Ch. 10

1. With regards to the SOLAS Convention, briefly outline the requirements for deadlights about ships.

ANSWER: 1. Efficient hinged inside deadlight so arranged that they can be easily and effectively closed and secured watertight, shall be fitted to all side scuttles except that abaft one eight of the ship’s length from the forward perpendicular and above the deepest subdivision load line, the deadlight may be portable in passenger accommodation other than that for steerage passengers, unless the

deadlights are required by the International Convention on Load Lines in force to be permanently attached in their proper positions. Such portable deadlight shall be stowed adjacent to the side scuttle they serve. 2. Side scuttles and their deadlights which will not be accessible during navigation shall be closed and secured before the ship leaves port. 3. Side scuttles may be fitted in spaces appropriated alternatively to the carriage of cargo or passengers, but they shall be of such construction as will effectively prevent any person opening them or their deadlights without the consent of the

master. 4. If cargo is such spaces, the side scuttles and their deadlights shall be closed watertight and locked before the cargo is shipped and such closing and locking shall be recorded in such log-book and may be prescribed by the Administration.

2. Describe the arrangements which may be adopted aboard a ship to indicate if a watertight door is not fully closed or secured.

ANSWER: 1.Indicators shall be provided on the navigation bridge for

all shell doors, loading doors, and other closing appliances which, if left open or not properly secured could, in the opinion of the Administration, lead to flooding of a special category space or ro-ro cargo space. The indicator system shall be designed on the fail-safe principle and shall show by visual alarms if the door is not fully closed or if any of the securing arrangements are not in place and fully locked by audible alarms if such door or closing appliance become open or the securing arrangements become unsecured. The indicator panel on the navigation bridge shall be equipped with a mode

selection function “harbor/sea voyage” so arranged that an audible alarm is given on the navigation bridge if the ship leaves harbor with the bow doors, inner doors, stern ramp or any other side shell doors not closed or any closing device not in the correct position. The power supply for the indicator system shall be independent of the power supply for operating and securing the doors. The indicator system, approved by the Administration, which were installed on ship constructed before 1 July 1997 need not be changed. 2. Television surveillance and a water leakage

detection system shall be arranged to provide an indication to the navigation bridge and to the engine control station of any leakage through inner and outer bow doors, stern doors or any other shell doors which could lead to flooding of special category spaces or ro-ro cargo spaces. 3. Special category spaces and ro-ro cargo spaces shall continuously patrolled or monitored by effective means, such as television surveillance, so that any movement of vehicles in adverse weather conditions and unauthorized access by passengers thereto can be detected whilst the ship under way.

3. List the entries which must be made in the log-book regarding the opening and closing of water tight doors and side scuttles.

ANSWER: 1. Hinged doors, portable plates, side scuttles, gangway, cargo and coaling ports and other openings, which are required by the Regulations to be kept closed during navigation, shall be closed before the ship leaves port. The time of closing and the time of opening ( if permissible under the Regulations) shall be recorded in such

log-book as may be prescribed by the Administration. 2. A record of drills and inspections required shall be entered in the log-book with an explicit record of any defects which may be disclosed.

4. Briefly describe the content of the damage control plans for a passenger ship.

ANSWER: There shall be permanently exhibited, for the guidance of the officers in charge of the ship, plans showing clearly for each deck and holds the boundaries of the watertight

compartments, the openings therein with the means of closure and position of any control thereof, and the arrangements for the correction of any list due to flooding. In addition, booklets containing the aforementioned information shall be mke available to the officers of the ship.

5. State the requirements of the closure of cargo loading doors in passenger ships

ANSWER: 1. The following doors, located above all the margin line, shall be closed and locked before the ship proceeds on any voyage and shall remain closed and locked until the ship is its next berth:

I. Cargo loading doors in the shell or the boundaries of superstructures

II. Bow visors fitted in positions as indicated above

III. Cargo loading doors in the collision bulkhead

IV. Weather tight ramps forming an alternative closure to those defined above.

Provided that where a door cannot be opened or closed while the ship is at the berth, such a door may be opened or left open while the ship approaches or draws away from the berth, but only so far as may be necessary to enable the door to be immediately operated. In any case, the inner bow door must be kept closed. 2. Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraphs 1(1) and 1 (5), the Administration may authorize that particular doors can be opened at the discretion of the master, if necessary for the operation of the ship or the embarkation and disembarkation of passengers, when

the ship is at safe anchorage and provided that the safety of the ship is not impaired. 3. The master shall ensure that an effective system if supervision and reporting of the closing and opening of the doors referred to in paragraph 1 is implemented. 4. The master shall ensure, before the ship proceeds on any voyage, that an entry in the log-book, as required in Regulation 25 of the SOLAS Convention, is made of the time of the last closing of the doors specified in paragraph 1 and the time of any opening of particular doors in accordance with paragraph 2

6. Watertight doors in bulkhead dividing cargo between decks spaces must be closed before the voyage commences and must be kept closed during navigation. Describe the circumstances under which the watertight doors may be kept open during a voyage.

ANSWER: 1. All watertight doors shall be kept closed during navigation except that the may be opened during navigation as specified in paragraphs 2,3 and 4. Water tight doors of width

of more than 1.2 metres may only be opened in the circumstances where it is urgent and necessary. Any door which is opened in accordance with this paragraph shall be ready to be immediately closed. 2. A watertight door may be opened during navigation to permit the passage of passengers or crew, or when work in the immediate vicinity of the door necessitates it being opened. The door must be immediately closed when transit through the door is complete or when the task which necessitate it being open is finished. 3. Certain watertight door may be permitted to remain open

during navigation only if considered absolutely necessary; that is, being open is determined essential to the safe and effective operation of the ship’s machinery or to permit passenger normally unrestricted access throughout the passenger area. Such determination shall be made by the Administration only after careful consideration of the impact on the ship operations and survivability. A watertight door permitted to remain thus open shall be clearly indicated in the ship’s stability information and shall always be ready to be immediately closed. 4. Sliding

watertight doors fitted between bunkers and between-decks below the bulkhead deck may sometimes be open at sea for the purpose of trimming coal. The opening and closing of these doors shall be recorded in such lob-book as may be prescribed by the Administration. 5. If the Administration is satisfied that such doors are essential, watertight doors of satisfactory construction maybe fitted in watertight bulkheads dividing cargo between deck spaces. Such doors maybe hinged, rolling or sliding doors but shall not be remotely controlled. They shall be fitted at the highest level

and as far from the shell plating as practicable, but in no case shall the outboard vertical edges be situated at a distance from the shell plating which is less than one fifth of the breadth of the ship, such distance being measured at right angles to the centerline at the level of the deepest subdivision load line.

