managing complexity in technology innovation

Design for Innovation (D4I) Process for Strategic Innovation

Dr. Iain Sanders, DirectorDesign for Innovation Ltd.

TAPPING YOUR UNTAPPED POTENTIALDESIGN FOR INNOVATION (D4I)

Continuous Growth for Sustainable Competitive

Advantage1

http://www.designforinnovation.com/

Innovation by DesignTypology of Technological Innovations at the Enterprise Level

Low

HighLow

High

Degreeof

Management

Degree of Leadership andContribution to Competitiveness

Unplanned Improvements

Continuous IncrementalInnovation

Radical Innovation

Strategic AcceleratedSystematic Innovation

2


3

Fastthinking

Fastdecision-making

Fasttomarket

Sustainingspeed

Forecasting & road-mapping

Anticipating

Spotting trends

Brainstorming

Putting every idea through the “grinder”

Letting the best idea win

Setting rules

Getting rid of bureaucracy

Shuffling portfolios

Unpacking proposals

Constantly reassessing

Launching a crusade

Owning competitive advantage

Getting suppliers move fast

Staying beneath the radar

Institutionalizing innovation

Simplicity

Boundarylessness

Self-confidence & growth attitude

Financial flexibility

Business Process Mgmt System

Managing creativity

Staying close to the customer

Adapted from“It’s not be big that eat the small…It’s the fast that eats the slow”, J.Jennings & L.Haughton

Moving With Speed: AgilityOpportunity-driven Business Development

What you don’t know about your What you don’t know about your customers and your business may customers and your business may

be costing you millions! be costing you millions!

For example:

technology,

product &

service

value-creation

For example:

The best

customer

solutions to

maximize your

customers’

profitability

For example:

Your business model is now obsolete, limiting your effectiveness and ability to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage

4© Design for Innovation, 2007-09


Competitive StrategiesSurvival vs. Market Leadership Strategies

Entry ticket to the competition game

SURVIVAL STRATEGYSURVIVAL STRATEGYStaying alive

LEADERSHIP STRATEGYLEADERSHIP STRATEGYTargeting market leadershipTargeting market leadership

Winning and Retaining CustomersWinning and Retaining Customers

Customer Value Low cost/benefit ratio Creating higher customer value

Marketing Strategy Mass marketing Differentiation and positioningCustomer Satisfaction Customer service Customer intimacy

Product Innovation New attributes & Line extensions

New product categories & New brands

Building Your Competitive AdvantageBuilding Your Competitive Advantage

Strategic Growth Focus Building resources Building distinctive capabilities

Innovation Linear SystemicTechnology Innovation Incremental RadicalProcess Innovation Functional improvements Enterprise-wide BPM

Business Innovation Perfecting traditional business model

Creating new adaptable business models

OUR

FOCUS

5


D4I: a Tool for Handling Organized Complexity D4I: a Tool for Handling Organized Complexity

ChaoticChaoticSimplicitySimplicity

ChaoticChaoticComplexityComplexity

Organized Organized SimplicitySimplicity

OrganizedOrganizedComplexityComplexity

Simple Simple DifferentiationDifferentiation

Complex Complex DifferentiationDifferentiation

Integration Integration OrderOrder

Integration Integration ChaosChaos

Relatively simple Relatively simple condition with low condition with low

levels of organization, levels of organization, such as during periods such as during periods of low demand, or the of low demand, or the system is at the point system is at the point of giving up efforts to of giving up efforts to

cope effectivelycope effectively

Innovation & Innovation & experimentation experimentation pursued without pursued without

restraint & restraint & accountability. accountability.

Diversity overload: Diversity overload: resources & focus resources & focus depleted, efforts depleted, efforts

duplicated, errors & duplicated, errors & conflictsconflicts

Dominates when Dominates when forces for control and forces for control and

order prevail at the order prevail at the cost of new ideas and cost of new ideas and approaches – stability approaches – stability attained tends to be attained tends to be

rigid and authoritarianrigid and authoritarianinnovation innovation supports supports

overall systemoverall systemimprovement, sharesimprovement, shares

knowledge & facilitatesknowledge & facilitatesself-correction self-correction

Handles healthy Handles healthy progress through progress through experimentation, experimentation,

learning, & learning, & integration achieved integration achieved

by moving by moving concurrently toward concurrently toward

higher levels of higher levels of complexity & ordercomplexity & order



Design for X (D4X) PhilosophyDesign for X (D4X) Philosophy The Design For X (DfX or D4X) philosophy suggests that a The Design For X (DfX or D4X) philosophy suggests that a

design be continually reviewed from the start to the end to design be continually reviewed from the start to the end to find ways to improve production and other aspects. find ways to improve production and other aspects.

