinity knots, winning young boys in a manner where they would form a space to critically

challenge some of their wrongdoings, done mostly when they are growing up, (b) understanding the role of human body in relation to competition, since most sports and physical programmes lay no emphasis on the body or its representation which marginalises women and many boys, and (c) a positive deviant approach as a way of sustaining the programme. Mr Ravi Verma’s video is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr Ravi Verma at rverma@icrw.org Know more about the International Center for Research on Women at www.icrw.org

2. Ms Maria Bobenrieth Ms Maria Bobenrieth took the audience through a journey of Women Win with a video presentation. Sport can play a unique role by empowering girls and women with a range of social assets, new skills and access to resources and opportunities, she said. Through sport, girls can benefit economically, emotionally and achieve self-determination. They can challenge and expand norms pertaining to what is acceptable for girls and women. Sport consortiums like federations, different communities and development sector organisations should come together, supporting the fact that sport gives the girls an ability to practice leadership, and transforms the way they think about themselves and the way communities see them. Most importantly, it builds social networks.

“You have to design for what you want to be the outcome,” she said, further explaining that adding girls in boys’ sport programmes will not work, and hence there is a need of programmes which are specifically designed for and by girls. Ms Bobenrieth concluded on a beautiful note. “At the end of the day, girls are not a problem; they are actually the answer or solution to it,” she said. Ms Maria Bobenrieth’s video and presentation are available at Maidan.in. Contact Ms Maria Bobenrieth at m.bobenrieth@womenwin.org Know more about Women Win at www.womenwin.org

3. Mr Denzil Keelor Mr Denzil Keelor co-presented the Special Olympics experience with Ms Mukta Narain Thind. They shared how Special Olympics use sport as a stage to demonstrate capabilities to build an inclusive and cohesive community. They do this by changing the attitudes of communities towards persons with disabilities by promoting acceptance, respect, recognition and eventually leading into a natural and receptive human behavior.

The presenters supported the view that sport provides the most enjoyable, beneficial and challenging activities for athletes with intellectual disabilities, and helps in their social mainstreaming. Briefing the audience on the accomplishments of special athletes, they said that given a chance, they could become more productive

citizens. Mr Keelor elaborated on how Special Olympics activities strengthen people with intellectual disabilities physically, mentally, socially and spiritually, with a special mention to how the athletes move from Special Olympics training into schools and community programmes where they further compete in regular sporting activities.

Mr Denzil Keelor’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr Denzil Keelor at dkeelor@airtelmail.in Know more about Special Olympics Bharat at www.specialolympicsbharat.org

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Session 4: Taking the S4D platform forward in India – Where do we go from here?

The last session summarized the deliberations and learnings from the earlier sessions, and suggested a way forward for harnessing sport for development. Many new perspectives came to the fore. The discussions reached a general consensus on sport as a way of directly impacting and influencing multiple areas of development. This session thus elaborated on the vital role sport plays in building capacities of young people, and how it can create opportunities for them. Moderator: Mr Pratik Kumar, Magic Bus India Foundation Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Mr Poul Hansen, United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace (UNOSDP) 2. Mr Raj Kishore Mishra, Commonwealth Youth Programme, Asia Region 3. Mr P Michael Vetha Siromony, Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development 4. Mr OP Singh, Department of Sports, Government of India

Key deliberations:

1. Mr Poul Hansen Mr Poul Hansen said that sport and physical education can be an extremely productive opportunity to support new talent. He also said that partnership in all areas is extremely important, affirming that the governments have a vital role in coordinating with organisations for development of and through sports.

He suggested that by bringing sport clubs, federations and NGOs to work with schools, one can provide skills that schools teachers may not have, and thus, bring physical education back in schools. Impressed by the role Community Sport Coaches play in connecting development to sport, he encouraged bringing up of role models like them, who would work on a day-to-day basis in local communities as community leaders as volunteers in sport programmes. He also

called upon support from the corporate, government and non-government organisations. Contact Mr Poul Hansen at phansen@unog.ch Know more about the United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace at www.un.org/wcm/content/site/sport/home/unplayers/unoffice

2. Mr Raj Kishore Mishra Mr Raj Kishore Mishra shared his views on the development of sports, suggesting that the foremost step is a compulsory introduction of physical education as a part of the education curriculum in schools. He said that the direct consequences of this would be a reduction in school drop-out rate, increase in life expectancy, improvement in various social development indicators, enhanced gender equity, and greater social inclusion and harmony.

He elaborated on how schemes like PYKKA provide universal access to sports in rural areas and harness potential sporting talent among rural youth. Mr Mishra felt a need for introducing specific development and peace messages in all sport programmes like those on environmental protection, gender equity, HIV protection, peace

and development. He added that introduction of these messages would help attain the development goals. Further, he added that the role of media and corporate houses is important for development of the concept of sport for all. He called upon them to let go of their obsession with glamorous, elite sports, and relook at strategies promotion and development of sport. Contact Mr Raj Kishore Mishra at rajmishra@cypasia.net Know more about the Commonwealth Youth Programme, Asia Region at www.cypasia.net

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3. Mr P Michael Vetha Siromony Mr P Michael Vetha Siromony emphasised upon the connection that youth and sport share with each other. He said, ‘a sport is a powerful medium to engage with youth in bringing about positive changes in their lives’. He said that sport and youth cannot be separated and shared examples of how (ironically) sport is visible in the country, but youth is not.

He said that the general lack of interest, guidance and opportunities is a problem that the country is facing, and that it needs to be addressed immediately. Mr Siromony suggested that right education to every child from right source is important. He added that youth should be encouraged to play as much as possible today, in light of the fact that they engage themselves for a considerable time in non-

physical activities. Contact Mr P Michael Vetha Siromony at vethasiromony@gmail.com Know more about Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development at www.rgniyd.gov.in

4. Mr OP Singh Mr OP Singh emphasised on the need for a proactive and inclusion intervention for sport programmes. He took the audience through an elaborate presentation as he detailed Haryana’s Sports and Physical Aptitude Test (SPAT) through a video from Play 4 India. He talked about the test, emphasizing how sport comes with an incentive.

He also put forward his views on how sport help governments in delivering programmes on preventive health care, social cohesion, youth development and gender justice. Mr Singh added that programmes based on sport should be low-cost and effective, augment playing population and feature an effective legacy management.

Mr OP Singh’s video and presentation are available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr OP Singh at opsinghips@gmail.com Know more about the Haryana’s SPAT at www.play4india.com

Vote of thanks The day ended with a heartfelt vote of thanks by Mr Matthew Spacie. He shared how the whole idea of getting S4D practitioners in India together under one roof was worked upon. He concluded on the note that the journey of Sport for Development is on with more people coming on board realizing what this development tool can do to the society, and how Maidan can be used effectively to deliver its power.

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Workshop on Sport and Gender

Friday, December 2, 2011

New Delhi, India Moderator: Ms Maria Bobenrieth, Women Win Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Ms Maria Bobenrieth, Women Win 2. Ms Madhumita Das, International Center for Research on Women 3. Ms Suvekchya Rana, Saathi 4. Ms Mona Shipley, British Council

Participation: 75+ Key deliberations:

1. Ms Maria Bobenrieth

The first workshop of Maidan Summit 2011 started with a round of introductions facilitated by Ms Maria Bobenrieth. Having done that, and after presenting briefly on Women Win and their work, she remarked that how a small activity of just getting to know each other could create an incredible marketplace of exchanging knowledge.

Ms Bobenrieth presented the panel to the workshop participants, highlighting how different organisations work with different approaches, and why is it important to understand and utilize the experience of each other.

Contact Ms Maria Bobenrieth at m.bobenrieth@womenwin.org

Know more about Women Win at www.womenwin.org

2. Ms Madhumita Das Ms Madhumita Das started with the observation that women of this generation realize that sport can help change things for them. She emphasised on the need to have qualified, trained and experienced coaches who would eventually mentor young girls and women in overcoming social taboos and propel a sense of dignity within them.

