marc goldchstein vrije universiteit brussel dept. of...
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entrepreneurship in photonics
Marc GoldchsteinVrije Universiteit Brussel
Dept. of Business Economics (BEDR)
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about the authormarc goldchstein– business engineer solvay– research in domain venture capital @ vub
18 year experience in technological entrepreneurship – electronic document management (vub spin-off)– mobile computing network operator – software developer for pdf tools for graphic arts – technologies, vertical markets; strategy, marketing, sales,
management, finance, people managementpresent assignment at vub– project leader technological entrepreneurship– entrepreneurship course– business plans– student enterprizes
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why bother?
entrepreneurship
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the thoughts of chairman schumpeter
capitalism is an evolutionary process; capitalism never can be stationary. the fundamental impulse comes from the new consumers' goods, the new methods of production or transportation, the new markets, the new forms of industrial organization that capitalist enterprise creates. these incessantly revolutionize the economic structure from within, incessantly destroying the old one, incessantly creating a new one. creative destruction is the essential fact about capitalism. it is what capitalism consists in and what every capitalist concern has got to live in
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the innovation paradoxthe eu lisbon strategy– ‘to make Europe, by 2010, the most competitive and the
most dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world’ ‘
the innovation paradox– ‘we are not innovation poor; we invest substantially in
education, and R&D spending is increasing, yet that investment does not feed through into successful companies, new products and good jobs.’
finnish prime minister Matti Vanhanen on the europeaneconomy
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belgium: the least entrepreneurial country in the world
source: global entrepreneurship monitor 2006
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the most important engineer of the 20th century
william shockley (1910- 1989)‘shockley could look at a problem and solve it faster than anyone, and he solved problems in ways they never imagined.‘inventor of the transistor– at the basis of micro electronics– and therefore ict
nobel prize 1957founder of the first semi-conductor company, in silicon valley
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the sad story of william shockleyshockley started to build a company that would be run "his way". "his way" could generally be summed up as "domineering and increasingly paranoid".arrogant, unwilling to listen, tactless, shockley's innate paranoia finally erupted. eight of his best researchers quit to form their own company, fairchildsemiconductor. – from there on: intel, amd...
shockley watched the wealth and power go to others, including the men he drove from his presence with his pride and churlishness. he died in disgrace, and, except for his loyal wife, quite alone.
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what we can do about it
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cultural support‘in your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice’‘in your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect’‘in your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses. ‘
those with highest score are 4 times more likely to be involved in entrepreneurship than lowest scores
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the entrepreneurial context
respondents that said:– they knew an entrepreneur– saw opportunities– were confident they had the
skills to implement a new business
highest scores are 10 times more likely to be involved in entrepreneurship than lowest scores
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the need for multidisciplinary teams
comparing the 20 fastest growing to the 20 slowest growing high tech startups in flanders
lack of commercial experience/feel in the startup team is almost a predictor for failure
other research shows that sectoral expertise is essential
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
8,0
10,0
12,0
14,0
Top 20 Low 20
average R&D experience
average commercialexperience
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the importance of ‘organic teams’
organic teamsfamily teams
solo-entrepreneur composed teams
73,34% are regular growers
73,34 of all regular growers have an organicteam
100% are non-growers
70% are non growers
50% of all non-growers are solo-entrepreneurs
40% are non-growers
27% of all non-growers have a composed team
40% are non-regular growers, 75% of all non-regular growers have a composed team
instrumentalrelationship
non-instrumental relationship
weak
weak
strong
strong
source: vanaelst, clarysse: entrepreneurial teams and growth
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conclusions(high tech) entrepreneurship is a requirement forlong term health of an economylevel of entrepreneurship in Europe (dramatically) low
lack of confidence in knowledge, skills, experience, opportunitiesneed for organically grown multidisciplinary teamsneed for sectoral expertiseneed for engineers that understand theirlimitations...
