manual acout web
TRANSCRIPT
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PV Lead-Acid Battery System (AC Out)
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 1
Design Kit
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Contents
Slide #
1. Lead-Acid Battery1.1 Lead-Acid Battery Specification...........................................................................1.2 Discharge Time Characteristics...........................................................................1.3 Charge Time Characteristics................................................................................
2. Solar Cells2.1 Solar Cells Specification......................................................................................2.2 Output Characteristics vs. Incident Solar Radiation.............................................
3. Solar Cell Battery Charger.........................................................................................3.1 Concept of Simulation PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit..............................3.2 PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit..................................................................3.3 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition.........................................3.4 Concept of Simulation PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit + Constant
Current.................................................................................................................3.5 Constant Current PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit......................................3.6 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition + Constant Current..........
4. Simulation PV Lead-Acid Battery System in 24hr.4.1 Concept of Simulation PV Lead-Acid Battery System in 24hr..............................4.2 Short-Circuit Current vs. Time (24hr.)..................................................................4.3 PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit..................................................................4.4 PV-Battery System Simulation Result..................................................................
Simulations index............................................................................................................
345
67891011
121314
15161718-2324
2All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010
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GS YUASA’s Lead-Acid : MSE-100-6
• Nominal Voltage................ 6.0 [Vdc]
• Capacity............................ 100[Ah]@C10, 65[Ah]@C1
• Rated Charge.................... 0.1C10A
• Input Voltage...................... 6.69 [Vdc]
• Charging time..................... 24 [hours] @0.1C10A
1.1 Lead-Acid battery Specification
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0.6C (60A)
0
R31G
0
C110n
0 0
IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+
G1
limit(V(%IN+, %IN-)/1m,0,Idch)GVALUE
Hi
PARAMETERS:Idch = {Rate*CxAh}CxAh = 100Rate = 0.1
U1
MSE-100-6
NS = 1TSCALE = 3600
SOC1 = 1
PLUS
MINUS
1.2 Discharge Time Characteristics
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Battery Model Parameters
NS (number of batteries in unit) = 1 cellC (capacity) = 100[Ah]@C10 SOC1 (initial state of charge) = “1” (100%)TSCALE (time scale) , simulation : real time
1 : 3600s or 1s : 1h
Discharge Rate : 0.1C(10A), 0.25C(25A) , 0.6C(60A), and 1C(100A)
TSCALE=3600 means time Scale (Simulation time :
Real time) is 1:3600
0.1C (10A)
0.25C (25A)
1C (100A)
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1.3 Charge Time Characteristics
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SOC [%]
Battery Model Parameters
NS (number of batteries in series) = 1 cellC (capacity) = 100[Ah]@C10 SOC1 (initial state of charge) = “1” (100%)TSCALE (time scale) , simulation : real time
1 : 3600s or 1s : 1h
Charging Time
Input Voltage = 6.69 VdcInput Current = 10 A @0.1C10
V26.69
PARAMETERS:
Ich = {0.1*CxAh}CxAh = 100
Hi
00
IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+G1
limit(V(%IN+, %IN-)/0.1m,0,Ich)
GVALUE
0
R31G
0
C110n
U1
MSE-100-6
NS = 1TSCALE = 3600
SOC1 = 0
PLUS
MINUS
C10AVbatt [V]
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BP Solar’s photovoltaic module : BP365TS
• Maximum power (Pmax)..............65[W]
• Voltage at Pmax (Vmp)...............8.7[V]
• Current at Pmax (Imp)................7.5[A]
• Short-circuit current (Isc)............8.1[A]
• Open-circuit voltage(Voc)...........11.0[V]
2.1 Solar Cells Specification
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456mm
1513
mm
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2.2 Output Characteristics vs. Incident Solar Radiation
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Parameter, SOL is added as normalized incident radiation,
where SOL=1 for AM1.5 conditions
SOL=1
SOL=0.5
SOL=0.16
SOL=1
SOL=0.5
SOL=0.16
Cur
rent
(A)
Pow
er (W
)
Voltage (V)
BP365TS Output Characteristics vs. Incident Solar Radiation
+
BP365TS
U2BP365TSSOL = 1
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3. Solar Cell Battery Charger
• Solar Cell charges the Lead-Acid Battery (MSE-100-6) with direct connect technique. Choose the solar cell that is able to provide current at charging rate or more with the maximum power voltage (Vmp) nears the battery charging voltage.