Through a video-presentation called Parivartan (Hindi: change), she upheld the view that sport is a platform where a lot of exchange takes place, and this exchange could be tapped to drive change. Elaborating on examples from ICRW’s programme, she explained how with proper mentoring, boys and young men, when brought together with girls and young women, agree that the latter should be given equal opportunity in sport. She added that it could change

the way they look at masculinity and respect differences. Ms Madhumita Das’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Ms Madhumita Das at mdas@icrw.org Know more about International Center for Research on Women at www.icrw.org

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3. Ms Suvekchya Rana

Ms Suvekchya Rana presented a different perspective of using sport

to address gender issues through her presentation on a football

programme run in Nepal, talking about how a sport, which usually

males play, can aid uplift their counterparts. She also mentioned

how it works to address violence against women.

She also took the audience through the journey of Saathi, explaining

how its programmes help in building competency, raising awareness

and providing support services in Nepal, where football is extremely

popular. She advocated the engagement of men as partners in

running these programmes. She also spoke about using the influence

of popular footballers to reach out to more people, especially

women, and deliver development programmes to them. Ms Rana proposed partnerships with the government, NGOs

and the corporate sector in making such programmes more effective.

Ms Suvekchya Rana’s video and presentation are available at Maidan.in.

Contact Ms Suvekchya Rana at rana_suvekchya@yahoo.com Know more about Saathi at www.saathi.org.np

4. Ms Mona Shipley

Ms Mona Shipley said that sport is an integral part of culture in

almost every country, and pointed at how women get segregated

because it is traditionally associated with masculinity. Ms Shipley

felt the need to challenge the discrimination based on gender in

sports.

She highlighted the need to have an advocacy platform, where

people come to become aware of their rights and eventually drive

change from within.

Ms Mona Shipley’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Ms Mona Shipley at mona.shipley@in.britishcouncil.org

Know more about British Council at www.britishcouncil.org

From the audience: The workshop drew some interesting insights from the participants:

1. Mr SK Sagar from PYKKA remarked that sport is one element which doesn’t differentiate in terms of masculinity or feminity if developed properly.

2. Ms Kusum Mohapatra from Magic Bus shared how policies on child protection and sexual harassment should always be there in place, when it comes to designing programmes around gender.

3. Ms Sanjana from Crea also shared their experience of seeing increased levels of self-confidence in women under their programmes.

Concluding Remarks: Ms Maria Bobenrieth concluded the workshop by sharing that Women Win was celebrating sixteen days of violence against women. The session came to an end with a short video on how sport could be used to establish peace in areas of conflict and war. A part of the video also showed the power of sport in addressing gender-based violence. The workshop sent out powerful messages on the potential of sport to help recover, connect, process and heal. It also made the participants better equipped of the fact that sport encourages resilience, rebuilds trust, restores human dignity, provides social support and facilitates reconciliation.

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Workshop on Sport, Youth Development and Livelihoods

Friday, December 2, 2011

New Delhi, India Moderator: Ms Babli Moitra Saraf, Indraprastha College for Women, University of Delhi Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Ms Babli Moitra Saraf 2. Ms Betty Augustine, Dream a Dream Foundation 3. Mr Eddie Rock, Libero Sports 4. Mr Sandeep Dutt, The International Award for Young People 5. Mr Sushil Ramola, Basic Academy for Building Lifelong Employability

Participation: 60+ Key deliberations:

1. Ms Babli Moitra Saraf The workshop, which was being conducted simultaneously with the one on Sport and Gender, began with welcome remarks by Ms Babli Moitra Saraf. She introduced the panel to the participants, and gave a brief outline on the structure of the workshop.

Contact Ms Babli Moitra Saraf at bmsaraf@gmail.com

Know more about Indraprastha College for Women at www.ipcollege.du.ac.in

2. Ms Betty Augustine Ms Betty Augustine introduced her organisation, Dream a Dream, and shared the model on which it works with vulnerable children on developing their life skills through sport. She shared how communities could be sensitized through simple activities like active volunteering and a football.

She presented a case study of a participant, and explained how through sport develops the ability to take initiatives, overcome difficulties, interact with one another and follow instructions. The story of 17-year-old Girish on the programme, who started playing football at the age of 14 and eventually became a national level player for homeless people, was shared as a case in point.

Ms Betty Augustine’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Ms Betty Augustine at betty.augustine@dreamadream.org

Know more about Dream a Dream Foundation at www.dreamadream.org

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3. Mr Eddie Rock Mr Eddie Rock focused his presentation around development of youth through sport, with a special emphasis on co-existence skills that help young boys and girls to survive and work with each other. He referred to the Commonwealth Games as he mentioned that sport is a huge global fraternity today. “It gives people skills for a lifetime, that could be helpful in creating opportunities for livelihood later,” he said.

He also advocated that girls should be given an equal place when it comes to sporting opportunities, as he cited the US Government’s instruction of making sport available to all girls in schools and colleges in 1970. The young sport enthusiast also said that sport enables people to handle failure with more grace, and inculcates a culture of giving.

Contact Mr Eddie Rock at eddie.rock@liberosports.com Know more about Libero Sports at www.liberosports.com

4. Mr Sandeep Dutt Mr Sandeep Dutt began with saying that there is development when there is sport. He held sport to be the most adaptable and successful youth empowerment tools. Talking about the education system, he said that education gives 25% of what one is and the remaining comes from practice. He highlighted the need for taking up the responsibility of the under-25 youth in the country, which forms a major part of the population for India.

He said that the fundamental nature of sport used for development should focus on improvement of individual ability, be secular and non-competitive, and involve voluntary, willful participation. He further added that sport equips one for life through adventure, service and skills.

Mr Sandeep Dutt’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr Sandeep Dutt at sandeep@dofe.in

Know more about the International Award for Young People at www.iayp.in

5. Mr Sushil Ramola

Mr Sushil Ramola in his presentation highlighted the fact that India

has 25% of the world’s young population, and there are many

challenges that need to be taken care of. He listed employability,

awareness and quality as the main focus points in sport-based

programmes. “Five hundred million young people need these skills

in the country,” he said.

He supported that sport has a learning angle to it, and when one

plays, a lot of traits like confidence, self-belief, leadership,

conflict-resolution, communication, and problem-solving naturally

come to the fore and get developed. He advocated playing for fun,

playing to get a voice, playing to get a resolution to a conflict situation, and playing to learn as essential elements of

sport programmes.

Contact Mr Sushil Ramola at s.ramola@basixindia.com

Know more about Basix Academy for Building Lifelong Employability at www.b-able.in

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Workshop on Sport and Physical Education in Schools

Friday, December 2, 2011

New Delhi, India

Introduction This workshop deliberated on the importance of physical education in a student’s comprehensive, well-rounded education. It discussed how physical education improves self-confidence, develops social skills and makes healthy and strong individuals, and further elaborated on the importance of being fit and leading a healthy life. Moderator: Mona Shipley, British Council Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Ms Mona Shipley, British Council 2. Mr Prashant Kakkar, EduSports 3. Ms Carol Lukins, Youth Sport Trust, UK 4. Mr DK Bedi, Apeejay School, New Delhi 5. Ms Saroj Yadav, National Council of Educational Research and Training 6. Mr JL Pandey, ex-National Council of Educational Research and Training

Participation: 90+ Key deliberations:

1. Ms Mona Shipley Moderating the session, Ms Mona Shipley presented her experience with developing Physical Education Cards (PEC) at British Council. She held that one should harness engagement, effectiveness and simplicity of sport-based programmes and use them at the grassroots level to begin transformation.

She explained that PECs are a set of colourful cards with some tips and hints for delivering fun, safe and inclusive Physical Education sessions. The cards have a student centered approach and are seen as teaching aids to support the delivery of Physical Education curriculum at the primary stage. Apart from physical education, the cards are also linked to subjects like English, Mathematics and Environmental Sciences.

