malignant tumor
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Malignant Tumor
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Classifcation The WHO classifes primary brain tumours
on the basis o cell o origin and histologicalgrade
The common primary brain tumours are : gliomas meningiomas (15 ! per cent o total" pituitary adenomas (1!15 per cent o total" #estibular sch$annomas%
&rade 1 is applied to 'benign lesions &rade ) implies high grade malignancy
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-resentation Most brain tumours $ill present $ith
one or more eature related to theollo$ing triad: raised ./- sei0ures ocal defcit
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Primary Brain Tumours Gliomas (43%) Meningiomas (18%)
Schwannoma (8%) Pituitary tumours (12%) % Craniopharyngiomas ( %) %
!loo" #essel tumours (2%) %
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&liomas These are tumours o glial cell origin% ubtypes :
2strocytomas Oligodendrogliomas 3pendymomas Mi+ed tumours%
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$strocytomas The common est type% They are usually malignant % They can occur any$here in the cerebral
hemispheres, medulla, brainstem %-ea* incidence is in )th decade % They can be difuse, solid or cystic % They contain starshaped cells resembling adult
neuroglial cells%2strocytic gliomas are graded as Grades I, II, III, IVbased on the quantity o adult and primitive cells %
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&rade . /ystic &rade .. 4i use &rade ... 2naplastic &rade .6 Glioblastoma multi orme
.t is high grade aggressi#e type o astrocytoma% .t is treated by surgical remo#al 7 debul*ing8 high
dose radiotherapy, chemotherapy $ith carmustine
inserted into the surgical ca#ity and oraltemo0olomide% Median sur#i#al is 1 months8 9year sur#i#al rate
is 5 or less
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-athological specimen o aglioblastoma multi orme
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/T scan sho$ing astrocytomagrade .6;glioblastoma multi orme%
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M
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re erence =aileys > ?o#e@s -ractice o urgery
A th edition