Advantages of these techniques include:Advantages of these techniques include: shorter production times shorter production times fewer production steps fewer production steps smaller parts inventory smaller parts inventory more standardized parts more standardized parts simpler designs that are more likely to be robust simpler designs that are more likely to be robust they can help when expertise is not available, or as a way to they can help when expertise is not available, or as a way to

reexamine traditional designs reexamine traditional designs proven to be very successful over decades of application proven to be very successful over decades of application



Examples of Design for X Examples of Design for X (DfX) Methods and (DfX) Methods and

Corresponding Functional Corresponding Functional Requirements (FRs)Requirements (FRs)

8


INVENTIVE PROBLEMSOLVING (TRIZ)

SYSTEMSENGINEERING

AXIOMATICDESIGN

Introducing a New D4X: Introducing a New D4X: Design for Innovation (D4I)Design for Innovation (D4I)

D4I combines three distinct scientific and D4I combines three distinct scientific and engineering disciplines:engineering disciplines:

Axiomatic DesignAxiomatic DesignSystems EngineeringSystems Engineering Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ)Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ)

WHAT? HOW? HOW WELL? VERIFY



Key Benefits of Key Benefits of Design for Innovation (D4I)Design for Innovation (D4I)

D4I provides integrity of design over the D4I provides integrity of design over the entire product development lifecycleentire product development lifecycle

D4I provides alignment of strategic D4I provides alignment of strategic objectives with tasks executed, and objectives with tasks executed, and outcomes achievedoutcomes achieved

D4I coordinates, prioritizes and integrates D4I coordinates, prioritizes and integrates the “directions of innovation” pursued with the “directions of innovation” pursued with the value creation sought (through their the value creation sought (through their implementation)implementation)



Axiomatic DesignAxiomatic Design - Customer Needs

- Functional Requirements- Design Parameters

- Process Variables - Constraints

D4ID4I TRIZ TRIZ DesignDesign

AppropriateTechnologies

AppropriateSystems

- Available Resources - Scientific Effects - Substance-Field Analysis - System Operators - ISQ - Ideal Vision - Problem Formulation - Innovation Algorithm - Resolve Contradictions - Evolution Patterns

Systems Systems EngineeringEngineering

- Systems Design Hierarchy: Systems, Sub- systems, Components, Sub- components, Parts

D4IIntegrated Design for InnovationIntegrated Design for Innovation

AppropriateSolutions

- System Lifecycle Stages: Needs Analysis, Concept

Exploration, Concept Def.Adv. Dev., Eng. Design, Integration & Eval.

Design for Innovation (D4I)

“Creating New Possibilities for Better Results”

© Design for Innovation, 2007-09 11


Axiomatic DesignAxiomatic Design - Customer Needs






Axiomatic DesignAxiomatic Design Axiomatic design reduces product development Axiomatic design reduces product development

risk, reduces cost and speeds time to market by: risk, reduces cost and speeds time to market by: Formalizing the conceptual design process into a continuous and Formalizing the conceptual design process into a continuous and

measurable activity driven by requirements. measurable activity driven by requirements. Communicating the state of the design to all stakeholders at the Communicating the state of the design to all stakeholders at the

earliest possible moment, well before traditional CAD earliest possible moment, well before traditional CAD documentation. documentation.

Improving quality of design by analyzing and optimizing design Improving quality of design by analyzing and optimizing design architectures. architectures.

Providing explicit traceability from Customer Needs to Requirements Providing explicit traceability from Customer Needs to Requirements to Design Logic to Design. to Design Logic to Design.

Clearly documenting and communicating the logical ‘How and why’ Clearly documenting and communicating the logical ‘How and why’ of a design, not just the ‘What’ of CAD documentation. of a design, not just the ‘What’ of CAD documentation.

Permitting design issues to be identified early and resolved without Permitting design issues to be identified early and resolved without the cost of design-build-test-redesign cycles. the cost of design-build-test-redesign cycles.

Providing project management with the dependency structure of the Providing project management with the dependency structure of the design, enabling optimal scheduling and risk mitigation. design, enabling optimal scheduling and risk mitigation.



Axiomatic Design for InnovationAxiomatic Design for Innovation Design is an interplay between what we want to Design is an interplay between what we want to

achieve and how we want to achieve it.achieve and how we want to achieve it.

What we want to achieve

How we want to achieve it

The definition of design



Axiomatic Design DomainsAxiomatic Design Domains

Customer Needs(CNs)

Functional Requirement

s(FRs)

Design Parameters

(DPs)

Process Variables

(PVs)

CustomerDomain

Functional Domain

PhysicalDomain

ProcessDomain

WHAT? HOW?

Concept DesignPhase

WHAT? HOW?

Product DesignPhase

WHAT? HOW?

Process DesignPhase



ZigzaggingZigzagging

FunctionalDomain

PhysicalDomain

Zig

Zag

FR1Cool Food

DP1Refrigerato

r

FR1-1Temp Range

FR1-2Uniform Temp

DP1-1Temp Sensor

DP1-2Fan System

16



Systems Systems EngineeringEngineering

- Systems Design Hierarchy: Systems, Sub-systems, Components,

Sub-components, Parts

- System Lifecycle Stages:Needs Analysis, Concept Exploration,

Concept Definition, Advanced Development, Engineering Design,

Integration & Evaluation



Process Variables

(PVs)

18

Systems Engineering MethodSystems Engineering Method

CustomerDomain

Functional Domain

PhysicalDomain

ProcessDomain

Axiomatic Design DomainsAxiomatic Design Domains

1. Requirements Analysis

2. FunctionalDefinition

3. PhysicalDefinition

4. DesignValidation

Customer Needs

(CNs)