• MSE-100-6
– Charging time is approximately 24 hours with charging rate 0.1C or 10A
– Voltage during charging with 0.1C is between 5.93 to 6.69 V
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5.93 V
6.69 V
0.1C or 10A
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3.1 Concept of Simulation PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit
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Lead-Acid Battery
Photovoltaic Module
MSE-100-6 (GS YUASA)DC6.0V 100[Ah]@C10, 65[Ah]@C1
Short circuit current ISCdepends on condition: SOL
Over Voltage Protection Circuit
6.84V Clamp Circuit
BP 365TS (BP Solar) × 3panelsVmp(system)=Vmp(panel)=8.7VImp=22.5A (7.5A×3)Pmax=195W (65W × 3)
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3.2 PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit
• Input value between 0-1 in the “PARAMETERS: sol = ” to set the normalized incident radiation, where SOL=1 for AM1.5 conditions.
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 10
Hi
0
0
C11n
pvpv
pv
+
BP365TS
U4BP365TSSOL = {sol}
PARAMETERS:sol = 1
0
pv
0
+
BP365TS
U2BP365TSSOL = {sol}
pv
+
BP365TS
U3BP365TSSOL = {sol}
U1MSE-100-6
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 0
PLU
S
MIN
US
0
DMOD
D1
Voch6.84Vdc
0
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3.3 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition
• Simulation result shows the charging time for sol = 1, 0.5, and 0.16.
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 11
sol = 1.00 sol = 0.50sol = 0.16
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3.4 Concept of Simulation PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit + Constant Current
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 12
Lead-Acid Battery
Photovoltaic Module
Over Voltage Protection Circuit
6.84V Clamp Circuit
MSE-100-6 (GS YUASA)DC6.0V 100[Ah]@C10, 65[Ah]@C1
Constant Current Control Circuit
Icharge=0.1C (10A)
Short circuit current ISCdepends on condition: SOL
BP 365TS (BP Solar) × 3panelsVmp(system)=Vmp(panel)=8.7VImp=22.5A (7.5A×3)Pmax=195W (65W × 3)
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DMODD1
Voch6.84Vdc
0
0
0
C11n
IC = 6
pv
pv
+
BP365TS
U4BP365TSSOL = {sol}
0
PARAMETERS:sol = 1
0
pv
+
BP365TS
U2BP365TSSOL = {sol}
pv
+
BP365TS
U3BP365TSSOL = {sol}
0
pv Hi
PARAMETERS:
Ich = {0.1*CxAh}CxAh = 100
IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+
G1
limit(V(%IN+, %IN-)/0.1m,0,Ich)GVALUE
U1MSE-100-6
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 0
PLU
S
MIN
US
3.5 Constant Current PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit
• Input the battery capacity (Ah) and charging current rate (e.g. 0.1*CxAh) in the “PARAMETERS: CxAh = 100 and rate = 0.1 ” to set the charging current.
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Vmp(system)=Vmp(panel)=8.7VImp=22.5APmax=195W
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3.6 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition(Constant Current)
• Simulation result shows the charging time for sol = 1, 0.5, and 0.16. If PV can generate current more than the constant charge rate (0.1), battery can be fully charged in about 9.364 hour.
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 14
sol = 1.00 sol = 0.50sol = 0.16
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4.1 Concept of Simulation PV Lead-Acid Battery System in 24hr.
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 15
Lead-Acid Battery
Photovoltaic Module
Over Voltage Protection Circuit
6.84V Clamp Circuit
MSE-100-6 (GS YUASA)DC6.0V 100[Ah]@C10, 65[Ah]@C1
Inverter (DC/AC)
Vopen= (5.72V)Vclose= (6.35V)
The model contains 24hr. solar power data (example).
Load
VIN=4.5~9.0VVOUT=100Vac, 50Hz
PLOAD = 60W
Low-Voltage Shutdown Circuit
BP 365TS (BP Solar) × 3panelsVmp(system)=Vmp(panel)=8.7VImp=22.5A (7.5A×3)Pmax=195W (65W × 3)
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4.2 Short-Circuit Current vs. Time (24hr.)
• Short-circuit current vs. time characteristics of photovoltaic module BP365TS for 24hours as the solar power profile (example) is included to the model.
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 16
The model contains 24hr. solar power data
(example).
