MannerismMannerismA style that developed in A style that developed in the sixteenth century the sixteenth century ( 1526-1600, after the sack ( 1526-1600, after the sack of Rome )as a reaction to of Rome )as a reaction to the classical rationality and the classical rationality and balanced harmony of the balanced harmony of the High Renaissance; They High Renaissance; They rejected many conventions rejected many conventions of the Renaissance and of the Renaissance and their work could be their work could be characterized by the characterized by the dramatic use of space and dramatic use of space and light, exaggerated colour, light, exaggerated colour, elongation of figures, and elongation of figures, and distortions of perspective, distortions of perspective, scale, proportion.scale, proportion.They were a very individual They were a very individual and expressive group that and expressive group that had a variety of styles.had a variety of styles.

Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck

El Greco (1541- 1614) El Greco (1541- 1614) born Crete, studied Italy moved to born Crete, studied Italy moved to

Spain. His name is Spanish for ‘the Spain. His name is Spanish for ‘the Greek’. Greek’.

influenced by Parmigianiomo (who influenced by Parmigianiomo (who painted Madonna of the Long Neck).painted Madonna of the Long Neck).

The Burial of Count The Burial of Count Orgaz (1586)Orgaz (1586)

Top of Painting:Top of Painting: Eternal Heaven, Christ, Eternal Heaven, Christ, Bottom of Painting:Bottom of Painting: Angels, 16th century Spaniards, Angels, 16th century Spaniards,

Count Orgaz, Greco’s friends, his son Count Orgaz, Greco’s friends, his son on the bottom lefton the bottom left

Uniting feature:Uniting feature: Angel bearing the soul, looks like a Angel bearing the soul, looks like a

doll, priest looking up, Mary looking doll, priest looking up, Mary looking downdown

Known for:Known for: elongated bodies,elongated bodies, strong sense of movement, strong sense of movement, flickering light, flickering light, bright colours (some say acid colours)bright colours (some say acid colours) intense emotion. intense emotion. Technique: consisted of the Technique: consisted of the

application of thick oil paint over a application of thick oil paint over a red ochre gessoed animal-skin canvas. red ochre gessoed animal-skin canvas. The light areas were blocked in white The light areas were blocked in white or gray oil paint. He applied the paint or gray oil paint. He applied the paint in broken short brush strokes which in broken short brush strokes which were almost impressionistic.were almost impressionistic.

Mannerism in El Greco's jarring "acid" color sense, his figures' elongated and tortured anatomy, the irrational perspective and light of his breathless and crowded composition, and obscure and troubling symbolism

Northern RenaissanceNorthern RenaissanceMain differences between the Northern Renaissance and the Main differences between the Northern Renaissance and the

Italian Renaissance:Italian Renaissance:

Northern Northern RenaissanceRenaissance

RealismRealism Attention to detailAttention to detail Everyday life, Everyday life,

everyday objectseveryday objects Symbolism in Symbolism in

everyday objectseveryday objects

Italian RenaissanceItalian Renaissance Idealized beautyIdealized beauty antiquityantiquity

Northern CountriesNorthern Countries These Northern countries were known These Northern countries were known

for certain achievements (strengths) for certain achievements (strengths) during the Renaissance:during the Renaissance:

Low Countries (Belgium, Holland): oil Low Countries (Belgium, Holland): oil paint, allowed them to paint in detailpaint, allowed them to paint in detail

Germany: art centre of EuropeGermany: art centre of Europe France: excelled in architecture during France: excelled in architecture during

this timethis time Spain:Spain: used wealth and privilege to used wealth and privilege to

draw artist to their court.draw artist to their court.

Jan Van Eyck (1390-Jan Van Eyck (1390-1491)1491)The Arnolfini MarriageThe Arnolfini Marriage size- 32” x 23” !!!!! This is not a largesize- 32” x 23” !!!!! This is not a large painting. painting.

Meaning of the following Meaning of the following symbolssymbols::

Raised right hand- FidelityRaised right hand- Fidelity Dog- Fidelity and LoyaltyDog- Fidelity and Loyalty(((the common (the common

canine name Fido originated from the Latin canine name Fido originated from the Latin fido, fido, "to trust"). "to trust").

Ripened peaches- FertilityRipened peaches- Fertility Clogs cast aside- standing on holy Clogs cast aside- standing on holy

groundground St. Margaret on bedpost- saint of St. Margaret on bedpost- saint of

childbirthchildbirth Wisk broom- domestic careWisk broom- domestic care Lit candle- oath of marriage, Lit candle- oath of marriage,

devotion of newlyweds, seeing eye devotion of newlyweds, seeing eye of G-dof G-d

Crystal beads- Virgin MaryCrystal beads- Virgin MaryWhat is written above the mirror:What is written above the mirror: Jan Van Eyck was here in 1434 (he Jan Van Eyck was here in 1434 (he

was a witness of the marriage)was a witness of the marriage)Who is in the mirror?Who is in the mirror? Jan Van Eyck and another witnessJan Van Eyck and another witnessWhat is around the mirror?What is around the mirror? 10 scenes of Christ’s passion10 scenes of Christ’s passion

No she is not pregnant, it was the No she is not pregnant, it was the style of the daystyle of the day

Arnolfini Wedding Arnolfini Wedding

More on this painting:More on this painting:

High realism, unity, meticulous detail, High realism, unity, meticulous detail, realistic light coming from the left.realistic light coming from the left.