PEC Cards are being viewed as a competent tool for providing an inclusive and interesting experience to the children at primary school stage and facilitating the process of engaging them intensively in games and activities focused particularly on agility, balance, coordination, speed and strength. Contact Ms Mona Shipley at mona.shipley@in.britishcouncil.org

Know more about British Council at www.britishcouncil.org

2. Mr Prashant Kakkar Mr Prashant Kakkar talked about sport and physical education in schools through holistic approach. He suggested comprehensive physical programmes for schools, which attract students’ interest and highlight child development to the academic fraternity. He advocated the need for creating champions on the field by focusing only outside the curriculum and giving one to one coaching to some children and free play for others.

He called upon development of specialized infrastructure with support from the corporate sector for children who are already achievers. Mr Kakkar also talked about engaging all children with the structural curriculum and providing opportunities for children to give their best.

Mr Prashant Kakkar’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr Prashant Kakkar at prashant.kakkar@edusports.in Know more about EduSports at www.edusports.in

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3. Ms Carol Lukins Ms Carol Lukins focused on inspiring and engaging all young people to take part in sport and physical education. She said that access to regular and appropriate competitive sport is crucial to the development of every young person and determined to extend the breadth and depth of competition in every school.

She also talked about setting up a programme (TOPS) to provide equipment to schools and resources for teachers to use with the children, and also generic and sport specific training for teachers.

Ms Carol Lukins’ presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Ms Carol Lukins at carolls2009@hotmail.com

Know more about Youth Sport Trust, UK at www.youthsporttrust.org

4. Mr DK Bedi Mr DK Bedi shared his views on the delivery of sport and physical education in schools. From a school administrator’s perspective, he put forward his view that the Indian education system aims for an all-round personality development and child-centered education, but in reality there is more emphasis on academics, on exam results, which translates into a lack of participation in sports.

He said that sport makes a person physically, emotionally and mentally strong, adding that a sportsperson learns to accept failures and doesn’t give up. He also said that sport helps develop thinking skills, social skills and makes a balanced and strong person.

Mr DK Bedi’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Mr DK Bedi at principalbedi@gmail.com Know more about the Apeejay School at www.apeejay.edu/pitampura

5. Ms Saroj Yadav Ms Saroj Yadav said that health is the most important for a child. Highlighting that health education covers everything like physical, emotional and mental education, she said that it is about changing the mindset. She said that the schools must realize the importance of physical education in the form of games, activities and sport.

She also added that the health concerns include not only physical activities but also social issues like drug abuse, HIV protection and food and inflation. She concluded by saying that the development of physical education has to work in synergy with food and nutrition, social health, safety and security.

Ms Saroj Yadav’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Ms Saroj Yadav at saroj.npep@gmail.com Know more about the National Council for Educational Research and Training at www.ncert.nic.in

6. Mr JL Pandey Mr JL Pandey talked about the development of sports as it completes the process of developing human beings, starting with the process of socializing, and running parallel to formal and informal education, eventually enriching people. He said that to get outcomes from sports, it has to be made accessible to all children regardless of their physical ability and gender.

He also highlighted that health and physical education do not enjoy the status that is enjoyed by other subjects, and that they should be brought to the same level of a structured, important and formal curricular activity.

Contact Mr JL Pandey at jpande2001@gmail.com

Know more about the National Council for Educational Research and Training at www.ncert.nic.in

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Ms Mona Shipley and Mr DK Bedi were also accompanied by some students from Apeejay School, Pitampura, New Delhi who participated in the Summit and shared the importance and benefits of PEC from their point of view. Their clarity of thoughts on what is being taught to them through PEC impressed the panelists and the audience.

Concluding remarks: The workshop was a healthy discussion around adding sport and physical education to the formal school curriculum by taking time from other subjects without risk of hindering student academic achievement. The panel and participants felt that sport helps in improving student health, and that through team sport games, students learn necessary life skills such as problem solving, strategy and working together as a team. To conclude, sport teaches students the basics of sportsmanship, and that there is much more to sport games and activities than just winning and losing.

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Workshop on Sport and Social Inclusion

Friday, December 2, 2011 New Delhi, India

Introduction

This workshop revolved around the role of sport in promoting social inclusion and cohesion. It discussed how participation in sport imparts life skills, builds self-esteem, increases motivation levels and promotes social inclusion of disadvantaged groups like migrants, persons with physical and intellectual disabilities or young people involved in or at risk-deviant social behavior. It also elaborated on how sport can bridge divides that exist in societies like India where complex systems segment population into various categories. Moderator: Mr Pratik Kumar, Magic Bus India Foundation Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Mr Harpreet Singh, Special Olympics Bharat 2. Ms Mandira Srivastava, Isha Foundation 3. Mr Dinesh Baliga, Skillshare International 4. Mr Ugrasen, Magic Bus India Foundation

Participation: 60+ Key deliberations:

1. Mr Harpreet Singh

Mr Harpreet Singh emphasised on the issue of intellectual disability.

Highlighting the scale of Special Olympics Bharat, the second largest

Special Olympics programme in the world which reaches out to all

600 districts in India, he shared that Special Olympics is perhaps the

biggest movement that inclusively engages men and women through

sport. He further added that these sport activities do not encourage

physical contact and rely on equal opportunities.

He supported the view that sport programmes are a great adhesive,

and help connect people. Sharing his experience with sport at the

Special Olympics, he detailed out the power of sports as a tool to

build up greater respect, acceptance, inclusion and human dignity.

Mr Harpreet Singh’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Mr Harpreet Singh at hsinghsob@gmail.com

Know more about Special Olympics Bharat at www.specialolympicsbharat.org

2. Ms Mandira Srivastava

Ms Mandira Srivastava introduced the Isha Foundation and talked

about its impact through sport-based programmes. In her

presentation, she took the audience through Isha’s activities, and

explained how sport can be harnessed to create an inclusive culture

that forms the basis for urban peace and global development.

Using case studies and dedicated presentations, she spoke about

how sport has been enjoyed with full enthusiasm in the communities

that the Isha Foundation works in, and how eventually

transformation happened. She made a special mention to Isha’s

sport-based work during crisis situations in South India.

Ms Mandira Srivastava’s videos and presentation are available at Maidan.in.

Contact Ms Mandira Srivastava at mandirasrivastava@gmail.com

Know more about Isha Foundation at www.ishafoundation.org

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3. Mr Dinesh Baliga

Mr Dinesh Baliga voiced his views and work on the inclusion of

Adivasis who are often discriminated socially. He spoke about

Skillshare’s work in the area of sustainable development in

partnership with communities in Africa and Asia by sharing and

building skills, and facilitating organisational effectiveness and

growth.

He made a special mention to the ‘Hope’ programme, which uses

football as a medium to bring awareness on HIV and AIDS and build

bridges between people with HIV and those without. He also talked

about increasing participation of girls in the programme by using

sport-based activities in the community.

Mr Dinesh Baliga’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Mr Dinesh Baliga at dinesh.baliga@skillshare.org

Know more about Skillshare International at www.skillshare.org

4. Mr Ugrasen

Mr Ugrasen, a young leader from Magic Bus shared his experience of

working in Gadchiroli, a Maoist affected area in Maharashtra. He

took the participants through a captivating journey of how he

convinced parents to send their children, particularly girls, to

boarding school.

Know more about Magic Bus at www.magicbus.org

Group activity: The second part of this workshop involved a small activity. Participants were divided into three groups and given topics to think upon. These topics were Sport as a medium for conflict management and resolution (group 1), Social and gender issues in sport (group 2) and Sport as a medium to include differently-abled into the mainstream. At the end of it, the groups made presentations and discussed their points with the rest of the participants.

Concluding remarks: Mr Pratik Kumar summed up the workshop by saying that sport is a universal language that moves and inspires people all around the world and brings them together. He added that it is a positive propagator of a message and should be taken into account across the board in employment, integration, culture and education. He said that tackling social inclusion through sports can be a win-win situation. He also mentioned that investing in community sports is a key tool in breaking down social barriers and creating a healthy civil society. The workshop concluded on a note that sporting and cultural opportunities can play an important part in reengaging disaffected sections of the community, building shared social capital and grassroots leadership through cross-cultural interaction.