Functional Requirements

(FRs)

Design Parameters

(DPs)

Process Variables

(PVs)

Objectives

Requirements

Functions

System Model

(To next phase)

(From proceeding phase)

© Design for Innovation, 2007-09

Evolution of System Materialization Evolution of System Materialization through System Life Cyclethrough System Life Cycle

Phase

Level

Needs Analysis

Concept Exploration

Concept Definition

Advanced Development

Engineering Design


System Define operational objectives

Explore concepts

Define selected concept

Validate concept

Test & evaluate

SubsystemVisualize

Define functions

Define config-uration

Validate selected

subsystems

Integrate, test

ComponentVisualize

Select, define

functions

Validate, specify

constructionDesign, test Integrate

Sub-component Visualize

Define functions Design

PartVisualize

Select or adapt

(Focus of principal effort in each phase is shaded)

19


Explanation of Principal Phases of System Life CycleExplanation of Principal Phases of System Life Cycle Needs Analysis

Defines the need for a new system. It addresses the questions: “Is there a valid need for a new system?” and “Is there a practical approach to satisfying such a need?”

Concept Exploration Examines potential system concepts in answering the questions: “What performance is required of the new system to meet the perceived need?” “Is there at least one feasible approach to achieving such performance at an

affordable cost?” Concept Definition

Selects the preferred concept. It answers the question: “What are the key characteristics of a system concept that would achieve the

most beneficial balance between capability, operational life, and cost?” Advanced Development

Primary purpose involves the identification and reduction of development risks. Engineering Design

Detailed engineering design of the system punctuated by formal design reviews Integration & Evaluation

The process of integrating the engineered components of a complex system into functioning whole, and evaluating the system’s operation in a realistic environment.



Systems Engineering / Axiomatic Systems Engineering / Axiomatic Design Method over Life CycleDesign Method over Life Cycle

Phase Phase Activities / Activities / Step

PhasePhaseNeeds Analysis

Concept Exploration

Concept Definition

Advanced Development

Engineering Design


System studies, System studies, Technology Technology assessment, assessment, Operational Operational AnalysisAnalysis

Concept Concept synthesis, synthesis, Feasibility Feasibility experiments, experiments, Requirements Requirements definitiondefinition

Trade-off Trade-off analysis, analysis, Functional Functional architecture, architecture, Subsystem Subsystem definitiondefinition

Risk abatement, Risk abatement, Subsystem Subsystem demonstration, demonstration, Component Component design design requirementsrequirements

Component Component engineering, engineering, Component test, Component test, Reliability Reliability engineeringengineering

System System integration, integration, Prototype test, Prototype test, Operational Operational evaluationevaluation

Requirements Analysis

Analyze Needs

Analyze operational requirements

Analyze performance requirements

Analyze functional requirements

Analyze design requirements

Analyze requirements

Functional Definition

Define system functions

Define subsystem functions

Define component functions

Define sub-component functions

Define part functions

Define functional tests

Physical Definition

Visualize subsystems, technology

Visualize components, architectures

Select components, architectures

Specify component construction

Specify sub-component construction

Specify test equipment

Design Validation

Validate needs, feasibility

Validate performance requirements

Simulate, validate system effectiveness

Test critical subsystems

Validate component construction

Test and evaluate system

21


Design Domains for Various NeedsDesign Domains for Various Needs



Customer Domain (CN = Customer Needs)

The benefit that a customer seeksThe benefit that a customer seeksUsually not subject to re-evaluationUsually not subject to re-evaluationFirst domain to specifyFirst domain to specify



Customer Needs from a Systems from a Systems Engineering Perspective – Engineering Perspective – Requirements

Analysis (Problem Definition)Typical activities include:Typical activities include:

Assembling and organizing all input conditions, Assembling and organizing all input conditions, including requirements, plans, and milestonesincluding requirements, plans, and milestones

Identifying the “whys” of all requirements in terms of Identifying the “whys” of all requirements in terms of operational needs, constraints, environment, or operational needs, constraints, environment, or other higher-level objectivesother higher-level objectives

Clarifying the requirements of what the system must Clarifying the requirements of what the system must do, how well it must do it, and what constraints it do, how well it must do it, and what constraints it must fit.must fit.

Correcting inadequacies and quantifying the Correcting inadequacies and quantifying the requirements wherever possiblerequirements wherever possible



Customer-Product Interaction Tools for identifying:Customer-Product Interaction Tools for identifying:

1.1. Unmet and / or idealized market needsUnmet and / or idealized market needs2.2. Products and services usage and relationshipsProducts and services usage and relationships3.3. Product and service functionalityProduct and service functionality4.4. How to shape your product for the futureHow to shape your product for the future



Tools

/

Pur-pose

Show and Tell

Show and Tell

Start Your Day

Start Your Day

Prune the Product Prune the Product TreeTree

Me and M

y ShadowM

e and My Shadow

Product Box

Product Box

The Apprentice

The Apprentice

Speed Boat

Speed Boat

Buy a Feature

Buy a Feature

20/20 Vision20/20 Vision

Spider Web

Spider Web

Give Them

a Hot Tub

Give Them

a Hot Tub

Rem

ember the Future

Rem

ember the Future

1. Unm

et and / or idealized market

needs.2. Products and services usage &

relationships.

