mangalica farm, kozard, hungary visit of the finnish animal breeding association’s team, 28...

Mangalica Mangalica Farm, Farm,

Kozard, Kozard, HungaryHungary Visit of the Finnish Animal Breeding

Association’s Team, 28 October 2003

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary

The Hungarian Mangalica

(Mangalitsa) is an indigenous pig

breed



•Developed in Hungary during the late 19th century and the bred has become popular all accroos the Carparthian basin•Local Hungarian “lowland bastard pigs” were crossed with regional, semi-wild red Sumadia, Salonta and other forest pigs•Kept in free range and forests•Sold to traders and butchers in Hungary, Austria and Germany for salami, ham and lard



•Rapidly expanded throughout Central Europe, in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy •Well adapted to prevailing climatic and feeding conditions (grazing, forage and grain)•During the first half of the 20th century the mangalitsa became a major source of pork meat for famous Hungarian salami and cooking fat for families



•Fast drop of population size in

1950’s •Victim of modernisation•Rapidly replaced by Large White and Landrace breeds •Almost extinct in 1970-1980’s



•Timely Government action - Slow recovery in 1990’s, using breeding stock from Transsylvania and sometimes from Austria•Creation of the Mangalitsa Breeders’Association (based at the Agricultural University, Debrecen)•Development of row-ham export to Spain•New discoveries about NO or LOW cholesterol level in Mangalitsa products


•Late 1990’s: New economic revival of indigenous breeds in Hungary: Mangalitsa pig, Long horn grey cattle•The Mangalitsa has been discovered by Spanish Serrano Ham makers and they invested in breeding and fattening units• Growing interest by farmers and breeders•Gradual expansion of Mangalitsa breeding and production in private farms Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary


•Around year 2000: more and more farmers invested to keep and fatten Mangalitsa, which resulted increased demand for breeding animals•Interest by the Hungarian Meat Industry: exporting frozen hams to Spain•Processing salami, lard, sausage for domestic market•New way of utilisation: AgroTourism - local Mangalitsa products are offered for tourists


Mangalitsa Breed Characteristics

•Fat-type pig, with black nose, hooves and curly hair (also called as woolypig...)•Prolificacy: moderate, av. 6 piglets (range 3-9)•Natural (group) matings (10 sows to 1 boar)•Up to 1.8-2.0 rotation, but we avoid piglets born in hard winter •Full breeding services and heard book kept by the National Mangalica Association under Government and OMMI


Mangalitsa Breed Characteristics

•Permanent breeding and veterinary control•No loss of piglets by diseases in the past 2 years.•Ear marking in 6 days of age•Ear tagging when selling or entering to breeding farm locally•Selection: twice a year•Males castrated in 4-6 weeks of age




•part of the Hungarian cultural and natural heritage•part of the national animal genetic resources base•Three genetic variants:

•Blonde (most frequent, 3000 sows)•Red (probably less than 200 sows)•Swallow-bellied (less than 200 sows

Primagro Mangalitsa Farm

•Blonde Mangalitsa (most preferred)•Established in Kozard in year 2000 with 30 breeding sows and 1 boar line (Bacska)•Gradual expansion> today 60-70 sows and 3 boar lines Bacska, Pecs, Puszta)•Target: 100 sows, with 3 lines, subject to market situation


Primagro Mangalitsa Farm•Natural feed (maize, wheat and barley, combined with green fodder•Alfalfa, grass, pumpkin, sugarbeet etc.•No heating in winter, well survive in -30C•Strow bedding•Important: permanent supply of water for drinking and “bathing” in summer



•Natural conditions, fresh air, excercise•Simple protection against rain, wind, strong sunshine•Fence against wild boar, stray dogs and foxes •Diseases protection



•Natural feed (maize, wheat and barley, combined with green fodder•Alfalfa, grass, pumpkin, sugarbeet etc.•No heating in winter, well survive in -30C•Strow bedding•Important: permanent supply of water for drinking and “bathing” in summer


Piglet rearing•All time good strow bedding•Free movement 1 week after birth•planned weaning after 6-8 weeks, subject to weather, space, etc.•Offering green fodder and grain as early as 1-2 weeks of ageMangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary

Rearing•Permanent drinking water supply•Occasional supplement of some non-chemical natural substances•(Humin acids products), occasional macro and micro elements, some time vitamin supplements

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary Photo: Dr.P.Hajas

Fattening•Grain (maize, barley, wheat)•Permanent supply of green fodder, fibre (alfalfa hay in winter)•Minimum slaughter weight 130-140 kg or above: ham and lard must be ready for a tasty product•10-12 months of age


Utilisation•Mangalitsa are slaughtered in villages, mainly for rural tourism guests•Traditional products are sold locally


Utilisation•Most of the Hungarian Mangalitsa are slaughtered in a large meat processing plant and row hams are exported in frozen form to Spain•Traditional pig slaughtering in village households and farms•Some small scale slaughtering and local processing for sausage, smoked meat products and smoked lard

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary Photo: Dr.P.Szabo

Utilisation•Beside unprocessed Mangalitsa ham export to Spain, local ham and salami processing should be re-established in Hungary•In preparation: “Magyar MangaSonka” processing project •Feasibility studies, investors identification•Coordination required among small scale fattening farms

Photo: Dr.P.SzaboMangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary

Mangalica Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Farm, Kozard,

HungaryHungary Contact address: Primagro Bt., Kulterulet 095, H-3053 Kozard,

HungaryE-mail: [email protected] and

[email protected]: +36-32-491-067, +36-30-210-4308

Fax: +36-32-491-076Web: http://www.agroservice.hu/mangalica.htm

Thank youThank you

mangalica farm, kozard, hungary visit of the finnish animal breeding association’s team, 28...

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