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Manuel A. Roxas-An Overview

Prepared by:DARYLL B. BORJABSN- 3B

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WHO is Manuel Roxas?

• First President of the independent Third Republic of The Philippines

• Fifth President• 1 year, 10 months, 18

days of service

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Congressional Career

HOUSE SPEAKERSHIP

1917 Member of municipal Council of Capiz

1919-1922 Youngest Governor of Capiz; Elected as President of National League of Governors

1922 Elected to the Philippine House of Representatives;Speaker of the House (12 years)

1934-1935 Member of Constitutional Convention;Secretary of Finance;Chairman of the National Economic Council;Chairman of National Development Company;Brigadier General in the USAFFE;Guerilla Leader

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Congressional Career

1941 Senate President

1945 Congress of the Philippines was convened

1946 Philippine National Elections of 1946;He ran for President as the nominee of Liberal Party using the Nacionalista Party

July 4, 1946 Philippine Independence from US;First President of new Republic

SENATE

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Last President of the Commonwealth

June 3, 1946 First State of the Nation Address

June 21 Urged the acceptance of two important laws passed by Congress of US on April 30,1946 to the Philippine lands

May 28, 1946 – July 4, 1946

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First President of the 3rd Republic

DOMESTIC POLICIES

• July 4, 1946 – 3rd Republic of the Philippines was inaugurated

A. Economy- proposed establishment of the Philippine Rehabilitation Finance Corporation- Central Bank of the Philippines- Sugar Industry

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First President of the 3rd Republic

DOMESTIC POLICIES

B. Agrarian Reform• 1946 – proclaimed the Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933

- Republic Act # 1946/ Tenant ActC. Amnesty Proclamation• January 28, 1948 – Granted full amnesty to all so-called

Philippine CollaborationD. HUKS Outlawed• March 6, 1948 – proclamation outlawing HUK’s Movement

was issued.

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First President of the 3rd Republic

FOREIGN POLICIES

A. Treaty of General Relations• August 5, 1946 – Congress of the Philippines ratified the

TREATY OF GENERAL RELATIONS• United States Military Bases – he was forced to concede

military bases trade restriction for the Philippine Citizens and special privileges for US property owner/investor

B. Parity Rights Amendment• March 11, 1947 – the Filipino people, heeding Roxas'

persuasive harangue, ratified in a nationwide plebiscite the “Parity Amendment" to the 1935 Constitution, granting United States citizens the right to dispose and utilize of Philippine natural resources, or through parity rights.

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First President of the 3rd Republic

CONTROVERSIES

Two Failures of the Administration:

• Failure to curb graft and corruption in the government• Failure to check and stop the communist Hukbalahap

movement

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Manuel Roxas

DEATH

“If war should come, I am certain of one thing–probably the only thing of which I can be

certain–and it is this: That America and the Philippines will be found on the same side, and American and Filipino soldiers will again fight

side by side in the same trenches or in the air or at sea in the defense of justice, freedom and

other principles which we both loved and cherished.”

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Manuel Roxas

DEATH

After the speech, he felt dizzy and was brought to the residence of Major General E. L. Eubank, where he died that same night.

On April 17, 1948, two days after Roxas’ death, Vice-President Elpidio Quirino took the oath of office as President of the Philippines.

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Manuel Roxas

JANUARY 1, 1892 - APRIL 14, 1948