mangla dam
TRANSCRIPT
MANGLA DAM
MUHAMMAD NADEEM DAR 13-ARID-2454SAIF-UR-REHMAN 13-ARID-2460ADIL ROSHAN 13-ARID-2436FIDA KHAN 13-ARID-2441ZEESHAN HAIDER 13-ARID-2462KHADIM HUSSAIN 13-ARID-2449
PMAS ARID AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY RAWALPINDIDEPARTMENTS OF: BS(FORESTRY)
WHAT IS DAM?
STRUCTURE BUILT ACROSS A STREAM, RIVER, OR ESTUARY TO RETAIN WATER.
WHY DAMS ARE BUILD
• DAMS ARE BUILT TO PROVIDE WATER FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION, FOR IRRIGATING ARID AND SEMIARID LANDS, OR FOR USE IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES.
• THEY ARE USED TO INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF WATER AVAILABLE FOR GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER.
LARGE DAMS IN PAKISTAN• MANGLA DAM• TARBELA DAM• BASHA DAM• WARSAK DAM• KALABAGH DAM• KHANPUR DAM• GOMAL ZAM DAM
MANGLA DAM ( بند (منگلا
• THE PROJECT WAS DESIGNED AND SUPERVISED BY BINNIE & PARTNERS OF LONDON
• MANGLA DAM COMPLETED IN 1967, IS ONE OF THE MAIN STRUCTURE IN THE INDUS BASIN PROJECT (ANOTHER IS TARBELA DAM)
AN EMBANKMENT DAM IS A MASSIVE ARTIFICIAL DAM. IT IS TYPICALLY CREATED BY THE PLACEMENT AND COMPACTION OF A COMPLEX SEMI-
PLASTIC MOUND OF VARIOUS COMPOSITIONS OF SOIL, SAND, CLAY AND/OR ROCK
• THE FIRST MEGA PROJECT OF PAKISTAN
• MANGLA DAM EMBANKMENT DAM ON THE JHELUM RIVER NEAR JHELUM
• IT IS THE 7TH LARGEST DAM IN THE WORLD
MAP OF MANGLA DAM
THE DAM STRUCTURE
• DAM STRUCTURE ROSE 453 FEET (138 METRES) ABOVE GROUND LEVEL
• WAS ABOUT 10,300 FEET (3,140 METRES) WIDE AT ITS CREST
• AND HAD A VOLUME OF 85.5 MILLION CUBIC YARDS (65.4 MILLION CUBIC METRES)
• IT HAS THREE SMALL SUBSIDIARY DAMS
JARI DAM
RESERVOIR
MAXIMUM HEIGHT 274 FT (83.5 M) 304 FT (92.6 M)
CREST LENGTH 14,500 FT (4,420 M) 17,000 FT (5.34 M)
THERE ARE THREE SUB DAMS IN MANGLA DAM
SUKIAN DYKE
MAXIMUM HEIGHT 144 FT (43.9 M) 174 FT (53.0 M)
CREST LENGTH 16,900 FT (5,150 M) 17,500 FT (5,340 M)
KAKRA DAM
MAXIMUM HEIGHT 120 FT (37 M) 150 FT ((46 M)
CREST LENGTH 1,900 FT (580 M) 2,000 FT (610 M)
CATCHMENT AREAS
KASHI RIVER POONCH RIVER JHELUM RIVER
IMPROVEMENTS
IT HAD AN INITIAL INSTALLED POWER CAPACITY OF AT LEAST 600 MEGAWATTS, WHICH WAS INCREASED TO 1,000 MEGAWATTS IN THE MID-1990S.
ALTHOUGH ITS IMPOUNDED RESERVOIR ORIGINALLY HAD A GROSS CAPACITY OF ABOUT 5.9 MILLION ACRE-FEET (ABOUT 7.3 BILLION CUBIC METRES), THE AMOUNT OF WATER IMPOUNDED GRADUALLY DIMINISHED BECAUSE OF SILTING.
A FIVE-YEAR PROJECT, COMPLETED IN 2009, RAISED THE HEIGHT OF THE DAM BY 30 FEET (9 METRES), RAISING ITS STORAGE CAPACITY TO SOME 7.4 MILLION ACRE-FEET (9.13 BILLION CUBIC METRES)
DISPLACEMENT & RESETTLEMENT
• THE GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN HAD AGREED TO PAY ROYALTIES TO THE GOVERNMENT OF AJK (AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR) FOR THE USE OF THE WATER AND ELECTRICITY GENERATED BY THE DAM.
• OVER 280 VILLAGES AND THE TOWNS OF MIRPUR AND DADYAL WERE SUBMERGED AND OVER 110,000 PEOPLE WERE DISPLACED FROM THE AREA AS A RESULT OF THE DAM BEING BUILT.
• SOME OF THOSE AFFECTED BY THE DAM WERE GIVEN WORK PERMITS FOR BRITAIN BY THE GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN, AND AS A RESULT, IN MANY CITIES IN THE UK THE MAJORITY OF THE 'PAKISTANI' COMMUNITY ACTUALLY ORIGINATED FROM THE DADYAL-MIRPUR AREA OF AZAD KASHMIR
SOME RECENT PICTURES OF MANGLA DAM
SOME RECENT PICTURES OF MANGLA DAM
POWER CAPACITY 1,000 MEGAWATTS PAKISTAN WATER AND POWER
DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (WAPDA) HAS UNDERTAKEN THE MANGLA DAM REFURBISHMENT PROJECT, WHICH WILL INCREASE THE GENERATION CAPACITY OF THE MANGLA HYDEL POWER STATION FROM 1,000 MEGAWATTS TO 1,310MW
COST CONSTRUCTION COST OF MANGLA DAM:
RS. 15.587 BILLION (US$1.473 BILLION) IN NOVEMBER 2012, UNITED STATES
ANNOUNCED A GRANT OF $150 MILLION FOR THE EXPANSION OF THE MANGLA DAM POWER HOUSE.
UNDER THE PROJECT, $400 MILLION WOULD BE SPENT ON THE MANGLA DAM POWER HOUSE WHICH IS ESTIMATED TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL PRODUCTION FOR THE NEXT 40 YEARS
MAP
MAP VIEW SATELLITE VIEW
GUIDELINE OF MANGLA DAM HEADWORKS THROUGH SATELLITE MAP
LOCATION (MANGLA, AZAD KASHMIR)
FROM CAPITAL TO MANGLA DAM122 KM (2H 23MIN BY CAR)
FROM SEA PORT TO MANGLA DAM1433 KM (20H 41MIN BY CAR)
MANGLA DAM PURPOSE
• POWER GENERATION• IRRIGATION PURPOSE• INCREASING WATER STORAGE CAPACITY• IMPROVED FLOOD MITIGATION
• IMPROVED SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
• TOURISM
• FISHERY
PICTURES DURING CONSTRUCTION
PICTURES DURING CONSTRUCTION
THE END