MarineMarine

BiologyBiologyDr. Craig S. KasperDr. Craig S. Kasper

Jaques Yves Cousteau, 1910-1997Jaques Yves Cousteau, 1910-1997

What is Marine Biology?

§Studying organisms that live in the sea (scientific).

Why study it?

§Beauty, mystery, variety, fortune, glory?

§All may be true, but some reasons are also practical!

IntroductionIntroduction

§ Life may have origins in the sea.Life may have origins in the sea.

§ Ilya Metchnikof (1900) discovered animal Ilya Metchnikof (1900) discovered animal immune system in marine anemones.immune system in marine anemones.

IntroductionIntroduction

§ Seafood!Seafood!

§ Medicine: alginates, vaccines, essential oils, Medicine: alginates, vaccines, essential oils, proteins, etc.proteins, etc.

§ The cure for cancer may very well lie The cure for cancer may very well lie within sharks or other marine life!within sharks or other marine life!

§ Raw materials:Raw materials:• IronIron

• SulferSulfer

• OilOil

• Salt (more later)Salt (more later)

• Etc.Etc.

It’s not It’s not ALLALL good! good!

§ Some marine life destroys, harms, or in Some marine life destroys, harms, or in other ways is detrimental to humans.other ways is detrimental to humans.

However, the converse is also However, the converse is also true…true…

Commercial Diver Repairing Damaged StructureCommercial Diver Repairing Damaged Structure

Portuguese Man-O-WarPortuguese Man-O-War

Who Can Be a Marine Biologist?Who Can Be a Marine Biologist?

§ Anyone!Anyone!

§ It’s really basic scienceIt’s really basic science

applied to the sea, applied to the sea, notnot the the

sea applied to science.sea applied to science.

§ Nearly Nearly ALLALL disciplines are represented in disciplines are represented in Marine Science (Biology)Marine Science (Biology)

§ ArcheaologyArcheaology§ BiologyBiology§ BotanyBotany§ ChemistryChemistry§ GeologyGeology§ IchthyologyIchthyology§ OceanographyOceanography§ PhysiologyPhysiology§ PhysicsPhysics§ SeismologySeismology

§ MedicineMedicine§ WeldingWelding§ DivingDiving§ ResearchResearch§ EducationEducation§ RecreationRecreation

The list goes on and on…The list goes on and on…

History of Marine Biology:History of Marine Biology:

§ Since we discovered the ocean, Since we discovered the ocean, we’ve been marine biologists!we’ve been marine biologists!

§ Pacific Islanders—ocean subsistancePacific Islanders—ocean subsistance

§Greeks—Aristotle (described marine life)Greeks—Aristotle (described marine life)

More history…More history…

§ A.D. 995 L. Eriksson discovered “Vinland”A.D. 995 L. Eriksson discovered “Vinland” (N. America).(N. America).

§ A.D. 1000 Arabs active in E. Africa, S. Asia, etc.A.D. 1000 Arabs active in E. Africa, S. Asia, etc.

§ A.D. 1492 C. Columbus rediscovered New World.A.D. 1492 C. Columbus rediscovered New World.

More history…More history…

§ A.D. 1519 F. Magellan circumnavigatedA.D. 1519 F. Magellan circumnavigated

globe (accurate maps!)globe (accurate maps!)

§ A.D. 1786 J. Cook first scientificA.D. 1786 J. Cook first scientific

observations (naturalist)observations (naturalist)

More history…More history…

§ A.D. 1831 C. Darwin, known forA.D. 1831 C. Darwin, known for

“ “natural selection,” but also described natural selection,” but also described

how atolls are formed!how atolls are formed!

§ A.D. 1838 C. WilkesA.D. 1838 C. Wilkes

Charted 1500 miles of coastline Charted 1500 miles of coastline

Collected 10,000 specimens (2000 new). Collected 10,000 specimens (2000 new).

First effort sponsored by U. S. gov’t!First effort sponsored by U. S. gov’t!WilkesWilkes

§ A.D. 1840 Edward Forbes sea floor dredging (new organisms)A.D. 1840 Edward Forbes sea floor dredging (new organisms)

§

§ Led the way for Led the way for ChallengerChallenger Expedition…laid the foundation for Expedition…laid the foundation for modern marine science.modern marine science.

§ All this science led to the formation of some pretty cool All this science led to the formation of some pretty cool stuff!!!stuff!!!

§ Marine Labs boomed! Marine Labs boomed!

Woods Hole 1888.Woods Hole 1888. Woods Hole, TodayWoods Hole, Today

RV/Thomsas G. Thompson

Alvin

Aquarius Underwater Laboratory, Florida Keys

R/V R/V FLIP (floating instrument platform)FLIP (floating instrument platform)

““Cool pics Dr. K, but what’s this stuff really Cool pics Dr. K, but what’s this stuff really about??”about??”

§ The Scientific Method. The Scientific Method.

§ Deduction vs. InductionDeduction vs. Induction

Next time…Next time…

Read Read

Castro and Castro and HuberHuber

Chapter 2: Chapter 2: The Sea The Sea

FloorFloor

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