7. Outline in detail the requirement for damage control for dry cargo ship.

ANSWER: 1. There shall be permanently exhibited or readily

available on the navigation bridge, for the guidance of the officer in charge of the ship, a plan showing clearly for each deck and hold the boundaries of the watertight compartments, the opening therein with the means of closure and position of any controls thereof, and the arrangement for the correction of any list due to flooding. In addition, booklets containing the aforementioned information shall be made available to the officers of the ship. 2. Indicators shall be provided for all sliding doors and for hinged doors in watertight bulkheads. Indicators showing whether the doors are open

or closed shall be given on the navigation bridge. In addition, shell doors and other openings which, in the opinion of the Administration, could lead to major flooding if left open or not properly secured, shall be provided with such indicators. 3. General precautions shall consist of a listing equipment, conditions and operational procedures, considered by the Administration to be necessary to maintain watertight integrity under normal ship operations. 4. Specific precautions shall consist of a listing of elements (i.e. closures, security of cargo, sounding of alarms etc.)

considered by the administration to be vital to the survival of the ship and its crew.

Ch. 11

1. Define the following :

Special Category Space- are those enclosed spaces above or below the bulkhead deck intended for the carriage of motor vehicles with fuel in their tanks for their own propulsion, into and from which such vehicles can be driven and to which passengers have access.

Central Control Station- is a control station in which the following control and indicator functions are centralized:

1. Fixed fire detection and alarm systems

2. Automatic sprinklers, fire detection and alarm systems

3. Fire door indicator panels4. Fire door closure5. Watertight door closure6. Watertight door indicator panels7. Ventilation fan8. General/ fire alarms9. Communication system including

telephones

10. And microphones to public address system

Main vertical zone- are those sections into which the hull, superstructure, and deckhouse are divided by “A” class divisions, the mean length of which on any deck does not in general exceed 40 m.

2. Describe briefly the training required by the fire patrol aboard a passenger ship.

ANSWER: Each member of the fire patrol shall be trained to be familiar with the arrangements of the ship as

well as the location and operation of any equipment he may be called upon to use. Each member of the fire patrol shall be provided with a two-way portable radio.

3. You are the third officer aboard the 40000 GRT passenger ship “Island Queen”. You are given the job of preparing the fire control plan for the ship. Describe the format and the information you would include in the fire control plan for the ship.

ANSWER: In all ships general arrangement plans shall be

permanently exhibited for the guidance of the ship’s officers, showing clearly for each deck the control stations, the various fire sections enclosed by “A” class divisions, the sections enclosed by “B” class division together with particulars of the fire detection and fire alarm systems, the sprinkler installation, the fire-extinguishing appliances, means of access to different compartments, decks, etc. and the ventilating system including particulars of the fan control positions, the position of dampers and identification numbers of the

ventilating fans serving each section. Alternatively, at the discretion of the Administration, the aforementioned details may be set out in a booklet, a copy of which shall be supplied to each officer, and one copy shall at all times be available on board in an accessible position. Plans and booklets shall be kept up to date, any alterations being recorded thereon as soon as practicable. Description in such plans and booklets shall be in the official language of the flag state. If the language is neither English nor French, a translation into one of those languages shall be included. In

addition, instructions concerning the maintenance and operation of all the equipment and installations on board for the fighting and containment of fire shall be kept under one cover, readily available in an accessible position.

4. Outline the activities to be included in a fire drill.

5. Describe the arrangement which may be adopted for summoning the crew aboard a passenger ship.

ANSWER: A special alarm, operated from the navigating bridge or from the fire control station, should be fitted to summon the crew and should be capable of being sounded independently of the alarm to the passenger spaces.

6. Briefly explain what a “Document of Compliance” is as it relates to the SOLAS Convention.

ANSWER: The administration shall provide the ship with an appropriate document as evidence of compliance of construction and equipment with the requirements of the regulations regarding the requirements for ships carrying dangerous goods.

Ch. 12

1. You are the Safety Officer aboard the 35000 GRT passenger ship, “Emerald”. Describe how you would organize the abandon ship drill onboard. Your description should

include format, frequency and activities during the drills.

ANSWER: As far as practicable, be conducted as if there were an actual emergency.Different lifeboat shall, as far as practicable, be lowered in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 3.3.1 and 3.3.5, each lifeboat shall be launched with its assigned operating crew aboard and maneuvered in the water at least once every three months during an abandon ship drill.Each abandon ship drill shall include:

1. Summoning of passengers and crew to muster stations with the alarm required by SOLAS regulation 6.4.2 followed by drill announcement on the public address or other communication system and ensuring that they are made aware of the order to abandon ship.

2. Reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in the muster list.

3. Checking that passenger and crew are suitably dressed

4. Checking that lifejackets are correctly donned.

5. Lowering of at least one lifeboat after any necessary preparation for launching.

6. Starting and operating the lifeboat engine

7. Operation of davits used for launching life rafts.

8. A mock search and rescue of passengers trapped in their staterooms and

9. Instructions in the use of radio life-saving appliances.

10.You are the Safety Officer aboard the container ship “La Luz”. You

are given the job to make up the muster list for the ship. Describe content of the muster list you would make up.

ANSWER:

1. Clear instructions to be followed in the event of an emergency shall be provided for every person on board. In the case of passenger ships these instructions shall be drawn up in the language required by the ship’s flag state and in the English Language.

2. Illustrations and instructions in appropriate languages shall be posted in passenger cabins and be

conspicuously displayed at muster station and other passenger spaces to inform passengers of:

a. their muster station

b. the essential actions they must take in an emergency and

c. the method of donning lifejackets

11.Outline in detail how you would organize the manning of the lifeboats aboard your ship.

ANSWER:

a. There shall be a sufficient number of trained persons on board for mustering and assisting untrained persons.

b. There shall be sufficient number of crew members, who may be deck officers or certificated persons, on board for operating the survival craft and launching arrangements required for abandonment by the total number of persons on board.

c. A deck officer or a certificated person shall be placed in charge of each survival craft to be used. In lifeboats the second –in-command shall also have a list of the lifeboat crew.

d. Every motorized survival craft shall have a person assigned who is capable of operating the engine and carrying out minor adjustments.

12.You are making up the training manuals for the life saving appliances aboard your cargo ship.

a) List in detail the items you would include in the manuals.

ANSWER:

1. Donning of lifejacket, immersion suits and anti-exposure suits as appropriate.

2. Muster at the assigned station.

3. Boarding, launching, and clearing the survival craft and rescue boats, including, where applicable, the use of marine evacuation systems.

4. Methods of launching from within the survival craft.

5. Release from launching appliances.

6. Method and use of devices for protection in launching areas, where appropriate.

7. Illumination in launching areas.8. Use of all survival equipment.9. Use of all detection equipment.

10. With the assistance of illustrations, the use of radio lifesaving appliances.

11. The use of drogues.12. Use of engine and accessories.13. Recovery of survival craft and

rescue boats including stowage and securing.