BP365TS_24H_TS3600
pv
pv
+
BP365TS
U4
00
pv
+
BP365TS
U2
pv
+
BP365TS
U3
0
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Conof f 1100n
PARAMETERS:Pload = 60
OUT
abs(I(out))
EC
Rf ilt
10k Cf ilt8uIC = 0.01
Irms
Inverter (DC/AC)
0
0
Vac1
FREQ = 50VAMPL = 1.414VOFF = 0
0
1VAC
PARAMETERS:n = 1
0
OUT
IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
EVout
IF( V(Irms)>V(Iomax), V(1VAC)*n*limit(V(%IN+, %IN-),7,17)*I(IN)/(V(Irms)+1u), V(1VAC)*100 )
EVALUE
out_ac
IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
ecal_Iomax
n*V(%IN+, %IN-)*I(IN)/100EVALUE
Iomax
0
IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+
G1
Limit( V(%IN+, %IN-)/0.1, 1m, 100*V(Irms)/(n*limit(V(%IN+, %IN-),4.5,9)) )
GVALUE
IN
Rload{100*100/Pload}
C1100n
0
C2100n
Ronof f 1
100dchth
Low-Voltage Shutdown Circuit
DMOD
D1
Voch6.84Vdc
0
0
0
battpv
batt1+-
+
-S2S
VON = 0.7VOFF = 0.3
ROFF = 10MEGRON = 10m
0 IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
E2
IF( V(lctrl) > 0.25 ,Lopen ,Lclose) EVALUE
0
PARAMETERS:Lopen = 5.72
Lclose = 6.35
IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
E1
IF(V(batt1)>V(dchth),5,0)EVALUE
Conof f1nIC = 5
Ronof f100
Lctrl
+ U2BP365TS_24H_TS3600
DMOD
D2
U1MSE-100-6
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 1.0
PLU
S
MIN
US
0
+ U3
0
+ U4
4.3 PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 17
Solar cell model with 24hr. solar
power data.
Lopen value is load shutdown voltage.
Lclose value is load reconnect voltage
SOC1 value is initial State Of Charge of
the battery, is set as 70% of full voltage.
Simulation at 100W load, change Pload from 60(W) to100(W)
60W Load
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4.3.1 Simulation Result (SOC1=100, 60W load)
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PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
SOC1=100%
PV module charge the battery
Charging time
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
Fully charged
• .Options • RELTOL=0.01• ABSTOL=1.0u• ITL4=100
• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.0025s
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4.3.2 Simulation Result (SOC1=70, 60W load)
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 19
SOC1=70%
V=Lopen
V=Lclose
Shutdown Reconnect
Charging time
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
Fully charged
PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options • RELTOL=0.01• ABSTOL=1.0u• ITL4=100
• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.0025s
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4.3.3 Simulation Result (SOC1=30, 60W load)
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SOC1=30%
V=Lopen
V=Lclose
Shutdown Reconnect
Charging time
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
Fully charged
PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options • RELTOL=0.01• ABSTOL=1.0u• ITL4=100
• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.0025s
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4.3.4 Simulation Result (SOC1=10, 60W load)
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 21
SOC1=10%
V=Lclose
ShutdownReconnect
Charging time
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
Fully charged
PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options • RELTOL=0.01• ABSTOL=1.0u• ITL4=100
• C1: IC=5• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.0025s
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4.3.5 Simulation Result (SOC1=100, 100W load)
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 22
V=Lopen V=Lclose
Shutdown Reconnect
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options • RELTOL=0.01• ABSTOL=1.0u• ITL4=100
• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.001s
SOC1=100%
V=Lopen
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4.4 Simulation Result (Example of Conclusion)
The simulation start from midnight(time=0). The system supplies DC load 60W.• If initial SOC is 100%,
– this system will never shutdown.• If initial SOC is 70%,
– this system will shutdown after 6.1308 hours (about 6:08AM.).– system load will reconnect again at 8:50AM (Morning).
• If initial SOC is 30%, – this system will shutdown after 1.4987 hours (about 1:30AM.).– system load will reconnect again at 8:42AM (Morning).
• If initial SOC is 10%, – this system will start shutdown.– this system will reconnect again at 8:59AM (Morning).
• With the PV Panel generated current profile, battery will fully charged in about 8.00 hours.The simulation start from midnight(time=0). The system supplies DC load 100W.• If initial SOC is 100%,
– this system will shutdown after 4.697 hours (about 4:42AM.).– system load will reconnect again at 7:21AM (Morning).– this system will shutdown again at 7:27PM (Night).
• With the PV Panel generated current profile, battery will not fully charged.
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 23
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Simulations index
Simulations Folder name
1. PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit............................................
2. Constant Current PV Lead-Acid Battery Charger Circuit...............
3. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=100, 60W).............
4. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=70, 60W)...............
5. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=30, 60W)...............
6. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=10, 60W)...............
7. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=100, 100W)...........
charge-sol
charge-sol-const
sol_24h_60W_soc100
sol_24h_60W_soc70
sol_24h_60W_soc30
sol_24h_60W_soc10
sol_24h_100W_soc100
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 24