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Workshop on Sport and Health

Saturday, December 3, 2011

New Delhi, India

Introduction The workshop on sport and health had two basic objectives: to fathom health-related issues, and to explore the ways in which sport as a developmental tool can contribute to the sector. The workshop began with a welcome address by the moderator. Moderator: Ms Kalyani Subramanyam, Naz Foundation Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Ms Sunita Godara, Health Fitness Trust 2. Ms Kalyani Subramanyam, Naz Foundation 3. Mr Bobby John, Public Health Advocate

Participation: 75+ Key deliberations:

1. Ms Sunita Godara

Ms Sunita Godara said that sport has shifted gears by taking on the job of a tool that not only promotes physical activities but also contributes in the health sector by promoting health-related products and services. She said that sporting activities not only help a person stay physically fit, but also improve the overall quality of life.

She made a presentation and shared how the Health Fitness Trust attempts to address the cause of health through sport and physical activities. She created an elaborate picture of how sport, yoga, rallies, and other physical activities have been proven to contribute to a healthier society adding that more number of schools, NGOs and Corporates should come forward to support such endeavors.

Ms Sunita Godara’s video and presentations are available at Maidan.in. Contact Ms Sunita Godara at sunitagodara@gmail.com Know more about the Health Fitness Trust at www.healthfitnesssociety.org

2. Ms Kalyani Subramanyam

Ms Kalyani Subramanyam advocated the use of sport in breaking barriers when it comes to community health. Giving examples from the Naz Foundation, she explained how sport makes it easy to deliver programmes and messages around HIV-AIDS, sexual health and well-being. Through her presentation, she briefly explained the four pillars on which the Goal curriculum is based – be yourself, be healthy, be empowered and be money-savvy – and emphasised that health is among the most important of these.

She highlighted engagement through sport leading to creation of a confident comfort-zone for girls and women to come out and talk about their problems, as one of the major advantages sport offers.

Ms Kalyani Subramanyam’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Ms Kalyani Subramanyam at naz.goal@gmail.com Know more about the Naz Foundation at www.nazindia.org

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3. Mr Bobby John Mr Bobby John shared how millions of people are migrating from rural areas to urban cities, that is, from open areas to limited areas. He mentioned how children do not get spaces to play, which in turn affects their health. He added that sport is such a tool that it can bring communities together by giving them self-reliability and belief that they can participate without any kind of discrimination.

He also said listed a few key figures on health, and spoke about the impossibility of attaining economic growth at the cost of unhealthy, unfit children. Mr John concluded saying that sports may not be the ability of every kid, but, play is the birth right of every child.

Contact Mr Bobby John at bj@bjohn.org

Group activity: The presentations were followed by a small group activity on knowing one’s body image. Ms Kalyani Subramanyam and the team from Naz Foundation conducted this activity to make participants realize, feel and be comfortable about their bodies. The underlying message was to be aware and confident of self, since sporting activities often involve physical contact.

Concluding remarks: Mr Vivek Ramchandani remarked that if one invests in sport towards addressing health-based issues, it is like saving on health-care costs. Mr Pratik Kumar summed up the session by reassuring that sport has the power to engage, which comes at a low-cost, and lasts longer. Thus, he said, it is very easy to design and deliver messages on topics as simple as general hygiene to the participants. He said that it is therefore a fantastic, tangible tool for development in the area of community health.

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Workshop on Sport and Physical Education in Colleges and Universities

Saturday, December 3, 2011

New Delhi, India

Introduction This workshop discussed the endless possibilities that sport offer at the college and university level, to takers of all kinds – students, sportspersons, researchers and general enthusiasts, and for givers – professors, veterans and policy makers. It also discussed how sport in colleges and universities could be taken to the next level, so that it contributes to social development in a larger perspective. Moderator: Ms Nayana D Nimkar, Chandrashekhar Agashe College of Physical Education Panel (in order of proceedings):

1. Ms Nayana D Nimkar, Chandrashekhar Agashe College of Physical Education 2. Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal, University of Delhi 3. Mr Arjun J Chaudhuri, University of Delhi 4. Mr Arun Kumar Uppal, Amity University 5. Mr Graham Smith, EdgeHill University, UK

Participation: 75+ Key deliberations:

1. Ms Nayana D Nimkar Ms Nayana D Nimkar moderated the last workshop of Maidan Summit 2011 that aimed to discuss about how to align the existing curriculum in colleges and universities with the upcoming need of taking sport to the next level, and using it in the context of development around areas of education, health, gender and livelihoods.

Contact Ms Nayana D Nimkar at nayananimkar@gmail.com Know more about Chandrashekhar Agashe College of Physical Education at www.agashecollege.org

2. Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal spoke about balancing of education in the country at all levels. He suggested that sport should be seen as foundation of the entire education system, and it should be embedded right from the nascent stages. He recommended as many partnerships as possible in the area, so that sport could directly find connect with development in a general perspective.

He said that one needs to create a dedicated human environment in colleges and universities that that supports a sporting culture, so that there are maximum takers for it. Kansal reiterated the need to formalize physical education at the school as well as the college and university level.

Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr Devinder Kumar Kansal at devinderkansal@gmail.com Know more about University of Delhi at www.du.ac.in

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3. Mr Arjun J Chaudhuri Mr Arjun J Chaudhuri took the audience through a brief history of development of sport. He said that the state of affairs in India is slowly moving from amateur to professional sporting, which is why we can build upon a lot of new developments from within and around the world to craft out sport-based programmes.

He also talked about the economics related to using sport for development in the Indian context, citing a small reference to the example of the industrial revolution of Europe. Arjun said that development can only happen if the methods and processes are in place.

Mr Arjun J Chaudhuri’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Mr Arjun J Chaudhuri at arjun_chaudhuri@yahoo.com Know more about University of Delhi at www.du.ac.in

4. Mr Arun Kumar Uppal Mr Arun Kumar Uppal talked about identification of talent as a key deliverable that sport sciences should offer. Highlighting five areas of sport-oriented courses in colleges and universities, he mentioned scientific sport training methodology, exercise physiology, sport psychology, sport biomechanics, and sport medicine to be important ingredients of sport curriculum in colleges and universities.

In his presentation, Mr Uppal detailed all five of these elements, and elaborated on how their proper integration and use in sport programmes can help sport contribute to the larger domain of development.

Mr Arun Kumar Uppal’s presentation is available at Maidan.in.

Contact Mr Arun Kumar Uppal at drakuppal@rediffmail.com Know more about the Amity University at www.amity.edu/aspess/default.asp

5. Mr Graham Smith Mr Graham Smith in his presentation talked about the foundation of sport provisions in colleges and universities.

Sharing a model from EdgeHill University, he mentioned six main categories for a good course on physical education and sport sciences. These were sport and exercise sciences, sport development, sport studies, sport therapy, coach education and coaching science, and physical education and school sport. In the course of his presentation, Smith elaborated on these categories in light of the ones existing in India and other parts of the world.

He also mentioned that a certain passion about teaching physical education is extremely important in deciding whether it goes a long way or not. Encouraging fundamentals, Smith concluded by saying that physical education and sport sciences is where sport starts. Therefore, the vision of achieving a healthy, active population can be achieved through it. Thus, it is for people involved in sports that

they have to challenge policy and graduate change. If we don’t do that, we let down sports, we let down change, he said. Mr Graham Smith’s presentation is available at Maidan.in. Contact Mr Graham Smith at smithg@edgehill.ac.uk Know more about the EdgeHill University at www.edgehill.ac.uk

Maidan Summit 2011 was driven by Magic Bus India Foundation under the kind auspices of Government of India’s Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, the Australian Government’s Australian Sports Commission, the Government of UK’s British Council, and University of Delhi. The International Center for Research on Women (ICRW), Basix Academy for Building Lifelong Employability (B-ABLE), the Abhinav Bindra Foundation, the Special Olympics Bharat (SOB), the International Award for Young People (IAYP), the Naz Foundation, and SportzPower partnered with Magic Bus towards creating a successful Maidan for sport for development in India.

