managing creativity: oxymoron or necessity?
TRANSCRIPT
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Managing Creativity: Oxymoron or Necessity?
An analysis of social networks for enhancing regional creative output
15.10.2016RSD5 Conference
TORONTO
Sine CelikPhD Researcher
Faculty of Industrial Design EngineeringDelft University of Technology
~Chair of Open Innovation
NHL University of Applied Sciences
JO VAN ENGELENHAN BREZET
PETER JOORELINDA WAUBEN
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FRYSLAN / FRIESLAND
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FRYSLAN / FRIESLAND
• originates from Frisian Kingdom
• for centuries long surrounded by enemies: neighbors & nature
• learned to solve their own problems, but kept them to themselves
• became a part of NL in 1813
• population ca. 646.000
• Frisian is the official language (not a dialect of Dutch)
• strong cultural identity
• main sources of income: agriculture & tourism
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GENERATION Y/Z
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$$$
$
COMPETE
SELL
X: (
$
?
?
(1990)
? ? ?$
A TYPICAL FRISIAN STORY
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$$$
$
COMPETE
SELL
X: (
$
?
?
(1990)
? ? ?
Complex problem
: )
• Many solutions, none can be satisfactory for all actors.• We approach it from the millennial’s perspective.• This potential has to be facilitated by society.
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$$$
$
COMPETE
SELL
X: (
$
?
?
(1990)
? ? ?
: )
• ‘Something’ must be going on to attract/keep the future generations.
conversation, demoscopio, emergence, poliscopy: first step towards innovating, self-sustainable communities, resilience.
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CREATIVE EMERGENCE
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INNOVATION
IT IS THE SOURCE OF INNOVATION
CREATIVE EMERGENCE
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ENCOUNTERS
INNOVATION
ENCOUNTERS TRIGGER CREATIVE EMERGENCE
CREATIVE EMERGENCE
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COMMUNITY ENABLES ENCOUNTERS
COMMUNITY INNOVATION
CREATIVE EMERGENCE
ENCOUNTERS
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ENCOUNTERS
COMMUNITY INNOVATION
CREATIVE EMERGENCE
A DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY?
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ARE FRISIANS SIMPLY LESS CREATIVE OR
COULD THIS BE AN ISSUE OF FACILITATING ENCOUNTERS?
COMMUNITY
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WHY A SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS?: ACKNOWLEDGE THE COMPLEXITY
UNDERSTANDING THE CURRENT SITUATION
ANALYZING ENCOUNTERS
DEFINING WHICH PARTS NEED INVESTMENT
MANIPULATING EXISTING SYSTEM
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SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS FRYSLAN
PRE-STEP: DEFINE RELEVANT RELATIONSHIPS (NETWORKS)
STEP 1: DEFINE NETWORK REPRESENTATIVES (WHO TO INTERVIEW)
STEP 2: CREATE A LIST OF ACTORS (DEFINE ALL NODES)
STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWS (DEFINE NODE SIZES & LINK INTENSITY)
STEP 4: ANALYSIS OF DATA (NETWORK MEASURES)
STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATA (TESTING HYPOTHESIS)
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PRE-STEP: RELEVANT RELATIONSHIPS
Networks are relationships, not groups of actors.
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PRE-STEP: RELEVANT RELATIONSHIPS
Networks are relationships.Same group of actors can form various networks.