14. Hazards of exposure and the need for warm clothing.

15. Best use of the survival craft facilities in order to survive.

16. Method of retrieval, including the use of helicopter rescue gear (slings, baskets, stretcher), breaches-buoy

and shore lifesaving apparatus and ship’s line-throwing apparatus.

17. All other functions contained in the muster list and emergency instructions.

18. Instructions for emergency repair of the life-saving appliances

b) Where on board the vessel would you keep the manuals?

ANSWER: A training manual with the requirements of paragraph 3 shall be provided to each crew mess room and recreation room or in each crew cabin.

c) What is the least number of copies of the manual would you makeup.

19. Describe briefly the maintenance you would carry out on the lifeboat falls aboard your ship.

ANSWER:

Ch. 131. Explain what a “Document of

Authorization” is and who issues it.

ANSWER:

A. a document of authorization shall be issued for every ship loaded in accordance with the Regulations of the

IGC either by the Administration or an organization recognized by it or by a Contracting Government on behalf of the Administration. It shall be accepted as evidence that the ship is capable of complying with the requirement of the IGC.

B. The document of authorization shall accompany and refer to the grain loading stability booklet provided to enable the master to meet the requirements of the regulation of the IGC. This booklet shall meet the requirements listed above.

2. Your ship is to load a bulk cargo of corn. Outline briefly how you

would determine if your ship complies with the intact stability requirements after loading the corn.

ANSWER:

A. the intact stability characteristics of any ship carrying bulk grain shall be shown to meet, throughout the voyage, at least the following criteria with regard to heeling moment due to grain shift:

1. The angle of heel (list) due to the shift of grain shall be not greater than 12 degrees except that an Administration giving authorization in accordance with the Regulation of the IGC may require a lesser angle of

list if it considers that experience shows this to be necessary.

2. The initial metacentric height, after correction for the free surface effects of liquids in tanks, shall be not less than 0.30 mB. Before loading bulk grain the

master shall, if so required by the Contracting Government of the country of the port of loading, demonstrate the ability of the ship at all stages of any voyage to comply with the stability criteria required by A

C. After loading, the master shall ensure that the ship be upright before proceeding to sea.

D. The calculation regarding the loading of grains shall be based upon the stability information provided in the International Grain Code (IGC) or upon the requirements of the Administration issuing the document of authorization under the IGC Regulations.

3. List the contents of the grain loading information referred to in the document of authorization.

A. Information which shall be approved by the Administration or by a Contracting Government on behalf of the Administration:

i. Curves or tables of grain heeling moments for every compartment filled or partly filled. Or combination thereof, including the effects of temporary fittings

ii. Tables of maximum permissible heeling moments or other information sufficient to allow the master to demonstrate compliance with the requirements outlined in paragraph 1

iii. Details of the scantlings of any temporary fittings and where applicable the provisions necessary to meet the requirements of the IGC.

iv. Typical loaded service departure and arrival conditions and where necessary intermediate worst service conditions

v. Loading instructions in the form of notes summarizing the requirements of the IGC.

B. Information which shall be acceptable to the Administration or to a Contracting Government on behalf of the Administration:

i. Ship’s particulars

ii. Light ship displacement and the vertical distance from the intersection of the moulded base line and midship section to the centre of gravity (KG)

iii. Table of free surface correctioniv. Capacities and centre of gravity of the

compartments

4. Your ship is to load a cargo of wheat in bulk. List 2 publications which have information on the loading of grain cargo in bulk.

i. International Grain Code (IGC)

ii. Document of Authorization

5. Outline briefly the dangers associated with the transportation of grain cargo in bulk aboard ship and how this danger is addressed in the International Grain Code.

Grain cargo aboard a ship is likely to shift as the ship heels through a sea way. The ship may then assume a dangerous list at sea thus upsetting the stability of the vessel. This represents a danger to the crew and the ship and so

special consideration must be given to the carriage of grain.

The actual movement of grain if it shifts is likely to be complex. As a result of research, a pattern of grain movement which is considered to adequately represent the worst likely shift has been formulated using certain assumptions.

6. You are the Chief Officer aboard the bulk carrier “Amazon Queen”. How would you prove to the authorities at the loading port that the ship is capable of complying with

the requirements for loading rice in bulk?

Provide the following documents: Intact Stability Requirement and Document of Authorization.

Ch. 14

1. Dangerous goods are classified according to the IMDG Code. List the classes of dangerous goods under the Code.

Class 1 – Explosive

Class 2 - Gases: Compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure

Class 3 – Flammable liquids

Class 4.1 – Flammable solid

Class 4.2 – Substance liable to spontaneous combustion

Class 4.3 – Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases

Class 5.1 – Oxidizing substances

Class 5.2 – Organic peroxides

Class 6.1 – Toxic substances

Class 6.2 – Infectious substances

Class 7 – Radioactive materials

Class 8 – Corrosives

Class 9 – Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles, i.e. any other substance which experience has shown,

or may show, to be of such a dangerous character that the provisions of this part shall apply to it.

2. Outline the documentation to accompany the transportation of dangerous goods by sea with specific reference to:

a) The name of the goodsb) The packaging of the goodsc) The manifest for dangerous

goods

3. Briefly outline the stowage requirements for dangerous goods according to the IMDG Code.

I. Dangerous goods shall be loaded, stowed and secured safely and appropriate in accordance with the nature of the goods. Incompatible goods shall be segregated from one another.

II. Explosives (except ammunition) which present a serious risk shall be stowed in a magazine which shall be kept securely closed while at sea. Such explosives shall be segregated from detonators. Electrical apparatus and cables in any compartment in

which explosives are carried shall be so designed and used as to minimize the risk of fire or explosion.

III. Dangerous goods in packaged from which give off dangerous vapors shall be stowed in a mechanically ventilated space or on deck. Dangerous goods in solid from in bulk which give off dangerous vapors shall be stowed in a well ventilated space.

IV. In ships carrying flammable liquids or gases, special precautions shall be taken where necessary against fire or explosion.

V. Substances which are liable to spontaneous heating or combustion

shall not be carried unless adequate precautions have been taken to minimize the likelihood of the outbreak of fire.

4. What are the explosives which may be carried aboard a passenger ship?

I. Explosives in division 1.4 (substance and articles which present no significant hazard) compatibility group S, may be carried in any amount in passenger ships.

II. Explosives articles for life-saving purposes, if the total net explosives

mass of such articles does not exceed 50 Kg per ship.

III. Explosives in compatibility groups C, D and E, if the total net explosives mass does not exceed 10 Kg per ship

IV. Explosives in compatibility group G other than those requiring special stowage, if the total net explosives mass does not exceed 10 Kg per ship.