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Annexure 1

Workshop on Sport and Gender Concept Note

REDUCING GENDER GAP IN SPORTS

WHAT MEN HAVE TO DO Introduction: Sport can be an important tool for social empowerment through the skills and values it teaches, such as teamwork, negotiation, leadership, communication and respect for others. The social benefits of participating in sports are especially important for girls, given that many girls, particularly in adolescence, have fewer opportunities than boys to interact socially outside the home. Through sports, women and girls acquire new interpersonal networks, develop a sense of identity and access new opportunities, allowing them to become more engaged in school and community life. Participation in sports also enables women and girls to express themselves freely through movement as well as increase their self-esteem and self-confidence. However, integration women and girls into the athletic sphere remains a challenge in India as well as globally, largely because of deeply-rooted expectations about women’s place in society and challenges and barriers she faces in the sports arena which is a masculine space to large extent. Men and boys play a critical role in perpetuating these social norms- and they can play a role in changing them. The benefits of sports for women: empowering women and girls: Sports can also be a medium through which to achieve gender equality. Being involved in athletic activities can give women and girls access to public spaces, encourage freedom of expression and foster a greater sense of self-ownership over their bodies. It can also increase girls’ self-esteem and enable them to make choices about their lives in every sphere. It is a well-known fact that physical activity and competition in a supportive environment are both psychologically and spiritually beneficial for girls. Therefore, participating in sports opens up an opportunity to educate girls about effective communication, negotiation and leadership, all of which are essential for women’s empowerment. Barriers to women and girls in sports: Women’s role in leadership and decision making in the arena of sports remains limited throughout the world. Women are underrepresented in all levels of sports be it coaching or management or commercial sporting activities (United Nation, 2007). Moreover, women in decision making bodies of sports organizations at local, regional or interpersonal levels are fewer in number. Hence, to increase gender equality in sports and women’s participation in leadership and decision making, it is important to have women as leaders, be it as coaches or as heads of sports organizations. Efforts to integrate women into sports often are successful at the inception. But retaining girls and women in the field of sports remains a challenge because the field has commonly been classified as masculine domain, one that traditionally does not allow girls and women to enter or stay for long. By doing so, the sports field reinforces many norms that dictate women’s role in a society, thereby creating barriers for girls and women to enter the athletic space. Sports instructors and coaches have a role in perpetuating this gender discrimination; many agree that India is a male dominated country and men have the power in all spheres, including sports. A recent study by ICRW (Parivartan) that explored coaches’ attitudes towards gender equality found that many Mumbai -area coaches believed girls are not physically strong or technically sound and that they are unable to keep up with boys in many sports, including cricket. Coaches are also uncomfortable coaching boys and girls together, which appear to be another key constraint for girls’ participation in sports. Social constraints further impede access to participation in sports and physical education by women and girls. Some constraints are similar throughout the world, such as perception that women’s physical capabilities are inferior and unequal sharing of domestic responsibilities, which imposes constraints on women’s involvement in community activities, including sports. A common social constraint is the stereotyping a sport as “masculine” or “feminine”, which affects both male and female participation, and can be difficult to overcome. Men can be branded as “effeminate” if they abstain from sporting activities. Meanwhile, women are often channeled into “aesthetic” sports, such as gymnastics and ice-skating, where traits perceived as “female” are exhibited (UN Report, 2000). Another barrier to women and girls participating in athletic programmes is that they often are exposed to physical and verbal abuse. Studies conducted in a number of countries indicate the prevalence of violence and harassment in sport. Women and girls may face verbal harassment, including of sexual nature, which can originate from other athletes, coaches, managers, spectators and family or community members. Finally, there is common perception that sports people are viewed as role models who have a positive impact on individuals and the broader community. But women and girls have few female role models to look up to. The number of women coaches is meager, and women are under-represented in leadership and in governing bodies of sporting institutions. However, it is important to consider that empowering women to be coach or role model will not only enhance female participation in sports but also increase the equality in gender in sports. What we need to do: A range of actors are addressing discrimination and inequalities in sport, including governments, the United Nations system, sporting institutions and NGOs. Common strategies include awareness-raising, advocacy and gender –sensitive policymaking and programming, using both gender mainstreaming approaches and women specific initiatives. Such approaches are essential and require that sporting bodies and institutions identify and explicitly address the relevant gender perspectives in all areas of activities. Initiatives that address this along with all forms of violence, exploitation and harassment

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are needed at a variety of levels, including within families, schools, sport teams, communities, and in local, national, regional and interpersonal competitions. The extent of the problem of discrimination against women and girls in sport demands a commitment to creating safe and supportive environments for women and girls to participate in sports as well as action for successful strategies and programmes. The key objectives:

1. To examine and evaluate available best practices in the field of S4D through experiences and case studies. How programmes on sports can appropriately respond to men’s behavior and attitude towards gender equity and violence.

2. To discuss the complex issue of quality versus scale in S4D programming in the context of long-term sustainability. How gender can be integrated into sports organizations’ programmes at the regional, national and international levels? How gender and sports -based models can be replicated /scaled up?

Case Study 1: Moving the Goal Moving the goalpost (MTG) aims to provide opportunities for girls to fulfill their potential using football. It promotes gender equality (Millennium Development Goal 3) by giving girls the chance to development their leadership confidence and organizing skill through football. It also encourages girls to champion their right through being a part of an empowered critical mass of young women. Impact: The most significant impact of the project has been allowing girls to gain individual skill by taking responsibility for all activities associated with the project. Fact & figures: The number of girls playing football has increased .Over 150 girls have been trained as coaches, 37 as referees 47 as health peer educators, 33 as first Aiders, 12 as counselors and 6 in monitoring & Evaluation. MTG has linked with a school, Waa girls and Kasha a local group that sponsor 13 MTG girls in Secondary school. Case Study 2: She’s a Girl! So What? This article summarizes one athlete’s struggle to understand the discrimination against her. It shows her mother’s struggle to help her daughter understand she should be able to do everything the boys can and to stand up for herself. In middle school, Kacy loved to play soccer and participated on the school’s football team. She and the boys played so well together they made it all the way to the state tournament. She loved it. The coaches on the team and in the league supported her playing on the team. However, during the team photo shoot, Kacy was told by her mother that the head of the league told her coach she could no longer play with the boys “because she is a girl”. Kacy and her mother were stunned. They were unable to understand why her daughter’s gender hindered her from playing football, especially since it was never a problem before with the athletes, coaches or parents. Case Study 3: Against All Odds It is not just children whose lives transform dramatically when they come in touch of the Magic Bus Programme. Twenty years old Farzana Begum was the victim of a proverbially cruel step mother, who wanted to marry her off – against her will – to a man more than three times her age. Since the attempt came backed with continuous verbal and physical abuse, Farzana’s self-confidence was never allowed to develop. Farzana worked part time in an Urdu medium school, but had to hand over all her salary to her step mother. Lacking a control over of access to her own earnings also meant that she could not become independent even if she wished to. It was at this point that Farzana was introduced to Magic Bus’s sport based curriculum. She had never played any sport, and so found out at a relatively late age the psychosocial and cognitive benefits of playing. Today, Farzana is a confident youth who has successfully thwarted another plan to marry her off to a much older man. She stands as a strong and indefatigable icon for all women and girls in her area. Facts and Figures: Girl children participation has enhanced from 27% to 43%, number of women as community sports coaches has enhanced from 3% to 12%. Outcomes: Girl children are regular to S4D session The interest generated has enabled MB to start football coaching with 12 girl children. Conclusion: Sport can be used a tool to reduce gender inequalities, break the barriers and initiate the process of transformation and move towards more humane & just society.