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PRE-STEP: RELEVANT RELATIONSHIPS
INNOVATION
OPERATIONALIZATION OF A NOVEL IDEA
MANAGERIAL LINE OF WORK
CREATIVE LINE OF WORK
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OPERATIONALIZATION OF A NOVEL IDEA
MANAGERIAL LINE OF WORK
CREATIVE LINE OF WORK
LINEAROUTPUT ORIENTEDSIMPLIFIED
CYCLIC / ITERATIVEPROCESS ORIENTEDCOMPLEXDISCURSIVE
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OPERATIONALIZATION OF A NOVEL IDEA
MANAGERIAL LINE OF WORK
CREATIVE LINE OF WORK
LINEAROUTPUT ORIENTEDSIMPLIFIED
CYCLIC / ITERATIVEPROCESS ORIENTEDCOMPLEXDISCURSIVE
PARADOXICALRELATIONSHIP
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PRE-STEP: RELEVANT RELATIONSHIPS
INNOVATION
4 DIFFERENT NETWORKS TO BE ANALYZED
POLITICAL RELATIONSHIPS
FRIENDLY RELATIONSHIPS
MANAGERIAL RELATIONSHIPS
CREATIVE RELATIONSHIPS
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GRANDCHILD
STEP 1: DEFINE NETWORK REPRESENTATIVES
GRANDMA
IN A REGULAR SNA YOU ASK
PEOPLE ABOUT THEIR OWN RELATIONSHIPS
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GRANDCHILD GRANDMA
MOTHER
STEP 1: DEFINE NETWORK REPRESENTATIVES
IN NETREP METHODYOU ASK
A 3RD PERSON ABOUT TWO OTHER’S RELATIONSHIP
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Innovation lobbyst
FRYSLAN
STEP 1: DEFINE NETWORK REPRESENTATIVES
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Innovation lobbyst
FRYSLAN
STEP 1: DEFINE NETWORK REPRESENTATIVES
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Innovation lobbyst
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STEP 2: CREATE A LIST OF ACTORS
“IF WE ARE TALKING ABOUT ALL ASPECTS OF INNOVATION (DESIGN, MANAGEMENT, RESEARCH, FUNDING) WHO IN THE PROVINCE COULD BE INFLUENTIAL?”
~ 250 NODES
FROM 5 DIFFERENT GROUPS: ACADEMIAGOVERNMENTNGO SMECORPORATES
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STEP 2: CREATE A LIST OF ACTORS
“IF WE ARE TALKING ABOUT ALL ASPECTS OF INNOVATION (DESIGN, MANAGEMENT, RESEARCH, FUNDING) WHO IN THE PROVINCE COULD BE INFLUENTIAL?”
~ 250 NODES
FROM 5 DIFFERENT GROUPS: ACADEMIAGOVERNMENTNGO SMECORPORATES
BOSS OF PHILLIPS
THE MAYOR
THE STUDENT I SHARE MY DESK WITH
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STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWS
• 2 QUESTIONS PER NETWORK, 8 QUESTIONS IN TOTAL
PART 1 OF THE QUESTION:• THEY NEED TO CREATE TOP 10 LISTS FOR EACH QUESTION• 8X10 NAMES PER INTERVIEW
PART 2 OF THE QUESTION:• THEY HAVE TO ASSESS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NAMES THEY GIVE
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STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWS
• 2 QUESTIONS PER NETWORK, 8 QUESTIONS IN TOTAL
PART 1 OF THE QUESTION:• THEY NEED TO CREATE TOP 10 LISTS FOR EACH QUESTION• 8X10 NAMES PER INTERVIEW
PART 2 OF THE QUESTION:• THEY HAVE TO ASSESS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NAMES THEY GIVE
NODE SIZE
THICKNESS
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STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWS
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STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWSMANAGERIAL: funding, deadlines, outputs, reporting
- TO BE INVOLVED IN A START-UP- SOLVING MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
CREATIVE: new ideas, design, science, research
- TO BE INVITED TO A BRAINSTORMING SESSION- SOLVING CREATIVE BLOCKAGES
POLITICAL: lobbying, policy-making, governance, liasion
- BEST LOBBYERS- SOLVING POLICY-RELATED ISSUES
FRIENDSHIP: family, colleagues, love, acquaintance
- MOST TRUSTED- MOST POPULAR
ITERATION: NEGATIVE ISSUES:
- NOT LIKED - MOST ALIENATING
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STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWSMANAGERIAL: funding, deadlines, outputs, reporting
- TO BE INVOLVED IN A START-UP- SOLVING MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
CREATIVE: new ideas, design, science, research
- TO BE INVITED TO A BRAINSTORMING SESSION- SOLVING CREATIVE BLOCKAGES
POLITICAL: lobbying, policy-making, governance, liasion
- BEST LOBBYERS- SOLVING POLICY-RELATED ISSUES
FRIENDSHIP: family, colleagues, love, acquaintance
- MOST TRUSTED- MOST POPULAR
ITERATION: NEGATIVE ISSUES
- NOT LIKED - MOST ALIENATING
POLARITY?