V. Explosives articles in compatibility group B, if the total net explosives mass does not exceed 5 Kg per ship

VI. Articles in compatibility group N shall only be allowed in passenger ships if the total net explosives mass does not exceed 50 Kg per ship and no

other explosives, apart from division 1.4 compatibility group S, are carried.

5. Define the following:a) The International Gas Carrier

Code – is the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk.

b) Gas Carrier – is a cargo ship constructed or adapted and used for the carriage in bulk of any liquefied gas or other product listed in chapter 19 of the International Gas Carrier Code.

6. A shipping company is contemplating building a chemical tanker. State one publication which has information regarding the design and construction standard for the chemical tanker.

I. International Bulk Chemical Code

Ch. 15

1. With regard to the ISM Code briefly outline the role of the DP.

The responsibility and authority of the DP should include monitoring the safety and pollution prevention aspects of the

operation of each ship and to ensure that adequate resources and shore based support are applied as required. DPs should:

I. Be suitably qualified and experienced in the safety and pollution control aspects of the ship operations and should be conversant with the company’s safety and environmental protection policies.

II. Have the independence and authority to report deficiencies observed to the highest level of management.

III. Have the responsibility for organizing safety audits and ensure that corrective action has been taken.

b) According to the ISM Code your company is to carry out an “internal audit”. Explain what is meant by “internal audit”

Internal Audit -

c) Define the following:I. Document of Compliance (DOC)- is

issued to company following an initial verification of compliance with the requirements of the ISM Code. This is to be done based on the objective

evidence that the company has been operating for at least three months. Renewal of the DoC for a further 5 yrs should include assessment of all elements of the SMS regarding effectiveness in meeting the objectives specified in the ISM Code.

II. Safety Management Certificate (SMC) – is issued to a ship following an initial verification of compliance with the requirement of the ISM Code. This includes verification that the DoC for the company responsible for the operation of the ship is applicable to that particular type of

ship and assessment of the shipboard SMS to verify that it complies with the requirements of the ISM Code. Valid for 5 yrs.

d) What is the period of validity of both certificate and state what is required for them to maintain their validity?

ANSWER : 5 years

2. State the category of vessels for which the ISM Code is Mandatory.

ANSWER: The ISM Code applies to all ships regardless of the date of date of construction as follows:

i. Passenger ships including high-speed craft, as of 1 July 1998;

ii. Oil tankers, chemical tankers, gas carriers, bulk carriers and carriage high speed craft of 500 GT and upwards, as of 1 July 1998

iii. Other cargo ships and mobile offshore drilling units of 500 GT and upwards, as of July 2002

The ISM code does not apply to government-operated ships used for non-commercial purpose.

b) Explain the meaning of the following terms as used in the International Management Code for

Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (ISM Code)

I. Document of ComplianceII. Safety Management Certificate

III. Non-conformityIV. Major non-conformity

a) State the category of vessel which must have an operable shipboard oil pollution emergency plan (SOPEP)

b) Explain the main content of a SOPEP.

4.a) Outline briefly the primary

objectives of the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and Protection of the Marine Environment (ISM code)

ANSWER:

Ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, particularly the marine environment, and to property

Provide for safe practices in ship operation and safe working environment

Establish safeguards against all identified risks

Continuously improve safety management skills of personnel ashore and aboard ships, including preparing for emergencies related to safety and environment protection.

b) With regards to the ISM Code, state who provides a direct link between the company and the ship and describe the primary function of this person(s)

ANSWER: DESIGNATED PERSON (DP)

The responsibility and authority of the DP should include monitoring the safety and pollution prevention aspects of the operation of each ship and to ensure that adequate resources and shore based support are applied as required. DPs should:

I. Be suitably qualified and experienced in the safety and pollution control aspects of the ship operations and should be conversant with the company’s safety and environmental protection policies.

II. Have the independence and authority to report deficiencies observed to the highest level of management.

III. Have the responsibility for organizing safety audits and ensure that corrective action has been taken.

c) Explain the purpose of the ship’s Safety Manual (SMS).

This is issued to a ship following an initial verification of compliance with the requirement of the ISM Code. This includes verification that the DoC for the company responsible for the operation of the ship is applicable to that particular type of ship and assessment of the shipboard SMS to verify that it complies with the

requirements of the ISM Code. Valid for 5 yrs.

d) Outline three (3) safety management objectives that should be observed by a company.

a) Ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, particularly the marine environment, and to property

b) Provide for safe practices in ship operation and safe working environment

c) Establish safeguards against all identified risks

d) Continuously improve safety management skills of personnel ashore and aboard ships, including preparing for emergencies related to safety and environment protection.

5. With regards to the ISM Code, explain the following as it relates to a Document of Compliance:

a) What is a Document of Compliance

b) Who it is issued to?c) What is its length of validity?

6. What are the advantages of having a SMS aboard a ship?

i. Reduction in the occurrence of accidents.

ii. Improved safety consciousness.iii. Established a safety culture and

encourages continuous improvement in safety and environment protection.

iv. Improves company morale.v. Improved efficiency and productivity

reducing costs.vi. Favorable insurance premiums

relative to the market.

7. What are the master’s responsibilities and authority in implementing the ISM Code?

i. Implement safety and environmental protection policy of the company.

ii. Motivate the crew in the observation of that policy.

iii. Issue appropriate orders and instructions in a clear and simple manner.

iv. Verify that specified requirements are observed.

v. Review the SMS and report deficiencies to shore based management.

8. You are the Second Officer aboard a container ship. The company is to implement ISM Code aboard the ship. How would you advise the owner regarding:

1. Resources and Personnel

The company should ensure that:

i. The Master is properly qualified for command

ii. Fully conversant with the company’s SMS.

iii. The Master is given the necessary support so that he can safely perform his duties

2. Manning

The company should ensure that each ship is manned with qualified, certificated and medically fit seafarers in accordance with national and international requirements. The company should consider:

i. Trading area and workload on crew.ii. Skills require for emergencies and

normal operation.iii. SMS awareness.

3. Familiarization

i. The effective performance level of the SMS will depend on the familiarity of the crew.

ii. Instructions which are essential should be identified, documented and given prior to sailing

4. Development of Plans for ship board Operations

i. Company to establish procedures for the preparation of plans and instructions for key shipboard operations concerning the safety of the ship and the prevention of pollution.

ii. Emphasis should be placed on preventive actions while maintaining the ability to respond to and correct non-conformities or hazardous situations.

iii. Identify key operations and issue instructions on the manner in which these are to be performed.

5. Emergency Preparednessi. Company to establish procedures to

identify describe and respond to potential emergency shipboard situations.

ii. The company should also establish programmes for drills and exercises to prepare for emergency actions.

iii. The shore and shipboard contingency planning must be consistent and appropriately integrated.

