mapping avalanche risk using gis technique in ceahlau national park

8/14/2019 Mapping Avalanche Risk Using GIS Technique in Ceahlau National Park

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Mapping avalanche risk using GIS technique in Ceahlu Mountain

A. Covsnianu, I.R. Grigora, L.E. State, S. Hoga


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1. Introduction

2. Study area

3. Purpose of the paper

4. Methodology5. Progress of work

6. Results

7. Applications

8. Problems occured and future abordation



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Avalanche =The sudden fall or slide of a large mass of material down

the side of a mountain. Avalanches may contain snow, ice, rock, soil, ora mixture of these materials. Avalanches can be triggered by changes intemperature, by sound vibrations, or by vibrations in the earth itself.

Source:http://www.thefreedictionary.com


ConceptConcept

Statistics

- A 35 years statistics for Swiss Alps gives a medium value of 75 human/year covered byavalanches, from which 35/year are recorded dead.

- In French Alps a 28 years statistic presents a medium value of 100 persons/yearinvolved in avalanche, with a black statistic of 30 death/year. Black years were1969/1970, 1980/1981 and 2005/2006 with 55-57 victims.

-Romania also has his history of lost lives in avalanches: Blea tragedy in 1977, 17th ofApril (23 skyers dead, most of them young ones); Guti - small avalanche in 2004february 22 (3 dead); the 2003-2004 winter was calamitous: 8 skyers and mountaineers

dead until february 24.Past backgroundPast background in Romaniain Romania

PhD thesis of Mariei MotoiuPhD thesis of Mariei Motoiu Dinu Mititeanu articles and publications about avalancheDinu Mititeanu articles and publications about avalanche Mircea Voiculescu practical and theoretical materialsMircea Voiculescu practical and theoretical materials Bogdan Mihai si Ionut Sandric Digital mapping of avalanche riskBogdan Mihai si Ionut Sandric Digital mapping of avalanche risk


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Part of EasternCarpathians beingsituated in the flyscharea (conglomerates,

calcareous rockscentrally disposed in ahighly elevated synclinalstructure- IrinaUngureanu, 2004)

Table lands are mostlywavy with high peaks

which opposes as aspectwith structural surfacesand anticlines. Theversants are cut bydegrees, having verticalwalls (shelfs, brne,fences, karling,

chutes). by I.Bojoi(2000)

Total area of research:84.74 km84.74 km22

Potential area : 31.0531.05kmkm22



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The aim of the study was to map the PotentialRelease Areas of snow avalanches within CeahluMountain.

The idea of this project came after a course fromfaculty. Then we continue our research having behindthe previous signals from media, salvamont service,local community about avalanches in this area.

To evaluate the avalanche risk of those regions

To represents a useful tool for tourism activity andnot only



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Adaptation by J. HERSKOi G. BUGAR 2000

Model updated fromBelianske Tatry Mts.

RAv = (S + Ex + Al + Fx) *RAv = (S + Ex + Al + Fx) *

RgRg

Where,

S= slopeEx= aspect

Al=altitude

Fx=landform

Rg=roughness



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Digital TerrainDigital TerrainModelModel was obtainedfrom digitization oftopographic maps at1:5.000 scale.

The result was amodel with a3mcellresolution.

The accuracy of

the model wasdetermined byTopoto Raster tool fromEsri ArcInfo.


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Slope map.

The slopevalues of more

then 35 degreesarerepresentative forevaluating theavalanche risk.

The lowestvalues of lessthan 15 degreesslope are in thetable land area.


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Aspect mapAspect map

The South, South-Westand South-Eastversants are the mostrepresentativedue to the fact thatthe avalanche risk ishigher in those areas.


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Landforms mapLandforms map

describes theconcavity/convexityof the terrain.

The landform is veryuseful for snow

avalanche riskbecause itdetermines theprobable snowaccumulation areas

or the possible areasof propagation .

The concave areasare mostlyrepresented by the

beds rivers.


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Study area (31 km

2

) wasdivided in 448 cellsCell size = (125*125 m) =

1.5 haEvery cell risk coefficient

was independentlyobtained by entering thespecific parameters of thatarea in the final formula.

A class of values of ROAwas established.

Finally, for each cell weobtained values varyingfrom 0 to 16.5



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The higher probability

of producing a snowavalanche is near

Toaca Peak and closeto Dochia chalet.

Avalanche riskAvalanche risk

classes:classes:0-5 = low risk

(tourism activity notforbidden in winterseason)5-10 = moderate risk(tourism activitypermitted only for

experienced users)10-15 = considerablerisk (tourism activityadmitted undercertain conditions)15-20 = high risk

(restricted undercertain conditions).


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The touristtracks wereobtained byGPS technique- Any of thosethree touristtracks passesthrough areaswith

avalanche risk


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Tourism activityTourism activity a better perception of thearea, more info for tourists, prevention,maybe a future interactive webmap (WEBGIS)giving a better precision for tourists routes

and for the sectors possibly of being afectedManagement of Natural Park CeahluCan be applied in similar mountain areasEducational goal



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Different editions of topographic maps

Lack of GPS data (tourist tracks, avalanche mapping)

Problems occurredProblems occurred::

FutureFuture

abordationabordation:: Taking into account the climatologic data(solar radiation, wind speed and direction,air temperature, snow texture, consistency)

for the future research objective A more detail cell size resolution

Future involvement of the authorities

which governs the National ParkMapping avalanche risk using GIS technique in Ceahlu Mountain

mapping avalanche risk using gis technique in ceahlau national park

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