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STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWS
100 RELATIONSHIPS TO BE ASSESSED PER QUESTION X 8 QUESTIONS
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STEP 4: ANALYSIS OF DATA
• 800 RELATIONSHIPS PER INTERVIEWEE • SO FAR 18 NETWORK REPRESENTATIVES INTERVIEWED
- ANALYSIS TYPE 1: BINARY
- ANALYSIS TYPE 2: NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICAL ANALYSIS(WILCOXON SIGNED RANK TEST IN R)
STRUCTURAL HOLES
GATE-KEEPERS
(ON ALL 4 NETWORKS)
FREQUENCY / DENSITY
CENTRALITY
SEGMENTATION
(ON ALL 4 NETWORKS)
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STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATA
MANAGERIALNETWORK
CREATIVENETWORK
POLITICALNETWORK
FRIENDSHIPNETWORK
SYSTEMIC INSIGHTS
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STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATAM Managerial Network Political Network Creative Network Friendship Network
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STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATAc Managerial Network Political Network Creat ive Network Friendship Network
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STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATA
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STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATAF Managerial Network Political Network Creat ive Network Friendship Network
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QUANTIFY IDEAL MANAGERIAL INTERRUPTION
MANAGERIAL LINE OF WORK
CREATIVE LINE OF WORK
LINEAROUTPUT ORIENTEDSIMPLIFIED
CYCLIC / ITERATIVEPROCESS ORIENTEDCOMPLEXDISCURSIVE
PARADOXICALRELATIONSHIP
STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATA
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SCIENCE IS A CREATIVE PROCESS TOO
PRE-STEP: DEFINE RELEVANT RELATIONSHIPS (NETWORKS)
STEP 1: DEFINE NETWORK REPRESENTATIVES (WHO TO TALK TO)
STEP 2: CREATE A LIST OF ACTORS (DEFINE ALL NODES)
STEP 3: RUN INTERVIEWS (DEFINE NODE SIZES & LINK THICKNESS)
STEP 4: ANALYSIS OF DATA (NETWORK MEASURES)
STEP 5: SYNTHESIS OF DATA (TESTING HYPOTHESIS)
TO BE CONTINUED..
ITERATIVE
DISCURSIVE
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UNEVEN DENSITY, HIGH CENTRALITY
FIRST INSIGHTS
• Similar centrality patterns are traceable in all 4 networks.
• Same group of people are dominating all 4 networks.
• A very small portion of the nodes are considered influential. (40%)
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FIRST INSIGHTS
HIGH SEGMENTATION!
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FIRST INSIGHTS
TOO MANY GATEKEEPERS
(if Jeroen quits,these groups
are separated!)
(if Daniel quits,these groups
are separated!)
(if Sharon quits,these groups
are separated!)
(if Tim quits,these groups
are separated!) (if Maartje quits,
these groups are separated!)
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DISCUSSION POINTS
METHODOLOGY:1- CAN A NETWORK ANALYSIS EVER BE OBJECTIVE / SCIENTIFIC?
CONTENT:2- IS DEFINING THE EXACT TIPPING POINT BETWEEN CREATIVE RELATIONSHIPS AND MANAGERIAL RELATIONSHIPS ENOUGH FOR RESOLVING THE PARADOX?
CONTEXT:3- COLLECTIVE MEMORY EXCEEDS INDIVIDUAL MEMORY.