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Annexure 2

Workshop on Sport, Youth Development and Livelihoods Concept Note

SPORTS AND ITS IMPACT ON YOUTH DEVELOPMENT

Sports is a powerful medium to engage with youth in bringing positive changes in their lives, intrinsically by being involved in sports and by imparting the soft skills and improving employability of the youth . Since a full set of indicators concerning the evaluation and impact of the MDGs on sport activities already exists, there is no need to elaborate a new set of them. A desk review, undertaken at the request of the ILO’s In Focus Programme Skills, Knowledge and Employability, has identified sport-specific skills that can be added to core skills for employability necessary to perform a job at the local, national or international level. Table 1 lists the sport-specific skills, as described in the Report of the United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force on Sport for Development and Peace (United Nations, 2003, p. 8) Table 2 refers to the outcome of a desk review of various sport projects. These projects include, on one hand, a pool of sport-related projects funded by the European Union in 2004 on the occasion of the European Year of Physical Education and Sport; and, on the other, a list of UN sport and development related projects inventoried for the preparation of the UN Inter-Agency Task Force referred to above. The aim of the desk review was to identify sport-specific skills that can complement core skills for employability, thus contributing to reinforce youth training needs for labour market insertion. As a result, an additional comparison between generic employability skills, as perceived in selected countries, and sport-specific skills selected by the ILO, table showed a more comprehensive picture of how generic and sport-specific skills match and complement one another. Analysing the differences, we find that both from a professional and personal point of view, young workers entering the labour market with sport-specific skills would be well equipped with creativity, team-building and, most of all, peaceful and tolerant behaviour vis-à-vis cultural diversity. The last skill is absolutely necessary for youth entering the labour market in a global economy with such large discrepancies and diversity. It also showed how sport-specific skills can complement core skills for employability. One would eventually like to determine how much they could improve the work environment. Workers need the opportunity to acquire and shape these skills, according to their own needs and the labour market, through sport activities and related training. We should assume that the sport specific skills could significantly improve the work environment because they fit nicely with the internationally recognized skills. Table 1: Skills and values learned through the sports sector • Cooperation • Fair play • Communication • Sharing • Respect for the rules • Self-esteem • Problem-solving • Trust • Understanding • Honesty • Connecting with others • Self-respect • Leadership • Tolerance • Respect for others • Resilience • Value of effort • Teamwork • How to win • Discipline • How to lose • Confidence • How to manage competition

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Source: United Nations, 2003. Soft skills: Soft skills are a set of skills that influence how we interact with each other. The term includes such abilities as effective communication, creativity, analytical thinking, diplomacy, change readiness, problem solving, leadership, team building and listening skills. The goal of soft skills training is to give students the opportunity to learn and practise new patterns of behaviour and in so doing to enhance human relations. This is an area that has been widely accepted and established through researches as a great outcome of Sports for Development Programme. Table 2

Australian key competencies

United Kingdom core skills

Canada employability skills profile

United States workplace know-how

Sport-specific skills selected by the H.O.

1. Collecting, analysing and organizing information

Communication Thinking skills Information Foundation skills, basic skills

Volunteering Taking care of others

2. Communicating ideas and information

Communication Personal skills: improving own performance and learning

Communication skills Information Foundation skills, basic skills

Interpersonal communication Respect for rules; Respect for others

3. Planning and organizing activities

Personal skills: improving own performance and learning

Responsibility skills Thinking skills

Resources; Foundation skills; personal qualities

Managing competition (events organizer)

4. Working with others and in teams

Personal skills: working with others

Positive attitudes and behaviour Working with others Adaptability

Interpersonal skills Teamwork; Team-building; Multidisciplinarity

5.Using mathematical ideas and techniques

Numeracy: application of numbers

Understand and solve problems using mathematics

Foundation skills, basic skills

Managing performance, and training

6. Solving problems Problem solving Problem-solving and decision-making skills, Learning skills

Foundation Skills: thinking

Problem solving Meditation skills

7. Using technology Information technology

Use technology Communication skills

Technology systems Using technology and sport equipment

8. Cultural understanding

Modern foreign languages

Manage information Use numbers Work safely Participate in projects and tasks

Healthy lifestyle, Fair play Tolerance

Case 1: The ILO Youth Sports Programme: The ILO has developed the YSP, which contributes to inserting youth within the sport community through partnership. The YSP has two levels of interventions: the policy level and the project level. At the policy level, the YSP has helped the Albanian authorities and the United Nations Country Team to review the Youth National Policy. This assistance facilitated the full integration of sports partners into the development process. At the project level, workshops carried out in 2004–2005 in Senegal and El Salvador identified areas for joint work and partnerships with the Minister of Sports of Senegal, the Minister of Labour of El Salvador and, as main national counterparts, sports federations in Senegal and the National Olympic Committee (NOC) in El Salvador. Case 2: The Dream Come True (Sri Lanka) This is a story of three women from a remote rural area of Sri Lanka known as Seenigama, which was a major war frontier in the fight between the government and the LTTE. These girls made it to the National teams in their respective sports. It is a story of their struggle and their undying thirst to achieve greatness despite being from under privileged backgrounds. These young women stand as living proof for limitless heights one could reach if given the backing, cultivated the right attitude and supported with perseverance and positive belief.

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Case 3: Stones (Uganda) This is a story of Stone Kyambadde, an ex-professional football player, who due his injury couldn’t pursue his professional career. For more than 20 years, he has worked with street kids in Uganda through the "Wolves" Football program. Football serves as a magnet to draw idle teenagers off the streets and into a program that leads toward personal transformation. The Wolves football program works on prevention by providing a structured, disciplined daily sports program to keep teenage boys from broken homes off the streets, out of trouble, and off of drugs. Case 4: The Star of the Month: Magic Bus Story This story is about a Magic Bus child called Muharram Ali who had joined the Magic Bus program as a child and is now a peer leader. The story is his journey from being a young magic bus child from a slum community of Mumbai to undergoing vocational training with Kotak Education Foundation to being employed by Reliance Fresh to becoming the ‘Star of the Month’ at Reliance Fresh. Case 5: African runners compete for livelihood in Pittsburgh Marathon This is a story of numerous African youth who have left their homes in various parts of Africa and come to the United States of America to become professional runners. This enables them to escape the situations of total apathy, become better people and support their families.

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Annexure 3

Workshop on Sport and Physical Education in Schools Concept Note

Physical education is a key component in determining the delivery of quality education. A daily dose of sports and opportunities for play is an important part of a student’s comprehensive, well-rounded education program; it is a means of positively affecting life-long health and well-being. An optimal physical education program has the potential to foster a lifetime commitment to physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle. It has long term impacts on the integrated development of body and mind; it positively enhances self-confidence and self-esteem, enhances social, cognitive development and advances academic achievement. Ultimately, improved coordinated school physical education programs, will augment other prevention efforts and help to reverse the growing epidemic of childhood obesity which threatens to undo decades of progress in the fight against cardiovascular and other diseases. Effective efforts made now will help children avoid a lifetime of chronic disease and disability. In a culturally rich India, one can hardly ignore the benefits of traditional sports and games that are steeped in a philosophy of respect, patience, responsibility, and honor – all characteristics of good leadership, fundamental to making positive social interaction possible. Despite the world wide recognition of the positive impact of sport on education and child development, physical education continues to be marginalized and occupies a low status within the school curriculum; this trend is universal across various domains – time allocated to physical education, number of staff trained, amount of training provided to physical education teachers, spending on sports equipment, etc. Globally, all sporting nations, including India have attempted to institutionalize sports through the development of a number of activities such as establishing sports authorities, developing national syllabi for physical activities, national fitness corps, national policy on physical education, etc.; with the objective of determining the standard and quality of the delivery of physical education. Many countries have mandated 10 hours of physical activity per week at the primary and upper primary levels and 7 hours per week at the secondary school level. The objective being “to develop certain qualities such as perseverance, team spirit, leadership, obedience to rules, moderation in victory and balance in defeat.” Hidden behind all this good intention, remains a grey area which could possibly be the reason why physical education in schools has been pushed to a defensive position. The conceptually limited understanding of physical education as a set of activities to be done during school hours is one. The inability of school authorities to think of other people (coaches) and other contexts (community sports) is an added bane. The lack of appropriate sporting infrastructure continues to pin down physical education and jeopardize its potential for growth. Researchers and practitioners a like need to ponder on the meaning of physical activity/physical education and broad base their understanding of the concept to include movement such that all children with myriad capabilities can participate – (proposed by Arnold ’78, Bailey ’99, and Williams ’89). Gerome Bruner, in the early eighties posited the ‘culture of childhood’ to constitute action, play and movement. Movements of different kinds generate empowering environments for children, enabling them to play and have fun simultaneously. What is more apparent and obvious is the pupils language development - translating movements into spoken language in a variety of contexts offers a treasure chest of descriptive, directional and action words for children to explore and experience. Athletics, dance, games, gymnastics, outdoor and adventure activities, - each contains their own specific vocabulary and concepts. Movement provides an environment in which learners are led to use language naturally and purposefully and promotes literacy development. An integrated approach to physical education comprising of three components – Athletic skills and knowledge, health education and fitness is the answer to providing a comprehensive approach to health and fitness issues within the school setting, the results of which will last beyond the school and into a lifetime. Conclusion: It has been suggested that physical activities, both formal and informal, form significant elements within our culture, as well as within the very notion of being a human being. As such, physical education in some form would seem to be a valuable, necessary and integral part of any school curriculum. If the potential and range of the physical education experience is fully realized in practice, then pupils can be said to be properly educated. "Without health and fitness, wealth is without value, knowledge is useless, art cannot become manifest, and music cannot be played." Herophilus

