making it simple: a pragmatic approach to cloud computing

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Making IT Simple

A Pragmatic Approach to Cloud Computing

Scott Mattoon

Principal Architect, Oracle Global Enterprise Architecture Program

© 2011 Oracle Cloud Computing – Why you need Architecture 2

A Pragmatic Approach to Cloud Computing

Abstract

• As organizations adopt cloud computing, they need to

define an approach that matches the combined

advantages of IT standardization, consolidation, and

self-service, with their specific business drivers. This

session outlines Oracle's Cloud Reference

Architecture and outlines fundamental considerations

to implement a cloud strategy. Methods are presented

for aligning critical architectural decisions and key

organizational transformations with cloud strategy, as

well as the important criteria to consider when

selecting cloud service providers and cloud enabling

technologies.


The following is intended to outline our general product

direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and

may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a

commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality,

and should not be relied upon in making purchasing

decisions. The development, release, and timing of any

features or functionality described for Oracle’s products

remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.


Agenda

What are the key considerations in Cloud

architecture? Consider….

• What is your cloud ‘perspective’?

• What sort of architecture do you need?

• What is the focus of component architectures?

• What are the ‘Deployable Entities’?

• How to think about ‘refactoring’ the

organization?


Contrasting two approaches This presentation emphasizes ‘integration’

- Virtualization Centric • Has a potential of increasing

complexity over time

vs.

- Integration Centric • Integration & architectural abstraction

offers higher performance and

greater ‘simplicity’


Before we get started….

What is your cloud ‘perspective’?


What’s your Cloud ‘Perspective’?

- Three differentiating criteria

- This perspective drives your decisions

Motivation Pure $ savings vs. Business Agility

Project

Control IT Dept. vs. Business

Business

Model IT as Support vs. IT as a Business

Is your cloud project ‘cutting costs’ or ‘driving business’?


How does ‘perspective’ affect approach? Focus on the areas key to your initiative

Consider the Oracle Cloud Maturity Model

• 8 domains (not all may be relevant to initiative)

• Multiple uses:

1. Framework for insight and discussion

2. Diagnostic for current environment

3. Planning tool / roadmap generator

4. Program longitudinal measurement tool

• Select key capabilities to focus on …

Governance

Business

&

Strategy

Organization

ServicesOperations

Infrastructure

Information

Architecture

IT cost savings

Business agility


Key Business / IT Transformations Define your key transformations

Systems and application

management is specific to

select systems & apps

Operations developed

and performed by the IT

department

Architecture implemented

up front (early binding)

The cloud ‘control plane’ is

architected as a model centric

service

IT will move to building up-

front operational functions for

a self-service model.

Build infrastructure up-front,

deploy later (late binding)

Cloud Approach Traditional Approach


What sort of cloud architecture

do you need?


Why do I need an Architecture? Focus on the key decisions

• “architecture encompasses the set of significant

decisions about the organization of a software system

including the selection of the structural elements and

their interfaces by which the system is composed;

behavior as specified in collaboration among those

elements; composition of these structural and behavioral

elements ……” (Krutchen, Booch, et.al.)

• “in the end, architecture boils down to whatever the

important stuff is.” (Martin Fowler)

• Architecture is key to avoiding Black Swans


Oracle Cloud Conceptual Architecture Outline and group the basic elements

• Key elements

- Service model

- Management

infrastructrue

- Resources

- Roles –

Consumer,

Broker,

Auditor…

NIST conceptual architecture


Drill down for critical functional detail e.g., cloud management


Map to technologies / products Including standards and portability


Cloud Logical Architecture Consider key relationships, abstractions…


Key abstractions – Making ‘IT’ Simple Architecture concepts and Portability issues

APIs

developer discovery and

APIs

Code deployment, developer discovery and

application control

Images Images

Application and data deployment

Data

Access and formatting of

Data

Access and formatting of data may differ

Model Model

Architectural models may be external,

embedded, or internal

Services

Services

Run time services may be absent or

significantly different

Separation of roles (e.g., Cloud Provider

Separation of roles (e.g., Cloud Provider

vs Service Developer)

Deployable Entities Deployable Entities (aka VDCs) include Service Templates and Context (e.g.