9. List 4 “Special Operations” regarding the ISM Code.

i. Ensuring watertight integrity.ii. Navigational safety, including

correction of charts and publicationsiii. Operations affecting the reliability of

steering gear and steering gear and standby equipment.

iv. Bunkering operations.

v. Lashing of cargoes.vi. Ship security, terrorism and piracy.

Ch. 16

1. The IMO uses various methods to bring a Convention or Amendments into force. Outline the method that was used to bring the STCW 1978 Convention, as amended in 1995, into force and outline the general obligations of Parties under the Convention.

ANSWER:

i. The convention entered into force 12 months after the date on which

at least 25 States, at least 50% of the gross tonnage of the world’s merchant ships of over 100 GRT, had either signed it or deposited the requisite instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.

ii. The Secretary General Informed all states that had signed the convention or acceded to it of the date on which it enters into force.

iii. Instructions of ratification, acceptance, approval or acceptance deposited during the 12 months referred to in paragraph (1) took effect when Convention came into

force or three months after the deposit of such instrument whichever the later date.

iv. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession deposited after the date on which the Convention entered into force took effect three months after the date of deposit

v. Instruments of ratification, approval or accession that were deposited after the date on which an amendment was accepted were applied to the amended convention.

2. Briefly outline the content of the regulations of the STCW 95 Convention.

i. Mandatory minimum requirements for the certification of masters, officers, radiotelephone operators and ratings forming part of a navigational watch or engineering watch.

ii. Mandatory minimum requirements for the training and qualifications of masters, officers and ratings of oil, chemical and gas tankers.

iii. Mandatory minimum requirements to ensure the continued proficiency

and updating of masters, and deck, engineer and radio officers.

iv. Basic principles to be observed in keeping navigational and engineering watches.

v. Mandatory minimum requirement for the issue of a Certificate of Proficiency in Survival Craft and Rescue Boats other than Fast Rescue Boats.

3. Describe the circumstances under which a ship may be detained under the STCW- 95 Convention.

Failure to correct any of the deficiencies referred to in paragraph 2, in so far as it has been determined by the Party carrying out the control that they pose a danger to persons, property or the environment, shall be the only grounds on which a party may detain a ship. The control officer should supply written information to the master regarding the deficiencies.

4. Your ship makes a port call at Liverpool. Describe the control which may be exercised by a control officer in that port under the STCW- 95 Convention.

i. Verification that all seafarers serving on board who are required to be certified in accordance with the STCW -95 Convention hold an appropriate certificate or a valid dispensation, or provide documentary proof that an application for an endorsement has been submitted to the Administration.

ii. Verification that the numbers and certificates of the seafarers serving on board are in conformity with the applicable safe manning requirements of the Administration

iii. Assessment, (in accordance with the STCW Code), of the ability of the seafarers of the ship to maintain watch keeping standards. If there are clear grounds for believing that such standards are not being maintained because any of the following have occurred:a) The ship has been involved in a

collision, grounding or stranding, orb) There has been a discharge of

substances from the ship when under way, at anchor or at berth which is illegal under any international convention, or

c) The ship has been maneuvered in an erratic or unsafe manner whereby routing measures adopted by the Organization or safe navigation practices and procedures haves not been followed, or

d) The ship is otherwise being operated in such a manner as to pose a danger to persons, property or the environment.

5. Briefly outline the circumstances under which dispensation may be granted under the STCW-95 Convention.

i. In circumstances of exceptional necessity, Administrations, if in their opinion this does not cause danger to persons, property or the environment, may issue a dispensation. This dispensation shall permit a specified seafarer to serve in a specified ship for a specified period not exceeding six month in a capacity for which he does not hold the appropriate certificate. This does not apply to radio officer or radiotelephone operator, except as provided by the relevant Radio Regulations

ii. The person to whom the dispensation is issued shall be adequately qualified to fill the vacant post in a safe manner, to the satisfaction of the Administration. However, dispensation shall not be granted to a master or chief engineer officer except in circumstances of force majeure and then only for the shortest possible period.

iii. Any dispensation granted for a post shall be granted only to a person properly certified to fill the post immediately below. For example a dispensation may be granted for a third mate to fill the post of second

mate only if the third mate is properly certified as a third mate. Where certification of the post below is not required by the convention, a dispensation may be issued to a person whose qualification and experience are, in the opinion of the Administration, of a clear equivalence to the requirements for the post to be filled, provided that, if such a person holds no appropriate certificate, he shall be required to pass a test accepted by the Administration as demonstrating that such a dispensation may safely be issued. In addition, Administrations

shall ensure that the post in question is filled by the holder of an appropriate certificate as soon as possible.

iv. Parties shall as soon as possible after 1st January of each year, send a report to the Secretary- General of the IMO giving information of the total number of dispensation referring to each capacity for which a certificate is required that have been issued during the year to seagoing ships, together with information as to the numbers of those ships above and below 1600 GT.

6. Explain the meaning of the term “ Reciprocal Recognition”

Reciprocal Recognition – of certificates is the procedure where by an Administration recognizes a certificate issued by another Party to a master, or officer. Each Administration shall ensure that the requirements of the STCW regulations are complied with and that:

i. The other Party has conformed with the requirements. This confirmation may include inspection of facilities and procedures that the requirements concerning standards

of competence, the issue and endorsement of certificates and record keeping are fully complied with.

ii. It is agreed with the Party concerned that prompt notification will be given of any significant change in the arrangements for training and certification provided in compliance with the Convention

b) If the Jamaican Administration chooses to give reciprocal recognition of a certificate issued by

another Party to another party under the provisions of the STCW convention, explain what would be the obligation of the Jamaica Administration in granting this reciprocal recognition.

ANSWER:

i. The other Party has conformed with the requirements. This confirmation may include inspection of facilities and procedures that the requirements concerning standards of competence, the issue and endorsement of certificates and record keeping are fully complied with.

ii. It is agreed with the Party concerned that prompt notification will be given of any significant change in the arrangements for training and certification provided in compliance with the Convention

7.a) Outline the responsibility (ies) of

the maritime education and training (MET) institutions as it relates to quality assurance.

ANSWER:

1) Each party shall ensure that the education and training objectives

and related standards of competence to be achieved are clearly defined and identify the levels of knowledge, understanding and skills appropriate to the examination and assessments required under the Convention. This can be achieved by developing proper syllabi, outlining the objectives of the courses.

2) The quality standards shall cover the following:i. Administration of the

certification system.ii. All training courses and

programmes,

iii. Examinations and assessments carried out by the party

iv. And the required qualification of the instructors and assessors.

3) Each Party shall ensure that an independent evaluation of the system is carried out at least every 5 yrs. The evaluation shall be of the knowledge, understanding, skills and competence acquisition and assessment activities, and of the administration certification system.