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Annexure 4

Workshop on Sport and Social Inclusion Concept Note

It is widely held that sport can contribute to societal inclusion in a variety of ways: Sport is a universal language that moves and inspires people all around the world and brings them together. Sports when used appropriately can bridge divide. Participation in sport teaches important life skills, builds self-esteem and promotes the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups, such as migrants, persons with physical or intellectual disabilities or young people involved in or at risk of deviant social behaviour. The United Nations designated 2004 as the Year of Physical Education through Sport, pointing out that 'access to and participation in sport and physical education provide an opportunity to enjoy social and moral inclusion for populations otherwise marginalized by social, cultural or religious barriers due to gender, disability or other distinctions'. Sport has a major potential as a tool for promoting social inclusion and social cohesion in societies. Sport provides citizens with opportunities to interact and join social networks; it helps immigrants to develop relations with other member of society; and it constitutes a tool for reaching out to the underprivileged or groups at risk of or facing discrimination. Through its contribution to economic growth and job creation, it can also help to revitalise disadvantaged areas. There is recognition that sport and recreation play a major and unique role in psychosocial programming for children and young people affected by major disasters and conflict in different part of the world. Sport plays a role in promoting gender equality and in the integration of people with disabilities. The football club Espérance in Rwanda, for example, has established a Football for Peace program based on a Brazilian model, where only girls can score goals. Espérance reports that initial resistance toward girls and women participating in sports has been overcome, with female attendance (including mothers and grandmothers) at events increasing from almost none to over 50% of spectators on some occasions. The program builds the skills and self-esteem of girls, improves boys’ perceptions of girls’ capacities, and provides women with opportunities for social interaction outside the home and a chance to actively participate in community peace-building dialogue and activities. Espérance engages women on multiple levels and contributes to their empowerment as essential stakeholders in the peace-building process. The EU has a Disability Strategy to promote the integration and equal treatment of people with disabilities. In its Action Plan to implement the Disability Strategy, the Commission considers the role sport plays in promoting the integration of people with disabilities. Special efforts must be made to ensure access to sports venues, infrastructure and activities for people with disabilities, and to ensure that their specific needs are taken into account, including at school. Sport is not for only a right in itself; rather it is a cross-cutting means of achieving other fundamental rights. Sport is a huge mass phenomenon, the most widespread phenomenon of our era. Sport is a powerful tool to push for new ways of thinking that are inclusive of all members of society. Athletes with disabilities show society that they are still able to compete and provide high-ranking performances. Sport is a very positive propagator of a message and it should be taken into account across the board in employment, integration, culture and education policies. Through sport, exclusion situations have been reversed and athletes with disabilities have even come to be regarded as local idols. At the societal level, the role of sport in promoting social networks and active citizenship is potentially very important. Research suggests that sport has the potential to promote community identity, coherence and integration, and that people actively involved in sport are more likely to play an active role in the community in other ways. Sport can therefore be used as a tool for building community and social capital. Social capital is a key element in local responses to problems of social exclusion and is generally thought to serve three important functions — bonding, bridging, and linking. Bonding social capital refers to the informal realm, the close ties that help people to get by. These usually involve family, friends and neighbours. Bridging social capital refers to the civic realm and involves the development of looser ties through networks that extend across different groups in civil society and create bridges between them. Sports as a medium in countries like India is having a positive impact from the perspective of bridging the caste class divide and discrimination as the kids and youth play together and have fun leading to equality, love and respect for each other. Finally, linking social capital refers to the institutional realm, building links to organizations and systems that can help people access resources and bring about broader change. There is significant evidence and political belief that sport contributes to social inclusion. If sport is to help deliver Government objectives on social inclusion then increased sustained financial support is required to support the national governing bodies of sport and their clubs. Tackling social inclusion through sport can be a ‘win-win’ situation. The Government gains a valuable policy tool which appeals directly to people who can be hard to reach using traditional methods; sport gains from increased diversity, higher participation and greater likelihood of international success. Case studies:

1. Operation Reclaim, a Scottish program using sport to integrate young refugees and asylum seekers and divert them from gangs and drugs, cited the example of a 17-year-old Scot who was charged with racially aggravated assault two years previously. Following involvement in organized sport, the young Scot became friendly with the asylum seekers and refugees with whom he now played football. His attitude to asylum seekers and refugees changed because he had come to know them personally.

2. The Complexo de Maré neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro offers a compelling example of this approach. The neighbourhood is

divided into territories controlled by rival gangs. Drug trafficking, related violence and other criminal activity are highly visible and many youth believe gangs are their best option for social and economic advancement. The Luta Pela Paz (Fight for Peace) program was established to offer youth an alternative to drugs, gangs and violence. The program’s primary activity is a boxing

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club, but it also offers access to education and work opportunities, youth leadership training, and social action. Boxing was deliberately chosen for its appeal to male youth attracted to gangs, because it is a good means to channel frustration, and because it offers a relevant entry point for discussions about violence. Sixty percent of the program’s trainers are former participants, bringing the credibility and insights of their own experience to the program. Regular boxing tournaments allow participants to publicly compete and gain respect, something the program’s founder believes they otherwise could only have gained by picking up a gun.

3. In Cambodia, after years of civil war, the Cambodian National Volleyball League (Disabled) has contributed to the healing

process by engaging formerly hostile factions. Matches between integrated teams of ex-Khmer Rouge soldiers and civilians recently attracted media attention. Participants interviewed before the match indicated that they were focusing on the opportunity that the match presented for positive interaction, not the past. The match has inspired many more positive interactions between these two groups off the playing field.

4. In South Africa, apartheid has ended but its effects are still felt in a society that remains heavily divided by race and social

class. Peace Players International — South Africa (PPI-SA) established the Bridging Divides Program to break down race barriers, educate children. Many programs encounter cultural and religious barriers that make it challenging to reach women and girls. However many programs have been able to gradually overcome these obstacles.

Conclusion: Sport has the power to unite people. Investing in community sport is a key tool in breaking down social barriers and creating a healthy civic society. “Sporting and cultural opportunities can play an important part in reengaging disaffected sections of the community, building shared social capital and grass roots leadership through improved cross-cultural interaction.” Building Cohesive Communities. Home Office December 2001.

