maria-paz fernandez education in chile. chile population: –17.2 million government: –democratic...
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Maria-Paz Fernandez
Education in Chile
Chile
• Population:– 17.2 million
• Government:– Democratic Republic– Central government
• GDP Per Capita of $17,200 (US $49,000)
• Ranked 15/136 countries with most unequal family income distribution (US is 42)
Chile
• 15 Regions• 344 communes in
Continental Chile
• Administrative division:
Regions Communes
Chilean Educational System• Three types of schools
– Public– Subsidized– Private
• 2 standardized tests:– PSU (12th grade), University admissions test. Those who score above 450 points can
apply to the best Universities– Simce (2nd, 8th and 10th grades)
• Differences between types of schools
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Average Score by Type of School
PublicSubsidizedPrivate
Aver
age
Scor
e
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Percentage of Students Who Scored Above 450 points
PublicSubsidizedPrivate
Source: DEMRESource: DEMRE
Protests Against the Education System
• Consequences of current educational system– Differences between
types of schools– Differences in access to
high quality education determined by income
– Access to University
• Several factors can determine quality of education
Source: La Tercera
Source: The Clinic
Are there any areas (hotspots) where the government should focus its
attention in public Education?
School Coverage
• Are there areas where more public schools are needed?
• Darkest areas show concentrations of population and schools.
• There appears not to be a coverage problem.
Test Scores
• 2 standardized tests:– PSU (12th grade)– Simce (2nd, 8th and
10th grades)
• Are there any areas where public schools tend to do worse on standardized tests?
• There appears to be no concentration.
• Teachers are evaluated by the government.
• Their skills are classified in one of 4 categories:– Outstanding– Competent (minimum)– Basic– Insufficient
• Are there any areas where schools tend to have more teachers with lower skills?
Teacher Quality
Poverty
• Poverty as an important factor that can lead to lower students’ performance
• Students are measured in 3 priority levels – “Vulnerability”
• Are there any areas where schools tend to have more vulnerable students?
Education Index
• Parents’ education is important factor.
• Are there any areas where people tend to have a lower educational attainment index?
Findings
• The Araucania and Los Rios regions are the educational hotspots
• They should receive more attention from the government because they have the most “vulnerable” schools
Sources• Brandt, Nicola. (2010). Chile: Climbing on Giants´ Shoulders: Better Schools for all Chilean Children.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OCDE).
• ESRI, www.esri.com
• Integrated System of Territorial Information (SIIT), Library of Congress Chile, siit.bcn.cl• National Statistics Institute Chile (INE), www.ine.cl
• La Tercera, www.latercera.com
• Ministry of Education Chile (Mineduc), www.mineduc.gob.cl
• National System of Municipal Information Chile (Sinim), www.sinim.cl/indicadores/busq_serie_var.php
• Suryadarma, Daniel, et al. (2006). Improving Student Performance in Public Primary Schools in Developing Countries. Evidence from Indonesia. World Bank Research Paper.
• The Clinic, www.theclinic.cl
• University of Chile, Department of Education Evaluation, Measurement and Registry (DEMRE), www.demre.cl/estadisticas.htm
• University of Chile, Department of Education Evaluation, Measurement and Registry (DEMRE). (2012). Compendio Estadístico Proceso de Admisión Año Académico 2012. Santiago, University of Chile.
• World Bank, Data Catalog, data.worldbank.org
Models