3. Product and service functionality.

4. How

to shape your product for the future.



Functional Domain (FR = Functional Requirements)

Functional requirements of the design Functional requirements of the design solutionsolution

Minimum set of requirements that Minimum set of requirements that completely characterize the design completely characterize the design objectives for a specific needobjectives for a specific need

Should be “solution neutral”Should be “solution neutral” In terms of functions, not solutionsIn terms of functions, not solutions



Functional Requirements from a Systems from a Systems Engineering Perspective – Engineering Perspective – Functional

Definition (Functional Analysis & Allocation)Typical activities include:Typical activities include:

Translating requirements (why) into functions Translating requirements (why) into functions (actions, tasks) that the system must accomplish (actions, tasks) that the system must accomplish (what)(what)

Partitioning (allocating) requirements into functional Partitioning (allocating) requirements into functional building blocksbuilding blocks

Defining interactions among functional elements to Defining interactions among functional elements to lay a basis for their organization into a modular lay a basis for their organization into a modular configurationconfiguration



Class FunctionClass Function Selection CriteriaSelection Criteria Element FunctionElement Function Application (Examples)Application (Examples)

Signal – generate, transmit, distribute, and receive signals used in passive or active sensing and in communication

Significance – each functional element must perform a distinct and significant function, typically involving several elementary functions.

Input Signal TV Camera

Transmit Signal FM Radio Transmitter

Singularity – each functional element should fall largely within the technical scope of a single engineering discipline.

Transduce Signal Radar Antenna

Receive Signal Radio Receiver

Commonality – the function performed by each element can be found in a wide variety of system types.

Process Signal Image Processor

Output Signal TV Tube

Data – analyze, interpret, organize, query, and/or convert information into forms desired by the user or other systems


Input Data Keyboard

Process Data Computer CPU


Control System Operating System

Control Processing Word Processor


Store Data Magnetic Disk

Output Data Printer

Material – provide system structural support or enclosure, or transform the shape, composition, or location of material substances


Support material Airframe

Store material Shipping Container


React material Autoclave

Form material Milling Machine


Join material Welding Machine

Control position Servo Actuator

Energy – provide energy or propulsive power to the system


Generate thrust Turbojet Engine

Generate torque Reciprocating Engine


Generate electricity Solar Cell Array

Control temperature Refrigerator


Control motion Auto Transmission29


Physical Domain(DP = Design Parameters)

Elements of the design solution that are Elements of the design solution that are chosen to satisfy the chosen functional chosen to satisfy the chosen functional requirementsrequirements

Should define in terms of a metricShould define in terms of a metric



Design Parameters from a Systems from a Systems Engineering Perspective – Engineering Perspective – Physical Definition

(Synthesis, Physical Analysis & Allocation)Typical activities include:Typical activities include:

Synthesizing a number of alternative system Synthesizing a number of alternative system components representing a variety of design components representing a variety of design approaches to implementing the required functions, approaches to implementing the required functions, and having the most simple practical interactions and having the most simple practical interactions and interfaces among structural subdivisionsand interfaces among structural subdivisions

Selecting a preferred approach by trading-off a set Selecting a preferred approach by trading-off a set of predefined and prioritized criteria (measures of of predefined and prioritized criteria (measures of effectiveness) to obtain the best “balance” among effectiveness) to obtain the best “balance” among performance, risk, cost, and scheduleperformance, risk, cost, and schedule

Elaborating the design to the necessary level of Elaborating the design to the necessary level of detaildetail 31© Design for Innovation, 2007-09


System Design HierarchySystem Design HierarchySYSTEMS (EXAMPLES)

SUB-SYSTEMS (EXAMPLES)

COMPONENTS (EXAMPLES)

SUB-COMPONENTS (EXAMPLES)

PARTS (EXAMPLES)

COMMUNICA-TION SYSTEMS

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

MATERIAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS

AEROSPACE SYSTEMS

SIGNAL NETWORKS

DATABASES

MATERIAL PREPARATION

ENGINES

SIGNAL DISPLAYS

SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS

TRANSFORMER

DATA DISPLAYS CATHODE RAY TUBES

LED

DATABASE PROGRAMS

LIBRARY UTILITIES

ALGORITHMS

POWER TRANSFER

GEAR TRAINS GEARS

MATERIAL REACTORS

REACTANT VALVES

COUPLINGS

THRUST GENERATORS

ROCKET NOZZLES

SEALS

32


DESIGN ELEMENT CATEGORY DESIGN COMPONENTS (EXAMPLES) (DERIVED FROM) FUNCTIONAL ELEMENT(S)