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Annexure 5

Workshop on Sport and Health Concept Note

Introduction: Sport’s unique and universal power to attract, motivate and inspire makes it a highly effective tool for engaging and empowering individuals, communities and even countries to take action to improve their health. According to the WHO, experience and scientific evidence show that regular participation in appropriate physical activity and sport provides people of both sexes and all ages and in additions, including persons with disabilities, with a wide range of physical, social and mental health benefits. Physical activity and sport support strategies to improve diet and discourage the use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs. As well, physical activity and sport help reduce violence, enhance functional capacity, and promote social interaction and integration. Sport as a mean for mobilizing resources to fight against disease Sport generates health benefits in two primary ways — through direct participation in sport itself, and through the use of participatory and spectator sport as a platform for communication, education and social mobilization. Well-designed sport for health initiatives often work on both levels. Increasing physical activity levels because physical inactivity is a primary risk factor driving the global increase in chronic disease, sport can play a critical role in slowing the spread of chronic diseases, reducing their social and economic burden, and saving lives. Promoting healthy attitudes and behaviours: In disadvantaged communities and populations, where people are often defined in terms of their needs and deficits, sport provides a powerful counter-balance to these perceptions .Participating in sport draws on people’s strengths and assets — energy, enthusiasm, natural and acquired skills, the desire to excel — and the universal capacity for fun and enjoyment. In this way, well-designed sport programs that are inclusive, fair, fun and promote excellence at all skill levels — help to empower participants and build self-esteem. Self-esteem can be defined as a person’s overall self-appraisal and feeling of self-worth. Self-esteem is critical to health because it motivates self-care and can contribute to healthy lifestyle behaviours. For individuals deeply affected by poverty, disease, disability or conflict, the development of self-esteem can be a profound psychological shift that enables and motivates them to adopt healthier lifestyle behaviours. At the community level, popular sport events offer local platforms to deliver health information and education, and can serve as a starting point for community mobilization to support health promotion, vaccination, and disease prevention and control efforts Fostering social connection: A powerful social connector, sport can bring people together, expand and strengthen social ties and networks, link people to resources and provide them with a sense of belonging. These social relationships are a fundamental determinant of health but are often lacking for people who are marginalized by poverty, disease, discrimination or conflict. Sport can also be used to reduce the social stigma experienced by marginalized groups, such as persons with disabilities, people with HIV and AIDS, and former child combatant by engaging these individuals in sport activities with other community members, sport creates a shared space and experience that helps break down negative perceptions and enables people to focus on what they have in common. This is an important step in enhancing these individuals’ self-concept and emotional health. Direct benefit of sport on physical health: Although research interest on physical activity and health dates back to the 1950s, the breakthrough in the scientific evidence on health benefits of physical activity largely took place during the 1980s and 1990s. There is an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence on the positive effects of sport and physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle. The positive, direct effects of engaging in regular physical activity are particularly apparent in the prevention of several chronic diseases, including: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension, obesity, depression and osteoporosis. Sports and other physical activities have innumerable physical health benefits, including improved cardio respiratory and muscular fitness, bone health, increased life expectancy, and coronary health. Sports can also help prevent various types of cancer and weight gain and have positive effects on mental health by reducing depression and improving cognitive function. Sports can help promote long-term weight loss and help avoid weight gain. Sports increase metabolic rates and can help increase lean body mass while burning calories and getting rid of excess fat. Although the amount of physical activity needed varies by body type and caloric intake, sports can help a person maintain a healthy weight. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, between two and half to five hours of moderately-intensive physical activity can help achieve weight stability. High-intensity sports can help people who want to lose weight or maintain a significant amount of weight loss. Sports can help people of all ages maintain and improve the health of their heart, lungs and blood vessels. Physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of coronary disease and stroke. According to the British Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, approximately 40 percent of deaths related to coronary heart disease are related to inadequate physical activity, obesity, stress and raised blood pressure. Sports can help with all of these physical issues, decreasing the risk of coronary disease by about 50 percent. Sports can be a form of mental therapy for people with psychological disorders and depression. Sports may promote self-esteem in the form of positive perception of body image and self-worth. By participating in sports with others, people can also enter in positive social environments to promote psychological health. Physical activity can also decrease the risk of cognitive decline that comes with aging and can reduce anxiety in adolescents. Case Studies:

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59% of HIV positive individuals in sub-Saharan Africa are women. A number of actors have attempted to address the impact of this gender bias in HIV/AIDS affected groups through sport. For example, the Go Sisters project in Zambia seeks to provide sports opportunities to girls and young women and to provide factual information pertaining to sexual and reproductive health.

“I am unable to focus on my studies, when other kids see me and laugh. I start thinking that they are aware of my status. Sometimes if I’m having fun with my friends, I start to think that I am different from them, but the fact is that I’m the same as the rest of them it’s just that I’m HIV positive. I began taking antiretroviral (ARV) medicine in 2005. When I first took them I thought that I was going to die but I am still alive. With the help of the WhizzKids United Health Academy staff's understanding, support, and love I have gained a new perspective of myself and my life. My dream is to become a police officer and thanks to WKU I know that I can still reach my dream”

Women in Paralympic Sport Leadership Initiative Since 2004, the IPC organized 8 summits and more than 200 individual benefitted. Participants identified by National Paralympic Committees ranged in age and experience, but all were viewed as current or potential leaders within the Paralympic movement in the country. The primary output of Summits were a transfer of leadership skills, an increase in the understanding and awareness of the key role women can play in leadership within the paralympic movement. “It is a wonderful opportunity for men and women in Paralympic sport to build a strong network, share best practices and learn leadership skills that they need to influence change in their home organization” Using sport and art to encourage healthy living among children from hard to reach families - Stourport High School,Worcestershire, Government Girls Senior Secondary School, Punjab. For this project school authorities decided to encourage children from hard to reach families to participate. These students often do not take part in trips or exchanges and frequently do not get the opportunity to benefit from international partnerships or new cultural experiences. The draw of sports has encouraged all of students to have a global outlook, fostered cross-cultural understanding and helped dispel racial prejudices. A partnership with International Inspiration government Girls Senior Secondary School has helped us continue delivering a rich, vibrant and diverse learning experience to all our students. “The pupils within our school have a strong reputation for athleticism and have achieved fantastic results in national and District football tournaments. This success inspired us to use sport as a tool to capture the attention of all of our students and those of our partner school The Aylesbury Vale Academy”

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Annexure 6

Workshop on Sport and Physical Education in Colleges and Universities Concept Note

"Athletics are great. But physical education is for every youngster – to help them learn about themselves, learn about themselves, learn about their bodies, and learn ways to become physically active but not necessarily to compete." George Graham Physical education by all means is one of the most important facets of human development. In India the first college that bought this self-developing and motivating course to light is LNIPE (Lakshmi Institute of Physical Education) Gwalior way back in 1957. The first undergrad course was started in 1957 which was then followed by post-graduation programs, M.Phils. and PhDs. Today after 55years, there are as many as 511 colleges that offer courses related to physical education in various levels. Colleges and universities are vehemently rooting for introducing different courses on physical education for the students in their syllabus. With sheer lack of planned and discipline life, a comprehensive course on sports and physical education is expected to give a colossal lift to a young person's personality both physically and mentally. It has been studied that physical activity patterns during the young adult years are likely to be important influences on habitual physical activity during overall adult life and, consequently, have significant implications for long-term health outcomes. In a much broader perspective, physical education can make important contributions in the primary prevention of inactivity-related chronic diseases and to the general education of the college student. Not only this, a good course and study of physical education also opens many new avenues for a student. There are different areas where a person can consequently find himself even taking up a career related to the field. But all this is only possible when this particular subject is well introduced and applied in the student’s life. Common topics of study in physical education programs include sports program management, sports history and ethics, motor development, control and performance, exercise physiology and movement analysis. Practical field experience is included in many physical education degree programs. Below are few reasons which make physical education a quintessential course in colleges and university levels:

Exercise is an important contributor in alleviating daily stress.

A healthy lifestyle is necessary to keep our physical and mental states functioning at their optimum.

Exercising is the best way to ensure one looks young and vibrant.

A healthy lifestyle requires participation in physical activity regardless of gender and ethnic background.

Exercising the correct way enables one to acquire good posture and build throughout one’s life.

Lifelong healthy living is directly related to one’s physical activity level.

An active person is more mentally alert compared to those who are less active. Most adults gain sufficient exercise from their daily activities

There is a scientific basis for the benefits of carrying out physical activity.

Opens up different avenues for young minds.

Enables an overall development of healthy body and mind

Brings about the sense of healthy lifestyle. In spite of physical education being one of the most constructive courses, India has done very little to uplift it to the optimum. Sadly, even after so many years there is only one deemed university (LNIPE) which comes under the Sports Authority India and caters to all the possible courses related to this field. Nonetheless, high time to gear up and understand the importance of physical education in our academic circle.