marlies van der kroft gushi.nl inclusive education with limited resources the case of lao pdr
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Inclusive education with limited resources
The case of LAO PDR
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Disabled children and educationworld wide
• 2% School enrolment of boys and girls
• Very high drop out and repetition rate
• Factors keeping disabled children out of school
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Interest of Governments to ensure education for all
If disabled children stay out of school:
• Education for All 2015 is impossible
• Poverty Reduction does not succeed
• Children’s rights are violated
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Interest of donor community to welcome disabled children in school
If the education sector excludes disabled children:
• The Global Campaign on Education will not succeed
• The burden of dependency deepens at the family and State level
• Governments can not ensure Education for All
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Popular assumptions keeping disabled children out of school
• Disabled children need protection• Disabled children can’t learn• Disabled children slow down other learners • Education of disabled children is:
- a waste of resources
- not a priority
- too difficult
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Inclusive education in LAO PDRwhat does it mean
• Integrated education – the child has to adjust to an existing school system and structure
• Inclusive education – is about creating a learning environment and enabling children to learn based on capacities
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Stage I (1990-1993) Research:
• Key causes for non-enrolment
• Key causes for high drop-out
• Reasons for poor quality of education
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Stage II (1993—1995) Pilot Project IE
Aim:
• Increase access to basic education
• Reduce drop-out and repetition
• Raise the levels of achievement
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Approach of IE Project:
• Improve quality of teaching
• Develop welcoming schools
• Develop strong links with community
• Guide children to respect difference
• Raise public awareness about IE
• Develop pre-schools for early entry & identification & preparation of children
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Stage III-IV (1995-2000-2005) The National Experiment and Expansion
Results:
• 3 IE schools functioning in every district
• Pre schools raise learning achievement
• Children enter, stay and succeed in IE
• Disabled children are visible, valued, participate in child & community events
• Disabled children have self-esteem
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Lessons learned in IE in LAO PDR
• Ongoing training for teachers
• Balance of children in the classroom
• Support & Referral system for schools
• Managing IE as national strategy to achieve education for all
• How to keep pace with demand
• Inclusive Education benefits all children
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Marlies van der Kroft GUSHI.NL
Challenges for the future in LAO PDR
• Training of qualified teachers
• Inbuilt monitoring & information systems
• Turn over of education officials
• How to keep an open mind to continue learning in inclusive education