ELECTRONIC RECEIVER RECEIVE SIGNAL

TRANSMITTER TRANSMIT SIGNAL

DATAPROCESSOR PROCESS DATA

SIGNAL PROCESSOR PROCESS SIGNAL

COMMUNICATION PROCESSORS PROCESS SIGNAL / DATA

SPECIAL ELECTRONIC COMPONENT VARIOUS

ELECTRO-OPTICAL OPTICAL SENSING DEVICE INPUT SIGNAL

OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICE STORE DATA

DISPLAY DEVICE OUTPUT SIGNAL / DATA

HIGH ENERGY OPTICS DEVICE FORM MATERIAL

OPTICAL POWER GENERATOR GENERATE ELECTRICITY

ELECTROMECHANICAL INERTIAL INSTRUMENT INPUT DATA

ELECTRIC GENERATOR GENERATE ELECTRICITY

DATA STORAGE DEVICE STORE DATA

TRANSDUCER TRANSDUCE SIGNAL

DATA INPUT / OUTPUT DEVICE INPUT / OUTPUT DATA

MECHANICAL FRAMEWORK SUPPORT MATERIAL

CONTAINER STORE MATERIAL

MATERIAL PROCESSING MACHINE FORM / JOIN MATERIAL

MATERIAL REACTOR REACT MATERIAL

POWER TRANSFER DEVICE CONTROL MOTION

THERMOMECHANICAL ROTARY ENGINE GENERATE TORQUE

JET ENGINE GENERATE THRUST

HEATING UNIT CONTROL TEMPERATURE

COOLING UNIT CONTROL TEMPERATURE

SPECIAL ENERGY SOURCE GENERATE ELECTRICITY

SOFTWARE OPERATING SYSTEM CONTROL SYSTEM

APPLICATION PROGRAM CONTROL PROCESSING

SUPPORT SOFTWARE CONTROL PROCESSING

FIRMWARE CONTROL SYSTEM 33


Process Domain(PV = Process Variables)

Elements in the process domain that Elements in the process domain that characterize the process that satisfies the characterize the process that satisfies the design parametersdesign parameters


Process Variables from a Systems from a Systems Engineering Perspective – Engineering Perspective – Design Validation

(Verification, Evaluation)Typical activities include:Typical activities include:

Designing models of the system environment Designing models of the system environment (logical, mathematical, simulated, physical) (logical, mathematical, simulated, physical) reflecting all significant aspects of the requirements reflecting all significant aspects of the requirements and constraintsand constraints

Simulating or testing and analyzing system Simulating or testing and analyzing system solution(s) against environmental modelssolution(s) against environmental models

Iterating as necessary to revise the system model Iterating as necessary to revise the system model or environmental models, or to revise system or environmental models, or to revise system requirements if too stringent for a viable solution requirements if too stringent for a viable solution until the design and requirements are fully until the design and requirements are fully compatiblecompatible 35© Design for Innovation, 2007-09

SCIENTIFIC EFFECTS

FIELDEFFECTS

SUBSTANCEEFFECTS

PARAMETEREFFECTS

ABSORBABSORB ACCUMULATEACCUMULATE DETECTDETECT PREVENTPREVENT PRODUCEPRODUCE CHANGECHANGEPHASEPHASE COMBINECOMBINE DESTROYDESTROY FORMFORM MOVEMOVE PRODUCEPRODUCE SEPARATESEPARATE CHANGECHANGE MEASUREMEASURE STABILIZESTABILIZE

Electromagneticradiation, light

Forces, energy& momentum

Impactimpulse

Mechanical &sound waves

Thermalenergy

Vibrations

Electricalenergy


Thermal energy

Deformation

Electromagneticwaves, light


Magnetic field


Electric field


Birefringence

Deformation

Electric current

Electric discharge

Electricfield



Image

Information

Laserradiation

Luminescence

Magnetic fields


Mechanicalforce

Nuclear energy& activity

Temperaturegradient

Thermal energy

Vibrations

Change crystal-line phases

Condensevapours

Evaporateliquids

Freezeliquids

Ionize gases

Melt solids

Other phasechanges

Recombineplasmas

Sublimate solids

Superconduct-ingtransition

Vitrify liquids

Vitrify solids

Assemble solidbodies

Deposit films

Dissolve gases

Dissolve solidparticles

Embed impuri-ties into solids

Mix liquids

Other combinat-ions of substan.

Destroy chem-icalelements

Destroy inorg-aniccompounds

Destroy organiccompounds

Destroy submol-ecularparticles

Kill biologicalorganisms

Bend solidbodies

Compresssubstances

Expandsubstances

Fluidize solidparticles

Rotatesubstances

Translatesubstances

Vibratesubstances

Producealloys

Produce chem-icalelements

Produce submo-lecularparticles

Synthesizeinorganic comp.