‘Assemblies’)

Separation of Separation of control plane ‘cloud’ vs ‘pool’

mgmt

Logical ‘pools’

physical resources

Logical ‘pools’ abstraction of

physical resources


Hybrid Clouds – Which Kind? Different ways to mix public and private

Apps

Test

Apps Development

Apps

Production

Private Cloud Public Cloud

Lifecycle distribution Dev/test cloud - the Common one

HR

CRM

Claims Processing

HR


Functional distribution Public & private services - a Likely one

Claims Processing’

Claims Processing

Synchronization


Workload distribution ‘Cloudbursting’ - the Hard one

It is common when ‘Hybrid’ is mentioned to think of …

• Simple Dev/test or

• Complicated ‘Cloud scaling

– also consider a functional distribution hybrid architecture


XaaS Component Architecture

And the value of Integration


Component Architecture – DB consolidation Standardization isn’t always the first step

Optimize

Automate

Consolidate

Standardize

Define a standard solution

Reduce the footprint

Reduce the manual tasks

Achieve new efficiency


Component Arch ex. – Database Cloud Three alternatives to multi-tenancy

Server Deploy in dedicated VMs

Server virtualization

Operating System Share server pool

Real Application Clusters

Database Share database instance

Real Application Clusters

OS OS

ERP ERP DW DW CRM CRM

DB

D

B

OS OS

DB

D

B

DB

OS OS

ERP ERP DW DW CRM CRM

OS OS

DB

Hypervisor Hypervisor

CRM CRM DW DW ERP ERP

OS

DB

D

B

OS D

B

DB

OS

DB

D

B

Hypervisor Hypervisor

Workload Type Server OS Database

Mission or Business Critical p Standardized environment p p

Rapid provisioning (Dev / Test) p p Mixed workload as-is consolidation p

Sche

ma

Sche

ma

Schem

a

Schem

a

Schem

a

Schem

a

Schem

a

Schem

a

Schem

a

Schem

a


Engineered Systems in the Cloud PaaS services from Integrated HW/SW

Exadata / Exalogic

• Reference configuration

• Known sizing

• Order as ‘part number’

• Unified support

• Simplified deployment

• Run existing apps

• Enterprise scale

• High performance


Build from Scratch vs. Exadata Commonwealth Bank of Australia

•DB deployment time reduced from 3 months to < 1 week

Build From Scratch with Components

Reference Configurations

Take delivery of Oracle Database Machine

Weeks to Months

Acquisition of

components

Installation and

configuration

Acquisition of

components

Installation and

configuration

Testing and

Validation

Testing and

Validation

Weeks to Months

Oracle Exadata Database Machine

Server Pool pre-configured

Faster deployment

Lower Risk

< 1 Week after Delivery

Testing and Validation

Configuration Pre-implementation

System sizing


Absracting application architecture

What are Deployable Entities?


What will you ‘deploy’? It’s more complex than a bunch of images

Deployable Entities Deployable Entities (aka VDCs) include Service Templates and Context (e.g.

‘Assemblies’)

Model Mgmt.

be external (deployment code), embedded (e.g.

Model Mgmt.

Architectural models of cloud applications may

be external (deployment code), embedded (e.g.

OVF) or internal


Oracle Cloud API ‘Service Catalogue’ Images plus architectural meta-data

• Repository of models

• Models contain

templates and

service contracts

- Payloads like virtual

server images

- Application metadata

such as configurations

and policies


Model / Service Management Need to do both

• Model management supports

build-time functions in cloud - Exposes resources to developers

- Stores developer’s models for

deployment

- Validates cloud models

• Developer’s main point of

interaction with the cloud

• Model management also

contains the solution catalogue,

facilitating discovery, storage,

use and re-use of cloud

services

• Service management controls

the run-time aspects of the cloud - Capacity management

- Service management

• Operator’s main point of contact

for the cloud

• Provisions / monitors resource tier

• Contains configuration

management repository which is

the current state of all cloud vDCs


Oracle Virtual Assembly Builder Automating deployment of ‘assemblies’

