malaria in the americas: progress, challenges, strategies and main activities for 2012 -2013 and...

2007

Pan AmericanHealthOrganization

2004


Malaria in the Americas: Progress, Challenges, Strategies and Main Activities for 2012 -2013 and

Beyond

Malaria situation in the Americas, 2009

• 21 endemic countries in the Region (n= 565,892 malaria cases in 2009); 52 reduction in cases since 2000• 74% P. vivax; 26% P. falciparum; <1% P. malariae

• 122 deaths reported in 2009; 68% decrease vs. 2000 baseline• 27 member states free of local malaria transmission

API

No data

No cases

≤1

1.00 - 5.00

5.01 - 10.00

10.01 - 100.00

>100

®

Source: Regional Malaria Program / HSD / PAHO* Data for Haiti shown at ADM-1 Level

Progress and Achievements: 2000 - 2009

• 9 Countries with >75% reduction in total cases / RBM and MDG goals achieved

• 4 Countries with 50 - <75% reduction in total cases / RBM goal achieved

• 5 Countries with <50% reduction in total cases

• 3 Countries with increase in cases (DOR, HAI, VEN)

• Total annual average of 1,800 “imported” cases among non-endemic countries since 2000, mostly occurring among travelers

Source: Country Reports to PAHO/WHO

Percentage Change in Malaria Morbidity Among Endemic Countries,

2005 vs. 2009

-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150

Costa RicaNicaraguaSuriname

BelizeGuatemala

PanamaEcuador

ParaguayEl Salvador

ArgentinaGuyana

Dom. RepublicPeru

BoliviaBrazil

HondurasColombiaVenezuela

French GuianaMexico

Haiti

> 75%

50-75%

< 50%

Increase

% difference of malaria cases


Confirmed Cases

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Year

0K

200K

400K

600K

800K

1000K

Confirmed Cases

4,57227

44,513

1,2265,1622,482

144,429

18,224

845,397

575,037

RBM

Subregion

Amazon

Central America

Hispaniola

Mexico

Southern Cone

Source: Country Reports to PAHO/WHONote: 2010 data are based on preliminary country reports

Malaria situation in the Americas by Subregions, 1990-2010


Imported Malaria Cases in the Non-endemic Countries, 1990-2009

1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Year

0

500

1,000

1,500

Number of Malaria Cases Malaria in nonendemic countries, 1980- 2009

Country

USA

Canada

Other Nonendemic countries

*Other countries excludes cases from Cuba

Problems Faced / Continuing and Evolving Challenges

• Need to review and update malaria policies and strategic frameworks to reflect work carried out in the Region, including complex emergencies; prevention and control; pre-elimination; elimination; and prevention of re-introduction;

• Need for sustained and strengthened surveillance at all levels of the health system to detect malaria threats and trigger appropriate responses with minimal delay, and identify resistance to anti-malarial medicines;

• Need for stronger and continuing commitment of countries (endemic and non-endemic) and various sectors in efforts against the disease, particularly in terms of sustained or increased investments, so that targets are achieved, lessons are learned, best practices are continued, accomplishments are sustained, resurgence of the same problems is averted, and new challenges are addressed proactively;

• Need for all partners and stakeholders to redouble efforts to foster the development, accessibility, and use of evidence-based interventions by malaria stakeholders and initiatives

The Region’s Commitment…

• Further reduction of malaria morbidity by 75%, as called for by WHA58.2 (2005)

• Further reduction of malaria-related deaths by 25%.

• Implementation of efforts to eliminate malaria in areas deemed feasible (particularly Mesoamerica and the Southern Cone).

• Reversal of the trend in countries that saw an increased number of malaria cases between 2000 and 2010 (particularly the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Venezuela).

26-30 Sept. 2011

Strategy & Plan of Action for Malaria in the Americas

2011 – 2015

APPROVED

Moving Forward: Strategic Components and Goals (2011 – 2015)

A. Malaria Prevention, Surveillance, and Early Detection and Containment of Outbreaks– Intensify efforts directed toward malaria prevention, surveillance, early

detection, and outbreak containment in various program contextsB. Integrated Vector Management

– Promote, strengthen, and optimize mechanisms and tools for judicious and cost-effective vector management

C. Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment– Strengthen efforts to achieve universal access to prompt, accurate,

and quality malaria diagnosis, followed by rapid treatment with effective anti-malarial medicines