Synthesize org-aniccompounds

Removefilms

Remove impuri-ties from solids

Separategases

Separate gasesFrom liquids

Separateliquids

Separatemolecules

Separate othersubstances

Separate solidparticles

Separate solidsfrom liquids

Break solidbodies

Chemicalparameters

Deformationparameters

Electric fieldparameters

EM radiationparameters

Energyparameters

Fluidsparameters

Forceparameters

Geometricparameters

Magnetic fieldparameters

Mech. waveparameters

Momentumparameters

Motionparameters

Plasmaparameters

Processesparameters

Quantityparameters

Radioactivityparameters

Solidsparameters

Thermalparameters

Chemicalparameters


Duration



Energyparameters

Fluidsparameters

Force parameters

Geometricparameters


Motionparameters

Plasmaparameters

Quantityparameters


Solids parameters

Thermalparameters

Chemicalparameters



Fluidsparameters

Geometricparameters

Motionparameters

Plasmaparameters

Thermalparameters

SCIENTIFIC EFFECTS

FIELDEFFECTS

SUBSTANCEEFFECTS

PARAMETEREFFECTS

ABSORBABSORB ACCUMULATEACCUMULATE DETECTDETECT PREVENTPREVENT PRODUCEPRODUCE CHANGECHANGEPHASEPHASE COMBINECOMBINE DESTROYDESTROY FORMFORM MOVEMOVE PRODUCEPRODUCE SEPARATESEPARATE CHANGECHANGE MEASUREMEASURE STABILIZESTABILIZE

Electromagneticradiation, light


Impactimpulse


Thermalenergy

Vibrations

Electricalenergy


Thermal energy

Deformation



Magnetic field


Electric field


Birefringence

Deformation

Electric current

Electric discharge

Electricfield



Image

Information

Laserradiation

Luminescence

Magnetic fields


Mechanicalforce

Nuclear energy& activity

Temperaturegradient

Thermal energy

Vibrations

Change crystal-line phases

Condensevapours

Evaporateliquids

Freezeliquids

Ionize gases

Melt solids

Other phasechanges

Recombineplasmas

Sublimate solids

Superconduct-ingtransition

Vitrify liquids

Vitrify solids

Assemble solidbodies

Deposit films

Dissolve gases

Dissolve solidparticles

Embed impuri-ties into solids

Mix liquids

Other combinat-ions of substan.

Destroy chem-icalelements

Destroy inorg-aniccompounds

Destroy organiccompounds

Destroy submol-ecularparticles

Kill biologicalorganisms

Bend solidbodies

Compresssubstances

Expandsubstances

Fluidize solidparticles

Rotatesubstances

Translatesubstances

Vibratesubstances

Producealloys

Produce chem-icalelements

Produce submo-lecularparticles

Synthesizeinorganic comp.

Synthesize org-aniccompounds

Removefilms

Remove impuri-ties from solids

Separategases

Separate gasesFrom liquids

Separateliquids

Separatemolecules

Separate othersubstances

Separate solidparticles

Separate solidsfrom liquids

Break solidbodies

Chemicalparameters




Energyparameters

Fluidsparameters

Forceparameters

Geometricparameters


Mech. waveparameters

Momentumparameters

Motionparameters

Plasmaparameters

Processesparameters

Quantityparameters


Solidsparameters

Thermalparameters

Chemicalparameters


Duration



Energyparameters

Fluidsparameters

Force parameters

Geometricparameters


Motionparameters

Plasmaparameters

Quantityparameters


Solids parameters

Thermalparameters

Chemicalparameters



Fluidsparameters

Geometricparameters

Motionparameters

Plasmaparameters

Thermalparameters

Examples of Process

Variables36

Constraints (C)Constraints (C) A constraints is a specification of the A constraints is a specification of the

characteristics that the design solution characteristics that the design solution must possess to be acceptable to the must possess to be acceptable to the customercustomer

Constraints can enter any domainConstraints can enter any domain Constraints may be:Constraints may be:

1.1. Predefined – Input Constraints orPredefined – Input Constraints or2.2. Configured – System ConstraintsConfigured – System Constraints


Input Constraints for FRs – Example: Input Constraints for FRs – Example: Design for Environment (DfE) FocusDesign for Environment (DfE) Focus

DfE StrategyDfE Strategy Specific Specific DirectionsDirections



Physical Optimization

Integrate Product Functions New Concept

DevelopmentDematerialization Reduce

Impact During Use

Lower Energy Consumption

Optimize Product Functions

Increase Shared Use Cleaner Energy Sources

Increase Reliability and Durability

Provide a Service Reduce Use of Consumables

Facilitate Easy Maintenance & Repair Optimize

Distribution System

Less / Cleaner / Re-usable Packaging

Cleaner Consumables & Auxiliary Products

Modular Product Structure

Energy-efficient Transport Mode

Reduce Energy & Consumable Waste

Strong User-product Relationship

Energy-efficient Logistics Optimize

End-of-Life System

Reuse of Product

Optimize Material Use

Cleaner Materials Optimize Production Techniques

Alternative Prod-uction Techniques

Design for Disassembly

Renewable Materials Fewer Production Steps

Product Re-manufacturing

Lower “Embodied Energy” Materials

Lower / Cleaner Energy Consumption

Material Recycling

Recycled Materials Less Production Waste

Safer Incineration

Recyclable Materials Fewer / Cleaner Prod-uction Consumables

Reduce Material Usage 38


TRIZ TRIZ DesignDesign

- Available Resources - Scientific Effects

- Substance-Field Analysis- System Operators- ISQ - Ideal Vision

- Problem Formulation-Innovation Algorithm

-Resolve Contradictions- Evolution Patterns



Examples of Benefits from TRIZExamples of Benefits from TRIZNew product development New product development Product enhancement and extension Product enhancement and extension Defect resolution and prevention Defect resolution and prevention Production process improvement Production process improvement Strategic product and technology research Strategic product and technology research Market barrier elimination Market barrier elimination Intellectual property protection Intellectual property protection