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technological entrepreneurshipat the vrije universiteit brussel
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technological entrepreneurshipat the vub
to train ‘business engineers’ in technology and entrepreneurship. to train ‘technological engineers’ in business management and entrepreneurship
focus on technological sectorscross fertilisationfocus on real life practice
strategic partnership with different departments/research groups‘biotope’ for technologicalentrepreneurship
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project partnersdepartment of business economics and strategic management (bedr)partner departments from the technological domains:– photonics: tona, prof. hugo thienpont and team– biotechnology– micro-electronics, telecommunication, informatics– nanotechnology– software
technology transfer interface celpartner companies and organisations
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why at the vub?photonics labs business schoolbiotech labs
nanotech labs
micro electronics labs
software engineering labs
business incubator
tech transfer
swimming pool fitness center
kultuurkaffee
the capital of europe
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ernest solvay
– albert einstein, paul langevin, max planck, ernest rutherford, marie curie, henripoincaré, louis de broglie...
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courses
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the courses
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introduction to business management‘business economics for dummies and engineers’– specifically developed with this target group in mind
objectives– to provide students from non-economic studies with
insights into the most important aspects of the workingsof an enterprize/startup
– such asfinancemarketingstrategyorganisationhuman resources dimension...
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technology courses1 course is mandatory for students business engineeringchoice between– photonics (prof. thienpont)– biotechnology– micro-electronics and ict– nanotechnology, chemistry and materials– ...
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Business economic aspects of photonics
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photonics...whatever uses photons
woeha!
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10 Photonic sectorsProduction technologyOptical measurement & machine visionOptical communicationsMedical technology & life scienceIT: consumer electronics, office automation, printingLightingFlat Panel DisplaysSolar energyDefense photonicsOptical systems & components
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the problem with industry overviews
by the time you graduate the sector may have changed dramatically
it is impossible to go into the necessary depth for all sectors......and by not going deep one misses out on essential elements
will it prepare you for what is awaiting you? will you be able to go out and discover it for yourself? because that is what you will have to do...
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the story of trinean...
Team of 3 persons– Optical engineers who had just finished his PhD
4 years ago : European project with regard to parallel optical interconnects needed valorisation– Team defined a product & went to national business plan contest– Team won top price
Burst of telecom bubble: product was no longer needed, companies not longer interested in funding the team– end of the POI-project
But: thanks to preivous adventure, team was detected by Imec & UG– Kris’ PhD Laser ablation (rapid prototyping technique to produce
micro-optics) came into play – Several directions possible with this core technology – Imec & UG directed team to the biotech-lifesciences path
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business ecosystem canvasses
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canvasses what it is– series of frameworks/charts that helps the entrepreneur
develop an understanding of his market, products, company
– a ‘canvas’ to sketch the company, its SWOTs and strategies
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the industry life cycle
performance
Time
Ferment
Takeoff
Maturity
Disruption
MIT Sloan School of Management Technology Strategy Course 2005 Rebecca Henderson
(adoption)
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handeld deviceperformance envelope
1996
0
2,5
5
7,5
10simplicity
small size
low price
design
connectivity
input via handwriting
marketrequirements
apple newton
palm pilot
palm pilot improvements: •simplicity•size•connectivity•handwriting input
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standards and network effects
Actual (or anticipated) size of the installed base
conventional product
Products with extensive network effects
Products with “threshold” network effects
value to consumer
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component- system value chain
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PDF tiff-it
agfa
postscript
quality control
computer to platecomputer to film
workflow systems,components:
ripping, trapping, imposition
prepress editing
format conversion
page layout
image creation and editing
commercial printingmagazines, newpspapers, leaflets, digital printing
packagingthe prepress
software ecosystemin 1999
native file formats
closed systems
markzware
post script
scitex
adobe photoshop, adobe illustrator
quark xpressadobe
pagemaker
barcographics
adobeacrobat
enfocuspitstop artwork
systems
kodak
creo
heidelberg
enfocusOEM
enfocusOEM
adobepostscript
postscript clones
enfocustailor
datacom vio
digital print
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quality control
computer to platecomputer to film
workflow systems,components:
ripping, trapping, imposition
prepress editing
format conversion
page layout
image creation and editing
commercial printingmagazines, newpspapers, leaflets, digital printing
packagingthe prepress
software ecosystemin 1999
datacom
digital print
PDF tiff-it postscript native file formats
closed systems
post script
enfocuspitstop
enfocusOEM enfocus
tailor
enfocusOEM
growth of pdf is showstarter
markzware
will markzware go pdf? will it use its patent?
