making way for novel broadband radio services international telecommunication union...
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Making wayfor novel broadband radio services
International Telecommunication UnionTelecommunications Development Bureau
ITU Regional Workshop on Efficiency of theFrequency Spectrum Use in the Arab Region
Amman-Jordan, 5-7 Dec. 2011
Dr. Arturas MedeisisITU-BDT Spectrum Management Expert
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Scope of presentation • Why we need broadband?• Modifying existing mobile assignments• Assigning new spectrum• Other than mobile options?• Looking into the future?
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Importance of broadband• Enabling modern inclusive ICT services• Wireless BB provides faster deployment,
especially to “green-field” underserved areas with poor infrastructure
Wireless broadband services platform
Radio Spectrum
IT services platform
Services competition
Convergent ICT
Innovativeness
Inclusion
Economic growth
Consumer benefits
Societal benefits
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Global data traffic forecasts
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Two directions• Creating opportunities for existing
spectrum assignments to be “upgraded” to provide novel Broadband services:– i.e. Technological level re-farming
• Seeking new spectrum assignment opportunities:– Exclusive licences– Overlay licences (shared access)
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Technological re-farming• Mostly concerns the possibility of
upgrading old 2G spectrum to provide 3G/4G services
• Especially the 900 MHz band, as it provides best coverage optimisation
Source: CEPT ECC Report 82
The concept of “sandwiching” broadband channel between narrow-band 2G channels
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Upgrading 2G licences• 2G operators should be given cart blanche to
freely decide on technological evolution within their assigned spectrum
• Even typical 2 x 8...12 MHz spectrum blocks could be well used to accommodate broadband CDMA/OFDMA channels
• Modern Software Defined Radio (SDR) Base Stations allow seamless re-organisation of network access from 2G (GSM) to 4G (LTE) in any channel combination
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New bands for broadband
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Importance of lower bands• Compare mobile OFDM coverage options
for different bands (open area Hata model)
0 2 4 6 8 10
700 MHz
1.8 GHz
2.5 GHz
3.5 GHz
km
64-QAM 3/4
16-QAM 3/4
QPSK 1/2
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The terms of licensing?• In the past new assignments were made
to specific technology, e.g. GSM• Nowadays, NRAs are ill placed to decide
on which broadband technology would become the winning proposition:– witness WiMAX vs LTE battle for dominance
• Therefore it is important that from the start the new assignments are technology-neutral and flexible in terms of service offering (mobile vs. FWA vs. BS/IPTV etc.)
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Playing the neutrality card safe• Important to engineer sufficient safeguards
into the spectrum assignments to ensure smooth functioning of neutrality
• Primary technological solutions:– FDD/TDD-friendly solutions– Universal channel rasters – Block Edge Mask concept– Border coordination thresholds
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FDD/TDD flexibility
Operator A Operator B Operator A Operator B
FDD duplex spacing
a) Initial assignment
b) Possible outright deployment of different technologies
Operator AFDD uplink
Operator BTDD block 1
Operator AFDD downlink
Operator BTDD block 2
c) If both operators agree to use TDD technology, they must be allowed to swap their respective FDD blocks
Operator ACombined contiguous TDD block
Operator BCombined contiguous TDD block
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The BEM concept (I)TX Output Power Density
(dBW/MHz)
F, from the block edge
-36
-89
Internalguard band
(~1/2 system channel)
1st system channel(typical size)
-77
B0 A
PMAX
Assignedblock
Adjacent block
2nd system channel(typical size)
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The BEM concept (II)
ΔF
PTx
c
b
a
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BEM implications• BEM favours homogenous deployment of
uniform transmitters with gradual densification
Source: CEPT Report 19
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ITU-R work on mobile BB• Preparation of a new ITU-R Report
“Analysis and assessment of global broadband wireless services and marketplace for IMT”
• Series of workshops “IMT for the Next Decade”
Turning to alternative options...
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BWA concept is still alive
• Wireline quality dedicated radio links
• Single connection for multimedia use
• Network roll-out faster than DSL/fibre
• Deployment in FS bands from 10 GHz and above
CSN
CS1
CSi
Internet/ Packet Data
PSTN
TV/ video contribution
BWA
Switch/
Central Station(CS)
Control
CPE
PC TV
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Or even high density FS
• E.g. 59 GHz, 64-66 GHz
• Suitable for short hop bridging links in dense (urban) scenarios
• High and flexible channel bandwidth:– from 100 MHz up to 2 GHz
• 59 GHz applications could be licence-exempt, 64 GHz well suited for light-licensing
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Thinking further into the future• TV White Spaces (TVWS) – a medium-
term flexible solution for on-demand (ad hoc) broadband connectivity
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How much White Spaces?• USA:
• Some European countries:
(UC Berkeley, 2010)
(FP7’s FARAMIR, 2011)
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A closer national study• Poland:
– Based on ITU GE-06 plan– 30 m 36 dBm Base Stations– Protection of interference-
limited coverage of TV
(NIT Wroclaw, 2011)
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A vision for TVWS SM solution
UK, Ofcom
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Problems, issues to address• Protection of existing services:
– Broadcasting Service– Wireless microphones (Programme Making Special Events)– Other (Radio Astronomy, Radionavigation, etc.)
• Development of TV WSD technology:– stable technical characteristics, standardisation– link with geo-location database, security, integrity– business case?
• Regulatory considerations:– regulatory mechanism for the Dynamic Spectrum Access– equipment type approval– enforcement issues (“FCC chip” idea, etc.)
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Conclusions• Fuelled by the constant proliferation of
personal “smart” phones, tablets, etc., the growth in demand of wireless broadband services will remain an important factor well into the future
• NRAs should consider all available options and strive to satisfy the demand by the industry in the most forward-looking and flexible manner
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Thank you!
Dr. Arturas [email protected]
ITU: Committed to connecting the World