4) The evaluation shall verify that:i. All internal management control

and monitoring measures and follow-up actions are in

accordance with the agreed arrangements and documented procedures and are effective in achieving the objectives

ii. The results of the valuation are documented and brought to the attention of those responsible for the area evaluated

iii. Timely action is taken to correct deficiencies.

iv. The report of the evaluation shall include the terms of reference of the evaluation and the qualification and experience of the evaluators

b) List the three levels of competencies covered by the STCW Convention.

i. Management Level – Masters, Chief Mates, Chief Engineer officers or Second Engineer Officers. These persons have overall responsibilities for there respective areas and ensure that all functions in their areas are performed.

ii. Operational Level – Officers in charge of a navigational watch, officers in charge of an engineering watch, the designated engineer on a ship with unmanned machinery spaces and a radio operator. These persons have

direct control over their respective areas of responsibilities in accordance with proper procedures. These persons take directives from persons at the management level.

iii. Support Level – Abs Oss and Oilers. They have the duties or responsibility to perform tasks under the directives of the persons at the management or operational levels.

8. What are the document/requirements that a first time license holder needs before he/she can be issued with a

certificate of competency under STCW 95.

i. Proof of age.ii. Medical fitness Certificate.

iii. Sea service recordiv. Cadet training record bookv. Evidence of training

vi. Testimonials (2)vii. Transcript

viii. Police record

9. An officer holding a Panamanian certificate is serving on a Jamaican ship. What would be the responsibility of the flag state regarding the seafarer’s license?

The Jamaican Administration which recognizes the certificate issued by Panamanian Administration shall endorse such certificate to attest its recognition. The endorsement shall only be issued if all requirements of the Convention have been complied with.

10. You are a new third officer on the M/V “Mare Express”. Outline the company’s obligations and responsibilities under the provisions of the International Standards

Training and Certification for Seafarers (STCW 95) as it relates to your employment.

ANSWER: Each company is to ensure that:

i. The license is appropriate.ii. License and other relevant

documentation are readily available and up to date.

iii. License is recognized and issued by flag administration.

iv. The ship is adequately manned in compliance with the safe manning requirements of the Administration.

v. Seafarers assign to a ship are familiar with their specific duties

and with the arrangements of the ship, installations, equipment, procedures and ship characteristics that are relevant to their routine or emergency duties.

vi. The crew can effectively deal with any activities in an emergency situation and in performing functions vital to safety or the prevention of pollution.

11. Explain the obligations of be fulfilling by an Administration as it relates to the issue of certificates and endorsements.

ANSWER:

Certificates issued by an Administration shall be in the official language of the issuing country and or translation into English.

A certificate shall be issued only after all the requirements of the Convention have been complied with.

The endorsement shall only be issued if all requirements of the Convention have been complied with.

The capacity in which the holder of a certificate is authorized to serve shall be identified on the endorsement.

12. The Second Officer of the M/V Sky Princess, which is a Jamaican ship, applied to the Jamaica Maritime Administration for an endorsement. The Third Officer of the same vessel applied for a dispensation. Within the context of the International Convection on Standards of Training and Certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers, 1995 differentiate between the two applications.

ANSWER:

Endorsements: an Administration which recognizes the certificate issued by another Administration shall

endorse such certificate to attest its recognition. The endorsement shall only be issued if all requirements of the Convention have been complied with.

Dispensation: Any dispensation granted for a post shall be granted only to a person properly certified to fill the post immediately below. For example a dispensation may be granted for a third mate to fill the post of second mate only if the third mate is properly certified as a third mate. Where certification of the post below is not required by the convention, a dispensation may be issued to a person

whose qualification and experience are, in the opinion of the Administration, of a clear equivalence to the requirements for the post to be filled, provided that, if such a person holds no appropriate certificate, he shall be required to pass a test accepted by the Administration as demonstrating that such a dispensation may safely be issued. In addition, Administrations shall ensure that the post in question is filled by the holder of an appropriate certificate as soon as possible.

13.a) For the purpose of the

International Convention on Standards of Training, certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers (STCW 95) define the following:

I. Certificate – means a valid document, by whatever names it may be known, issued by or under the authority of the Administration or recognized by the Administration. It authorizes the holder to serve as stated in the document or as authorized by national regulations.

II. Certificated – means properly holding a certificate.

III. Sea going ship – means any ship except those which navigate exclusively in inland waters or in waters within, or closely adjacent to, sheltered waters or areas where port regulations apply.

IV. Radio Regulation – means the Radio Regulations annexed to, the most recent International Telecommunication Convention which may be in force at any time.

b) Explain to which category of seafarers the aforementioned convention applies

Ch. 17

1. Under the International Convention on the tonnage Measurement for ships 1969, define the following:

a) International Voyage – a sea voyage from a country to which the present Convention applies to a port outside such country.

b) Gross Tonnage – the measure of the useful capacity of a ship determined in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention.

c) Net Tonnage - the measure of the useful capacity of a ship determined in accordance with provisions of the present Convention.

d) New Ship – a ship the keel of which is laid or which is at a similar stage of construction, on or after the date of coming into force of the present Convention.

e) Existing Ship – a ship which is not a new ship.

2. Explain fully the circumstances under which an International Tonnage Certificate may be cancelled.

i. An International tonnage certificate shall cease to be valid and shall be cancelled by the Administration if alterations have taken place in the arrangement; construction; capacity use of spaces; total number of passengers the ship is permitted to carry as indicated in the ship’s passenger certificates; assigned load line or permitted draught of the ship, such as would necessitate an increase in gross tonnage or net tonnage.

ii. A certificate issued by an Administration shall cease to be valid upon transfer of such a ship to the

flag of another State, except as provided in the following.

iii. Upon transfer to the flag of another State which is a contracting Government, the international tonnage certificate shall remain in force for a period not exceeding three months or until the Administration issues another certificate to replace it, whichever is earlier.

3. Your ship is to undergo inspection with respect to the International Convention on the Tonnage Measurements for Ships. Briefly

explain the purpose of the inspection and what the inspector will be looking for aboard the ship.

Inspection shall be limited to the purpose of verifying:

i. That the ship is provided with a valid international tonnage certificate

ii. The main characteristics of the ship correspond to the data given in the certificate.

iii. In no case shall the exercise of such inspection cause any delay to the ship.

iv. Should the inspection reveal that the main characteristics of the ship

differ from those entered on the certificate so as to lead to an increase in the gross tonnage and net tonnage, the Government of the state whose flag the ship is flying shall be informed without delay

4. Outline the category of ships to which the International Convention on the Tonnage Measurement of Ships apply.

The present Convention shall apply to:

i. New shipsii. Existing ships which undergo

alterations or modifications which

the Administration deems to be a substantial variation in their existing gross tonnage.

iii. Existing ships if the owner so requests

iv. All existing ships, twelve years after the date on which the Convention comes into force, except that such ships, apart from those mentioned above , shall retain their then existing tonnage for the purpose of the application to them relevant requirements under other existing international Conventions.