will there be important pdf
clones?
vio
will online preflighting take
off? which business model should enfocus use?
adobe photoshop, adobe illustrator
adobepagemaker
adobeacrobat
adobepostscript
adobe: friend and/or foe?
should enfocusdrop postscript
products?enlarge OEM
business
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PR OEM customersenfocus
enfocusvalue chain
softwaredevelopment,
customerservice
funding
sales and marketing
europe
sales and marketing
US
management
Duo Media
HeleneSmith
NationalDistributors
OEM’sEurope
OEM’sUS
resellers
Distributor/reseller
users US
users Europe
Internet
KeyAccounts
resellers
Mail Order
web developer
Venture Capital
employmentmarketBelgium
employmentmarketSiliconValley
Adobe
employmentmarketBelgium
KeyAccounts
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platform
breakthrough
complexity for venture
base
incremental
nextgeneration
radical change
derivative
product support
project complexity
Enfocus 2005
CertifiedPDF.net
PitStop Server
PitStop Professional
PitStop Upgrade
complexity for marketradicalchange
incrementalbase
nextgeneration
licensingto onlinepreflightvendors
OEM licensing
enfocus in internetmarket
entering asianmarket
instant PDF
pay-per-use
model
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applying canvassesduring teaching
– using example cases– using cases from reading material
applying – to e-ink case in class– during assignment
photo voltaicsnew display technologies
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photonics industry case studies
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e-ink: will it finally happen?
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trineanTrinean NV is an instrumentation company established in 2006 and located in the technology park at Zwijnaarde, Belgium. The founders of Trinean are Bert Luyssaert, Kris Naessens and Ronny Bockstaele, three optical engineers with a degree in electrical engineering from the University of Ghent.Trinean develops and sells innovative laboratory instruments, based on a unique multi-channel UV/VIS spectrophotometer and specialized microfluidic chips. The Trinean technology for improved UV/VIS characterisation of small liquid samplescan be used in multiple applications:– general spectrophotometry - Performing full-
spectrum UV/Vis spectrophotometry. – Nucleic Acid Quantification - Determination of
DNA/RNA purity and concentration in the range of 2-3500 ng/ml without dilution.
– ...The Trinean DropSense® will be available in 2008.
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on the road...
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real life experience
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(writing a) business plan mixed groups of business engineers and technological engineers work on business plan– number of students depends on size of the project
many project emanate from partner research departments– this year 4 photonics related projects
organization of ‘project fair’ to performmatchmaking between projects and students
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the co2 laser team
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student enterprisesentrepreneurial talent corporation (etc)– small ‘holding for student enterprises’, founded by the department
of business economics, financed by private partner– operational for more than 20 years, dozens of projects
finances projects of vub students– based on business plan – no personal risk for students– most of the benefits are for the students
teams– an entrepreneurial team of at least 2 students, 3 to 4 students is
recommended, preferably mixed teamsguidance of the student enterprises– by project team– regular feedback to board of directors
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results...‘broader’ studentsinformal contacts between students, across studiesbetter understanding of business opportunities and challenges for a series of spin-off projectstwo business engineering students are about to join research teams, a/o to help prepare startups
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development plans: entrepreneurship in (bio)photonics
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entrepreneurship in photonics4 lifedevelop in depth business expertise on segmentsof biophotonics industrydevelop seminars on entrepreneurship in Biophotonics – definition of needs, detailed description of content – seminars on entrepreneurship in Biophotonics organised
develop entrepreneurial support services toresearchers and SME’s with business projects in Biophotonics– definition of needs– Biophotonics business projects supported
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thank you