OPERATORS

THINKING ANALOGICALLYTHINKING ANALOGICALLYWITH TRIZ (WITHOUT AN EGO)WITH TRIZ (WITHOUT AN EGO)

MY PROBLEM

THE WORLD’S PROBLEMS

THE WORLD’S SOLUTIONS

MY SOLUTION


PATTERNS OF INVENTION


123

56789

n

4

123456789

n

ToCorresponding

Solutions

ManyTypical

Problems

Many TypicalRecommendations

forSolutions

(Knowledge base)

A large number of typical problems are available for consideration.These operators help to narrow the search to a manageable range of typical problemsFor each typical problem, there are one or more potential solutions

Prism ofAnalytical

tools



3,000,000

40,000

Key Findings•Definition of inventive problems•Levels of invention•Patterns of evolution•Patterns of invention

Patents (Worldwide)

TOOLS BASED ON PATTERNS TOOLS BASED ON PATTERNS IN THE PATENT DATABASE IN THE PATENT DATABASE



Why the Ideation Process is Different:Why the Ideation Process is Different: Enhancing Decision Making Process via Accelerating Idea Enhancing Decision Making Process via Accelerating Idea

Generation ProcessGeneration Process

StartingPoint

PracticalDeadline

An EXHAUSTIVESet of Options

ForcedDecision Point

Number of Options

Required to Make a

Reasonable Decision

PossibleOptions

Time

Gradual Accumulation of Practical

Knowledge

ConfidentDecision PointRapid

Development of

Practical Knowledge


Ring Containment Problem Definition Ring Containment Problem Definition –– an Ian I--TRIZ ExampleTRIZ ExampleI-TRIZ Ring Containment ProblemI-TRIZ Ring Containment Problem


Strategic Alignment of Innovation Strategic Alignment of Innovation Priorities with OpportunitiesPriorities with Opportunities

1. Where are we going? (Axiomatic Design)

2. What can we use? (Systems Engineering)

3. How do we use it? (Ideation TRIZ)46


I-TRIZ Problem Formulation Blueprint:

fills in what’s missing, linking

CNs, FRs, DPs & PVs:

1st LevelSystem Hierarchy

DP

CNFRPV



Associations Across Multiple Levels & Domains Associations Across Multiple Levels & Domains Derived for TRIZ Problem FormulationDerived for TRIZ Problem Formulation