5. With regard to the International Tonnage Certificate explain:

a) How is the Gross Tonnage determined –

GT = K1V

Where: V = total volume of all enclosed spaces on the ship in cubic meters

K1 = 0.2 + 0.02 log1o V (or as tabulated in Appendix 2)

b) How the Net Tonnage is determined –

NT = K2 VC [4d/3D]2 + K3 [N1 + N2/10]

In which formula:

The factor (4d/3D) shall not be taken greater than unity

The term K2 VC [4d/3D]2 shall not be taken as less than 0.25 GT

NT shall not be taken as less than 0.30GT

Net Tonnage

VC = total volume of cargo spaces in cubic meters

K2 = 0.2 + 0.02 log1o V (or as tabulated in Appendix 2)

K3 = 1.25 (GT + 10000)/10000

D = moulded depth amidships in meters

d = moulded draught amidships in meters

N1 = number of passengers in cabins with not more than 8 berths

N2 = number of other passengers

N1 + N2 = total number of passengers the ships permitted to carry as indicated in the ship’s passenger certificate when N1 + N2 is less then 13, N1 and N2 shall be taken as zero.

c) Who issues the Certificate – the Administration or by any person or organization duly authorized by it. The Administration shall assume full responsibility for the certificate.

d) Who determines the Gross Tonnage – the determination of gross and net tonnages shall be carried out by the Administration which may, however, entrust such determination either to persons or organizations recognized y it.

e) Who carries out the inspections – a ship flying the flag of a state the Government which is a contracting Government shall be subject when in ports of another contracting

Government to inspection by officers duly authorized by such Government.

Ch. 18

1. List five (5) documents that the Registrar retains upon the registration of a Jamaican ship.

a. Certificate of Surveyb. Builder’s Certificatec. Previous bill of Saled. Declarations made by the ownere. Notice of the name of the shipf.Application of Registration

2. Under what conditions, in accordance with the Jamaica Shipping Act, 1998 must the Master of a Jamaican ship ensure the national colours are hoisted.

3. What information shall be contained on the Certicate of Registration of a Jamaican Ship?

i. Name and address of the ownerii. Name of the master

iii. Date and place where the ship was built

iv. Details given in the certificate of survey

4. List five (5) offences under the Jamaican Shipping Act, 1998 as it relates to Jamaican Certificate of Competency.

5. List four (4) pertinent information that the registrar of ships must record in the register for ships.

i. Qualifications: Jamaican or Commonwealth citizens, Corporate bodies, Other persons as specified by the Minister.

ii. Application for Registrationiii. Declaration of Ownership

iv. Restriction on Registrationv. Documents for the registrar

6. Your ship is registered in Jamaican under the 1998 Merchant Shipping Act. Outline four (4) circumstances in which the registration may be cancelled.

i. Annual tonnage fee of a registered ship is not paid for a period of more than 2 years

ii. If a registered ship is no longer entitled to be registered

iii. Request by the owner that he wishes the registration to be terminated

iv. Total loss, destroyed by shipwreck, demolition, fire or sinking

7. You are on a Liberian registered ship owned and operated by a Panamanian and the owner asks your advice as it related to the qualification regarding registering the vessel in Jamaica. How would you advise him on the criterion that qualifies him to register his vessel in Jamaica?

i. Qualifications: Jamaican or Commonwealth citizens, Corporate bodies, Other persons as specified by the Minister.

ii. Application for Registrationiii. Declaration of Ownershipiv. Restriction on Registrationv. Documents for the registrar

8. If the Panamanian owner became qualify to register his ship under the Jamaican flag , what information would be required to be in his Declaration of Ownership?

i. Name and address of the ownerii. Name of the master

iii. Date and place where the ship was built

iv. Details given in the certificate of survey

Ch. 19

1.a) Outline the basic principles that

are to be observed in keeping navigational and engineering watches.

b) What are the core roles and function of a Maritime Administration?

i. Administration to the registration of ships

ii. Regulate the certification of seafarersiii. Regulate the safety of shipping as it

relates to ship construction and navigation

iv. Administer policies for the development of shipping in general

v. Inspect ships for the purposes of maritime safety and prevention of marine pollution

c) List four (4) entries that may be found in :

I. An official Log Book - II. An Ordinary ship’s Log –

a. Soundings of the bilge wells; FW; ballast and bunkers

b. The ship’s time and GMT and information regarding any adjustments necessary for time zone changes

c. Barometric pressure and temperature

d. Weather and state of the seae. Courses, deviations, variations;

log reading

f.Distance sailing at the end of each watch

g. Position linesh. Miscellaneous – draft,

navigation lights on/off, set and rate to tidal stream, battening down of hatches

i. Noon position, RPM, signature of OOW

j. Records of safety maneuvers and drills are also to be recorded, requiring the date and a description of the drills carried out

2.

a) Briefly explain what should be done with the official log book if a Jamaican Ship:

I. Changes ownershipII. Is lost or abandoned

3. Outline briefly the information which should be exchanged between the master and pilot of a ship in port.a. Speedsb. Route to followc. Assistance required from ashore

and contingenciesd. The master needs to advise the

pilot of the handling characteristics

of his ship in particular any unusal features and relevant information such as anchor condition, engine type, and control.

e. The pilot will decide how the controls will be monitored, briefed on radar and steering mode

f.Ship particulars

Ch. 20

1.a) List the Annexes of MARPOL

73/78 and state the pollutant(s) that each annexes cover.

i. Annex 1 - Oilii. Annex 2 - Noxious liquid substances

carried in Bulk

iii. Annex 3 - Harmful substances carried in packaged form

iv. Annex 4 - Sewagev. Annex 5 - Garbage

vi. Annex 6 – Air pollution

b)I. Define “special Area" as found in

Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78 – means a sea area where for recognized technical reasons in relation to its oceanography and ecology and characteristic of its traffic, the adoption of special mandatory measures for the prevention of sea pollution by oil is required.

II. State the conditions under which oily mixture from machinery space may be discharged into the sea. – the ship has in operation an oil

discharge monitoring and control system, oily water separating of filtering equipment or other installation required 16 of Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78

on oil tanker, the bilge-water does not originate from cargo pump-room bilges or is not mixed with oil cargo residue

the oil content of the effluent is 15 ppm or less

the ship is proceeding en route

III. Describe the purpose and contents of a shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) according to Regulation 26 of MARPOL 73/78. -

Every oil tanker of 150 GT and above and every ship of 400 GT and above other than an oil tanker shall carry on board a shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan approved by the Administration.