• Package up complex structure from dev/test and reconstitute in production

• Minimize setup time and risk of hard-to-debug configuration errors

• Easily replicate in production with minor variations

• Each instance has well-contained configuration parameters for flexibility

config1

Dev/Test Environment

Production Environments

config2

Assembly = Appliances (VM Templates + configuration Metadata) + relationships & start order Metadata


Admin/Archtiecture as a Service

‘Refactoring’ Dev / Ops Roles


‘Enterprise’ Private Clouds are Different

• Consider the 5 NIST essential characteristics

- On-demand self-service, Resource pooling, Rapid

elasticity, Measured service, Broad network access

• But are ‘private’ clouds different from ‘public’ clouds…

- E.g., On-demand self service

• Public developer cloud – unrestricted resources provisioned in

minutes, but with no controls or corporate governance

• Enterprise private cloud – need provisioning controls, standards

enforcement, prioritization, approvals, etc.

- I.e., Enterprise cloud faster to deploy than traditional IT, but probably

slower that public cloud

• How ‘SELF’ is self-service really? - What roles are involved in managing, deploying and consuming

the Cloud?

Iaa

Paa

Saa

IaaS

PaaS

SaaS I N T R A N E T


Identify Roles and Interactions Cloud implies changes in IT roles

User

uses service

Cloud Operator

creates resources

Monitor/manages cloud

Cloud Builder

App Owner DevOps

Developer

Monitors & Approves Services

Creates Services Packages & Deploys Services

Models Service


Cloud Roles / Actors Each role category has possible sub-roles

Category Actor DMTF Roles

Cloud Service

Provider Operator Service Operations Mgr

Builder Service Business Mgr

Service Transition Mgr

Cloud Service

Developer Service Developer

Service Developer Deployer / DevOps

Cloud Service

Consumer Application Owner Consumer Business Mgr

Consumer Service Admin

User Service User


Build time vs run time perspectives Need to separate development / operations horizons

Process Modeling, Simulation and Documentation

Deployment Engineering

Cloud Monitoring and Metrics

Service Identification & Discovery

End End UsersUsers

Application Application OwnerOwner

Service Service DeveloperDeveloper

Service Service DeployerDeployer

Cloud Cloud OperatorOperator

Cloud Cloud BuilderBuilder

BUILD TIME

RUN TIME


Set up Cloud Platform

Set up self-service portal

Set up shared

components

Dept App

Build app using shared

components IT

App Developer

Deploy using self service

App Users

1. Set Up Cloud 2. Build App

3. Use App

App Owner

4. Manage App

Manage

Adjust Capacity

Review Charge-back

Use app

Self-Service Interface Shared Components

Application Server

Integration / SOA

BPM Portal Security &

Identity

System Manager

Database

Operating System,Virtualization,Server,Storage

Example of Build vs Run Time Oracle Virtual Assembly Builder roles

Oracle Cloud Platform

BUILD TIME

RUN TIME


So how do I get there?

Use architecture to keep IT simple


Focused Implementation Vs. Wide Diffusion Most companies have multiple projects underway or anticipated

• Strategic – Complete migration for a given architecture/application, often focusing on revenue enhancement

• Tactical – Wide deployment of a limited technology (e.g. virtualization), often focusing on cost reduction


Cloud Computing Roadmap How Will Your Cloud Be Introduced?

• Cloud computing efforts range from small

‘experiment’ projects to major strategic initiatives.

• Most companies have multiple initiatives.

• It doesn’t have to get more complicated

- Before you start (not just after you finish)…. Architecture

- Make things more simple through higher levels of integration and

abstraction

- Consider Oracle VM Templates, OVAB Assemblies, Engineered

Systems, Oracle Public Cloud

Strategy, Architecture, Transformations,

Measurement, Readiness, Roadmap


Using Public Cloud Computing Oracle Public Cloud

Database Database ServiceService

WebCenter WebCenter ConnectConnect ServiceService

WebLogicWebLogic ServiceService

Fusion Fusion CRMCRM

FusionFusion TalentTalent

Fusion Fusion HCMHCM

FusionFusion ERPERP

Security & Security & Identity Identity ServiceService

Integration Integration ServiceService

Look for:

Pure-opex model

Enterprise grade multi-tenancy

Integrated development environment

Transparent architecture and control

10X+ productivity

Install applications (not just images)

Unambiguous data persistence

Predictable …

performance, elasticity, price



Database Database ServiceService

WebCenter WebCenter ConnectConnect ServiceService

WebLogicWebLogic ServiceService

Fusion Fusion CRMCRM

FusionFusion TalentTalent

Fusion Fusion HCMHCM

FusionFusion ERPERP

Security & Security & Identity Identity ServiceService

Integration Integration ServiceService

Look for:

Pure-opex model




10X+ productivity



Predictable …



Implementing Private Cloud Computing Oracle Consulting Cloud Services

• Lifecycle services approach to deliver business solutions

• Unparalleled product skills across the entire Oracle portfolio

• Extensive architecture and system knowledge


For More Information….

oracle.com/cloud


Leading Expertise: Oracle’s own experts providing thought leadership for every

Oracle solution

Broad Coverage: “End-to-end” lifecycle services across the entire Oracle product

footprint

Global Scale: 20,000 Oracle experts in 145 countries, serving

over 20 million users

Flexible Delivery: Onsite, offsite, and offshore, along with innovative

solutions such as Advisory and Architecture Services

Oracle Consulting Transforming Your Business Using Oracle Solutions

Deliver on Oracle’s commitment to ensure you maximize business value

• Lifecycle services approach to deliver business solutions

• Unparalleled product skills across the entire Oracle portfolio

• Extensive architecture and system knowledge

• Deep industry understanding, focus, and alignment

• Close working relationship with global system integrators

• Leading global service delivery model

• Industry leader in certified consultants

WHY ORACLE CONSULTING


Oracle Public PaaS Architecture and Key Product Mapping

Shared System Infrastructure

Shared Enabling & Management Infrastructure

Virtual Service AssembliesVirtual Service Assemblies

Metadata

Metadata

Metadata

Middle TierMiddle Tier Database TierDatabase Tier

Enterprise Social ServiceEnterprise Social Service Java ServiceJava Service Database ServiceDatabase Service

Oracle Public PaaS

SaaS

Oracle ApplicationsOracle Applications

cloud.oracle.com Self-Service Sign Up, Lifecycle Management ISV and Custom Applications

Virus ScanVirus Scan Secure File Secure File

TransferTransfer HTTP RoutingHTTP Routing White ListWhite List NotificationsNotifications Integration Integration

GatewayGateway Usage & Usage &

BillingBilling Secure BackupSecure Backup

Identity Identity ManagementManagement

DirectoryDirectory

Configuration ManagementConfiguration Management

Application ManagementApplication Management

Quality & Lifecycle Quality & Lifecycle ManagementManagement

System System ProvisioningProvisioning

Tenant Tenant ManagementManagement

DataData LoadLoad

DataData SynchSynch

Real Time Real Time EventsEvents

Access Access ManagementManagement

Oracle Fusion SaaS

Oracle WebLogic Oracle Database Oracle WebCenter

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle Exadata Oracle ExaLogic

Oracle Virtual Assembly Builder

Oracle Data Integration Oracle Identity

Management

Oracle GoldenGate



Look for:

Pure-opex model




10X+ productivity



Predictable …



Shared System Infrastructure

Shared Enabling & Management Infrastructure

Middle TierMiddle Tier Database TierDatabase Tier

WebCenter Connect ServiceWebCenter Connect Service WebLogic WebLogic ServiceService Database ServiceDatabase Service

Oracle Public PaaS

SaaS Oracle Oracle

ApplicationsApplications ISV and Custom

Applications

Virtual Service Assemblies, Shared Provisioning, Virtual Service Assemblies, Shared Provisioning, IntegrationIntegration, , Security & Identity ServicesSecurity & Identity Services, Operational Tools, Operational Tools

cloud.oracle.com

SelfSelf--service Sign Up, Lifecycle service Sign Up, Lifecycle ManagementManagement

making it simple: a pragmatic approach to cloud computing

Technology

deployable

cloud perspective

cloud strategy

service model

aka vdcs

service sign

cloud

images