FR

FR1 FR2 FR3

FR31 FR32FR11

FR311

FR312

FR3111

FR3112

FR

FR1 FR2 FR3

FR31 FR32FR11

FR311

FR312

FR3111

FR3112

CN

CN1 CN2

CN21 CN22

CN211

CN212

CN213

CN2131

CN2132

CN

CN1 CN2

CN21 CN22

CN211

CN212

CN213

CN2131

CN2132

DP

DP1 DP2 DP3

DP21

DP22

DP11

DP12

DP31

DP211

DP212

DP213

DP221

DP222

DP311

DP121

DP122

DP123

DP111

DP112

DP113

DP114

DP1131

DP1132

DP1221

DP1222

DP2131

DP2132

DP2133

DP

DP1 DP2 DP3

DP21

DP22

DP11

DP12

DP31

DP211

DP212

DP213

DP221

DP222

DP311

DP121

DP122

DP123

DP111

DP112

DP113

DP114

DP1131

DP1132

DP1221

DP1222

DP2131

DP2132

DP2133

PV

PV1 PV2 PV3

PV21

PV22

PV11

PV12

PV31

PV211

PV221

PV121

PV122

PV111

PV112

PV113

PV114

PV4 PV5

PV51

PV52

PV32

PV321

PV322

PV323

PV521

PV522

PV3221

PV3222

PV1141

PV1142

PV1221

PV2111

PV2211

PV

PV1 PV2 PV3

PV21

PV22

PV11

PV12

PV31

PV211

PV221

PV121

PV122

PV111

PV112

PV113

PV114

PV4 PV5

PV51

PV52

PV32

PV321

PV322

PV323

PV521

PV522

PV3221

PV3222

PV1141

PV1142

PV1221

PV2111

PV2211

CN

FR

DP

PV

CN

FR

DP

PV

1ST LEVEL



FR

FR1 FR2 FR3

FR31 FR32FR11

FR311

FR312

FR3111

FR3112

FR

FR1 FR2 FR3

FR31 FR32FR11

FR311

FR312

FR3111

FR3112

CN

CN1 CN2

CN21 CN22

CN211

CN212

CN213

CN2131

CN2132

CN

CN1 CN2

CN21 CN22

CN211

CN212

CN213

CN2131

CN2132

DP

DP1 DP2 DP3

DP21

DP22

DP11

DP12

DP31

DP211

DP212

DP213

DP221

DP222

DP311

DP121

DP122

DP123

DP111

DP112

DP113

DP114

DP1131

DP1132

DP1221

DP1222

DP2131

DP2132

DP2133

DP

DP1 DP2 DP3

DP21

DP22

DP11

DP12

DP31

DP211

DP212

DP213

DP221

DP222

DP311

DP121

DP122

DP123

DP111

DP112

DP113

DP114

DP1131

DP1132

DP1221

DP1222

DP2131

DP2132

DP2133

PV

PV1 PV2 PV3

PV21

PV22

PV11

PV12

PV31

PV211

PV221

PV121

PV122

PV111

PV112

PV113

PV114

PV4 PV5

PV51

PV52

PV32

PV321

PV322

PV323

PV521

PV522

PV3221

PV3222

PV1141

PV1142

PV1221

PV2111

PV2211

PV

PV1 PV2 PV3

PV21

PV22

PV11

PV12

PV31

PV211

PV221

PV121

PV122

PV111

PV112

PV113

PV114

PV4 PV5

PV51

PV52

PV32

PV321

PV322

PV323

PV521

PV522

PV3221

PV3222

PV1141

PV1142

PV1221

PV2111

PV2211CN

FR

DP

PV

DP1

DP2

DP3

PV1

PV2 PV3

PV4

PV5

CN1

CN2 FR3FR2

FR1

CN

FR

DP

PV

DP1

DP2

DP3

PV1

PV2 PV3

PV4

PV5

CN1

CN2 FR3FR2

FR1

2ND LEVEL



FR

FR1 FR2 FR3

FR31 FR32FR11

FR311

FR312

FR3111

FR3112

FR

FR1 FR2 FR3

FR31 FR32FR11

FR311

FR312

FR3111

FR3112

CN

CN1 CN2

CN21 CN22

CN211

CN212

CN213

CN2131

CN2132

CN

CN1 CN2

CN21 CN22

CN211

CN212

CN213

CN2131

CN2132

DP

DP1 DP2 DP3

DP21

DP22

DP11

DP12

DP31

DP211

DP212

DP213

DP221

DP222

DP311

DP121

DP122

DP123

DP111

DP112

DP113

DP114

DP1131

DP1132

DP1221

DP1222

DP2131

DP2132

DP2133

DP

DP1 DP2 DP3

DP21

DP22

DP11

DP12

DP31

DP211

DP212

DP213

DP221

DP222

DP311

DP121

DP122

DP123

DP111

DP112

DP113

DP114

DP1131

DP1132

DP1221

DP1222

DP2131

DP2132

DP2133

PV

PV1 PV2 PV3

PV21

PV22

PV11

PV12

PV31

PV211

PV221

PV121

PV122

PV111

PV112

PV113

PV114

PV4 PV5

PV51

PV52

PV32

PV321

PV322

PV323

PV521

PV522

PV3221

PV3222

PV1141

PV1142

PV1221

PV2111

PV2211

PV

PV1 PV2 PV3

PV21

PV22

PV11

PV12

PV31

PV211

PV221

PV121

PV122

PV111

PV112

PV113

PV114

PV4 PV5

PV51

PV52

PV32

PV321

PV322

PV323

PV521

PV522

PV3221

PV3222

PV1141

PV1142

PV1221

PV2111

PV2211

CN2

FR1

DP1

PV1

CN

FR

DP

PVDP2

DP3

PV2 PV3

PV4

PV5

CN1

FR3FR2

CN21

CN22FR11

FR31FR32

DP11

DP12

DP21DP22

DP31

PV11

PV12

PV21

PV22PV31

PV32

PV51

PV52

CN2

FR1

DP1

PV1

CN

FR

DP

PVDP2

DP3

PV2 PV3

PV4

PV5

CN1

FR3FR2

CN

FR

DP

PVDP2

DP3

PV2 PV3

PV4

PV5

CN1

FR3FR2

CN21

CN22FR11

FR31FR32

DP11

DP12

DP21DP22

DP31

PV11

PV12

PV21

PV22PV31

PV32

PV51

PV52

3RD LEVEL


Axiomatic DesignAxiomatic Design- Customer Needs




- Available Resources - Scientific Effects- Substance-Field Analysis- System Operators

- ISQ - Ideal Vision- Problem Formulation

- Innovation Algorithm - Resolve Contradictions

- Evolution Patterns

EcoDesignTargeting Niche Markets Targeting Niche Markets -- An ExampleAn Example


SustainableSustainableInnovativeInnovativeSolutionsSolutions


AppropriateConstraints

EcoDesignEcoDesign- Low-impact materials

- Reduced material usage- Optimize production process

- Optimize distribution systems - Reduce impact during use- Optimize initial lifetime

- Optimize end-of-lifesystem

Axiomatic DesignAxiomatic Design- Customer Needs




- Available Resources - Scientific Effects- Substance-Field Analysis- System Operators

- ISQ - Ideal Vision- Problem Formulation

- Innovation Algorithm - Resolve Contradictions

- Evolution Patterns

EcoDesignTargeting Niche Markets Targeting Niche Markets -- An ExampleAn Example

















QUESTIONS AND INQUIRIES:Dr. Iain SandersChief Executive Design for Innovation Ltd.

Mobile: +64 273 566 401Email: [email protected]: www.designforinnovation.com

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