The Plan must contain:

The procedure to be followed to report an oil pollution incident

List of authorities to be contacted in the event of an oil pollution incident

Detailed description of action to be taken immediately by persons on board to mitigate the consequences of the incident

Procedures for co-coordinating shipboard action with authorities

2.I. Any transfer of oil must be recorded.

What mandatory document is used to record these transfer? - Oil Record Book

II. List four (4) important information that must be recorded in this. – Loading of Oil cargo Internal transfer of oil during a

voyage Unloading of Oil cargo Ballasting of cargo Tanks Discharge of ballast except from

SBT Discharge of water from slop tanks Closing of values after slop tank

discharges Disposal of residues

3. The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution, 1973 as amended by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL) regulates the disposal of marine pollutants. What pollutants does this convention cover?

Oil Noxious liquid substances carried in

Bulk Harmful substances carried in

packaged form Sewage Garbage Air pollution

4. The term special area is covered under the provisions of MARPOL, what is a special area? List the names of four such areas.

Special Area means a sea area where for recognized technical reasons in relation to its oceanography and ecology and characteristic of its traffic, the adoption of special mandatory measures for the prevention of sea pollution by oil is required.

Mediterranean Baltic sea Black sea Red sea

The Gulfs of Aden Antarctic North west European Waters Oman sea Southern South Africa waters

5. Any transfer of oil must be recorded. What mandatory document is used to record these transfers? - Oil Record Book

List four (4) important information that must be recorded in this document.

Loading of Oil cargo

Internal transfer of oil during a voyage

Unloading of Oil cargo Ballasting of cargo Tanks Discharge of ballast except from

SBT Discharge of water from slop tanks Closing of values after slop tank

discharges Disposal of residues

6. What category of vessel must have an operable shipboard oil pollution emergency plan (SOPEP)

Every oil tanker of 150 GT and above and every ship of 400 GT and above other than an oil tanker shall carry on board a shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan approved by the Administration.

Ch. 22

1. Briefly explain the main content of a SPEP aboard an oil tanker?

2. The M/V “Orange Sun” is transiting the Baltic Sea. Would the Chief Engineer be acting

appropriately to order that the contents of the holding tank be pumped over-board? If so, justify his action as it relates to the discharge of sewage overboard.i. The ship may discharging

comminuted and disinfected sewage using a system approved by the administration at a distance of more than 3 nm from the nearest land or where the sewage is not contaminated or comminuted, 12 nm from nearest land provided that in any case the sewage that has been stored in holding tanks shall not be

discharged instantaneously but at a moderate rate when the ship is en route and proceeding at less than 4 knots.

ii. The ship has in operation an approved treatment plant for sewage which has been certified by the Administration

iii. When the ship is situated in the waters under the jurisdiction of a state party

3. Distinguish between clean ballast tanks and segregated ballasted tank.

CLEAN BALLAST: means ballast carried in a tank which since it was last used to carry a cargo containing a substance in category X, Y, or Z, been thoroughly cleaned and the resides resulting there from have been discharged and the tank emptied in accordance with the Annex

SEGREGATED BALLAST: means ballast water introduced into a tank permanently allocated to the carriage of ballast or to the carriage of ballast or cargoes other than oil or NLS as defined under the Annex and which is completely separated from the cargo and oil fuel system.

4. What does the acronym SOPEP means?

Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan

5. List the information that the SOPEP must contain.

The SOPEP must contain:

The procedure to be followed to report an oil pollution incident

List of authorities to be contacted in the event of an oil pollution incident

Detailed description of action to be taken immediately by persons

on board to mitigate the consequences of the incident

Procedures for co-coordinating shipboard action with authorities

Ch. 23

1. List the Annexes of MARPOL 73/78 and state the pollutant(s) that each annexes cover.

a) Annex 1 - Oilb) Annex 2 - Noxious liquid

substances carried in Bulkc) Annex 3 - Harmful substances

carried in packaged form

d) Annex 4 - Sewagee) Annex 5 - Garbagef)Annex 6 – Air pollution

2. Define “Special Area” as found in Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78

Special Area means a sea area where for recognized technical reasons in relation to its oceanography and ecology and characteristic of its traffic, the adoption of special mandatory measures for the prevention of sea pollution by oil is required.

3. State the conditions under which oily mixture from machinery space may be discharged into the sea.

4. Describe the purpose and contents of a shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) according to Regulation 26 of MARPOL 73/78

5. Any transfer of oil must be recorded. What mandatory document is used to record these transfer?

6. List four (4) important information that must be recorded in this document: referred to in question 5.

Ch. 24

1. Define the term sewage according to the MARPOL convention 73/78.

Sewage means:

i. Drainage and other wastes from any form of toilets, urinals and WC scuppers

ii. Drainage from medical premises via wash basins, tubs and cuppers

iii. Drainage from spaces containing living animals

iv. Other waste water when mixed with the drainage defined above

2. Your ship is to under go its initial survey with regard to the Annex 4 of the MARPOL Convention. Outline the areas and items that will be looked at during the survey.

Initial Survey which shall ensure:

i. When the ship is fitted with a sewage treatment plant that it meets the IMO standard

ii. When the ship is fitted with a system to comminute and disinfect such system must be approved by the flag state

iii. When the ship has a holding tank it must have the capacity to retain all the sewage having regard to the operation of the ship and the number of persons on board and the ship has a pipeline leading to the exterior for the purpose of discharging the sewage ashore to a reception facility

This survey shall be such as to ensure that the structure, equipment, systems, fittings, arrangements and

material fully comply with the applicable requirement of this Annex.

3. Briefly outline the circumstances under which sewage may be discharges from a ship into the sea.

4. State the interval for periodic survey according to Annex 4 of the MARPOL Convention 73/78.

A periodic Survey at intervals specified by the Administration but not exceeding five yrs.

Ch. 25

1. The special area rule applies to MARPOL Annex 5. List five (5) areas that are considered as special areas.i. The Mediterranean

ii. The Baltic Seaiii. The Red Seaiv. North Sea Areav. Antarcticavi. Wider Caribbean Region

vii. Southern South Africa

2. Outline in detail how you would manage the garbage aboard your ship at sea?

Ships required to have a garbage management plan must have a garbage record book which shall record each discharge operation or completed incineration and the entries shall be signed by the Master. Entries include:

i. Date and time of dischargeii. Position of ship

iii. Category of garbage dischargeiv. Estimated amount of garbage

discharge in cubic meters

In the case of incineration the entries shall include:

i. The time of start and stop of incineration

ii. Position of the shipiii. Amounts incinerated

3. List the vessels to which MARPOL Annex 5 apply.

Every ship of over 12 meters in length.

Ch. 26