When was this painted in relation to other When was this painted in relation to other Italian Renaissance paintings?Italian Renaissance paintings?

1434- Donatello’s David1434- Donatello’s David 60 years before Leonardo’s “Last 60 years before Leonardo’s “Last

Supper”Supper” 100 years before Michelangelo’s “Last 100 years before Michelangelo’s “Last

Judgment”Judgment”

Remember this artist from Remember this artist from earlier in the semester?earlier in the semester?

BOTERO FERNANDO (1932)

He also did his take on this painting.

For the fashion students in For the fashion students in the class other Paintings by the class other Paintings by

the artistthe artist

Rogier der Weyden- Rogier der Weyden- Portrait of Portrait of a lady (1455)a lady (1455)

Compare it to Mona Lisa (Compare it to Mona Lisa (1503-5)1503-5) ? What personality ? What personality do you think she has? What station in life? What’s the do you think she has? What station in life? What’s the feeling of the painting?feeling of the painting?

sharply contrasting outlines of lips and nose, or his emphasis on the slenderness of limbs - idealise sharply contrasting outlines of lips and nose, or his emphasis on the slenderness of limbs - idealise his sitters, lending them a greater sophistication his sitters, lending them a greater sophistication

Hieronymus Bosch Dutch Hieronymus Bosch Dutch (1450-1516) (1450-1516)

Great imaginationGreat imagination World of weird images and puzzling symbolsWorld of weird images and puzzling symbols Packed with people (mostly naked, many things going Packed with people (mostly naked, many things going

on)on)

Left Panel- Garden of Left Panel- Garden of EdenEden

Amid exotic animals, Amid exotic animals, plants and plants and landscape, God is landscape, God is introducing Adam to introducing Adam to EveEve

God’s beautiful God’s beautiful creationcreation

Middle Panel-Garden of Middle Panel-Garden of DelightsDelights

•Fantastic landscape

•Humanities constant search to satisfy its earthly delights with overindulgence and sin

Right Panel- The Right Panel- The Garden of SatanGarden of Satan Bosch version of HellBosch version of Hell Hundreds of figures Hundreds of figures

are being tortured are being tortured while the eggshell while the eggshell human tree trunk of human tree trunk of Satan in the center Satan in the center supervises it allsupervises it all

The overindulgences The overindulgences and sin eventually lead and sin eventually lead people to Hellpeople to Hell

Bosch is very Bosch is very pessimistic, no chance pessimistic, no chance of salvation is shownof salvation is shown

Seven Seven Deadly Sins Deadly Sins and the and the Four Last Four Last Things-Things-1480-1500-1480-1500-decorateddecorated table top for table top for King Phillip II King Phillip II of Spainof Spain

Death

The last Judgement

Hell

Heaven

Radiant all seeing eye of God

GLUTTONY

SLOTH

LUST

VANITY

ANGER

ENVY

AVARICE

Pieter Brugel-1525-1569Pieter Brugel-1525-1569

Painted peasants in their daily activities in ordinary Painted peasants in their daily activities in ordinary landscapeslandscapes

How has Brugel created depth in the return of the Hunters?How has Brugel created depth in the return of the Hunters?

Dürer, Albrecht (b. 1471-Dürer, Albrecht (b. 1471-1528,Germany)1528,Germany)

German painter, printmaker, German painter, printmaker, draughtsman and art theorist, draughtsman and art theorist, generally regarded as the greatest generally regarded as the greatest German Renaissance artist.German Renaissance artist.

Dürer traveled, and found, he says, Dürer traveled, and found, he says, more appreciation abroad than at more appreciation abroad than at home. The Italian influence on his home. The Italian influence on his art was of a particularly Venetian art was of a particularly Venetian strainstrain

He had an arranged marriage, and He had an arranged marriage, and friends considered his wife, Agnes, friends considered his wife, Agnes, to be mean and bad-tempered, to be mean and bad-tempered, though what their real marital though what their real marital relations were, nobody can tell. For relations were, nobody can tell. For all his apparent openness, Dürer is all his apparent openness, Dürer is a reserved man, and perhaps it is a reserved man, and perhaps it is this rather sad reserve that makes this rather sad reserve that makes his work so moving. his work so moving.

Self-Portrait at 26 (1498)Self-Portrait at 26 (1498)

Any similarities to the Mona Lisa Any similarities to the Mona Lisa (painted 1503-5) ?(painted 1503-5) ?

Printmaker- woodcuts and copper engraving- Printmaker- woodcuts and copper engraving- Guttenburg invented the printing press in 1446)Guttenburg invented the printing press in 1446)

St. Michael's St. Michael's fight against the fight against the

dragondragon 1498 (330 kB); 1498 (330 kB); Woodcut, 39.2 x Woodcut, 39.2 x 28.3 cm (15 x 11 28.3 cm (15 x 11

1/8 in) 1/8 in)

The Four The Four Horsemen of the Horsemen of the

ApocalypseApocalypse

1498 ; woodcut1498 ; woodcut

The Knight, The Knight, Death and Death and The Devil The Devil

1514 25x19 1514 25x19 cmcm

Copper Copper

EngravingEngraving

A Young HareA Young Hare 1502 (140 kB); 1502 (140 kB); Watercolor and Watercolor and gouache on gouache on

paperpaper