D. Advocacy, Communications, Partnerships and Collaborations– Foster an environment that promotes sustainability and supports

collaborative efforts and best practices to combat the diseaseE. Health Systems Strengthening, Strategic Planning, Operational Research,

and Country-Level Capacity Building– Optimize efforts to strengthen health systems (including strategic

planning, monitoring and evaluation, operations research, among others) and the countries’ capacity to address their respective malaria challenges both relevantly and adequately


A. Malaria Prevention, Surveillance, Early Detection and Containment of Outbreaks

Linkage to PAHO / WHO Strategic Objectives

SO.02.01 Member States supported through technical cooperation for the prevention of, and treatment, support and care for patients with HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, including innovative approaches for increasing coverage of the interventions among poor people, hard-to-reach and vulnerable populations.

RER Indicator 2.1.3: Number of countries implementing components of the Global Malaria Control Strategy, within the context of the Roll Back Malaria initiative and PAHO's Regional Plan for Malaria in the Americas

SO.02.04 Regional and national surveillance, monitoring and evaluation

systems strengthened and expanded to track progress towards targets and resource allocations for malaria and tuberculosis control; and to determine the impact of control efforts and the evolution of drug resistance

RER Indicator 2.4.3: Number of countries reporting malaria surveillance data disaggregated by sex and age to PAHO

RER Indicator 2.4.6: Number of malaria-endemic countries reporting malaria drug resistance surveillance data to PAHO, as per PAHO/WHO guidelines

SO.02.06 New knowledge, intervention tools and strategies developed, validated, available, and accessible to meet priority needs for the prevention and control of HIV, tuberculosis and malaria, with Latin American and Caribbean countries increasingly involved in this research

RER Indicator 2.6.2: Number of new or improved interventions and implementation strategies for malaria whose effectiveness has been determined and evidence made available to appropriate institutions for policy decisions

Products and Services

1.32 (RER 2.01) MAL-Interventions: Good quality malaria prevention, control and elimination methods strengthened, including vector management

1.34 (RER 2.04) MAL-Surveillance: strengthening surveillance, monitoring and evaluation disaggregated by sex and age (include development of tools and publication of reports)

1.35 (RER 2.04) MAL-Drug resistance: Strengthening DR surveillance systems, monitoring and evaluation disaggregated by sex and age (include development of tools & publication of reports)

1.37 (RER 2.06) MAL-Research agenda on malaria prevention, control and elimination developed and implemented


B. Integrated Vector Management










C. Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment

Linkage to PAHO / WHO Strategic ObjectivesSO.02.01 Member States supported through technical cooperation for

the prevention of, and treatment, support and care for patients with HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, including innovative approaches for increasing coverage of the interventions among poor people, hard-to-reach and vulnerable populations.


SO.02.04 Regional and national surveillance, monitoring and

evaluation systems strengthened and expanded to track progress towards targets and resource allocations for malaria and tuberculosis control; and to determine the impact of control efforts and the evolution of drug resistance

RER Indicator 2.4.6: Number of malaria-endemic countries reporting malaria drug resistance surveillance data to PAHO, as per PAHO/WHO guidelines




1.33 (RER 2.01) MAL-Diagnosis and Treatment: Equitable access to good-quality malaria diagnosis and treatment strengthened

1.35 (RER 2.04) MAL-Drug resistance: Strengthening DR surveillance systems, monitoring and evaluation disaggregated by sex and age (include development of tools & publication of reports)



D. Advocacy, Communications, Partnerships and Collaborations




SO.02.05 Member States supported through technical cooperation to: (a) sustain political commitment and mobilization of resources through advocacy and nurturing of partnerships on HIV, malaria and tuberculosis at country and regional levels; (b) increase the engagement of communities and affected persons to maximize the reach and performance of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria control programs

RER Indicator 2.5.3: Number of countries with functional coordination mechanisms for malaria





1.36 (RER 2.05) MAL-Advocacy, communications, partnerships and resource mobilization



E. Health Systems Strengthening, Strategic Planning, Operational Research, and Country-

Level Capacity Building

Linkage to PAHO /WHO Strategic Objectives









.

Thank You

HSD / CD-Malaria

For more information, please visit:

www.paho.org/malaria (English) www.paho.org/paludismo (Spanish)

http://www.paho.org/malaria

http://www.paho.org/paludismo

malaria in the americas: progress, challenges, strategies and main activities for 2012 -2013 and...

Health & Medicine

malaria cases

malaria situation

total cases rbm

endemic countries

mdg goals

region n

main activities