marlita white office of violence prevention june 27, 2012
DESCRIPTION
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID FOR COMMUNITIES (PFAC): A TOOL FOR PROVIDING IMMEDIATE HELP IN TIMES OF DISTRESS. Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012. Psychological First Aid for Communities - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chic
ago
Dep
artm
ent o
f Pub
lic H
ealth
Rahm EmanuelMayor
Bechara Choucair, MDCommissioner
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID FOR COMMUNITIES (PFAC):
A TOOL FOR PROVIDING IMMEDIATE HELP IN TIMES OF DISTRESS
Marlita WhiteOFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION
June 27, 2012
Psychological First Aid for Communities (Adapted from Pynoos RS, National Child Traumatic Stress Network)
![Page 2: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Guide: Where, when, and with who? • Establish: PFAC core actions• Process: Participate in a brief activity • Practice: Review and questions
Today’s Format and Goals
Goals
![Page 3: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is PFAC?
![Page 4: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
An IntroductionPsychological First Aid is designed to reduce the initial distress caused by traumatic events and to foster short- and long-term adaptive functioning and coping.*
*National Child Traumatic Stress Network. (2006).Psychological First Aid, Field Operations Guide 2nd Edition
![Page 5: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is Trauma?An experience, that completely overwhelms the ability to cope or integrate ideas and emotions; a sense of being overwhelmed lasting for a prolonged period as the person struggles to cope with the immediate circumstances; can lead to serious long-term negative consequences by directly changing the biological functions of the brain*
*Moroz, K.J. (2005) The Effects of Psychological Trauma on Children and Adolescents. Vermont Agency of Human Services Department of HealthDivision of Mental Health
![Page 6: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Pioneers-(1988) Robert Pynoos and Kathleen Nader (the National Child Traumatic Stress Network- developed the Second Edition of Psychological First Aid Field Operations Guide )
• International Federation of Red Cross & Danish Red Cross- 1990; Red Crescent Societies- Listen. Protect and Connect
• Numerous adaptations – 3, 6, 12, 18 hour training sessions, from state to state and beyond (Montana, Manitoba, UN, Chicago Dept of Public Health)
Historical Background (PFA)What is PFAC?
![Page 7: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
PFAC vs. PFAPFA: Originally designed with children, adolescents, parents/caretakers, families, and adults exposed to macro-level disaster or terrorism in mind- it can also be used by and for first responders and disaster relief workers.
PFAC: The Chicago Department of Public Health applied the principles outlined in PFA to experiences that occur on a more frequent basis within communities . This puts the “C” in PFAC.
What is PFAC?
![Page 8: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Potentially Traumatic Experiences
![Page 9: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Potentially traumatic experiences:
In the HOME:• Substance Abuse• Domestic
Violence• Fire• Home
Invasion/Theft• What else?
![Page 10: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Potentially traumatic experiences:
In the COMMUNITY:• Serious injury
Shootings/stabbings • Fights• Robbery • Car Accidents • What else?
![Page 11: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
General Guidelines of PFAC
![Page 12: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
General guidelines of PFAC:
Everyone can give PFAC
![Page 13: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cultural Humility • There are something that you will miss
or not understand when you are bridging a cultural gap to provide PFAC
• Make sure to tread lightly • Be open to being corrected• Always ask if unsure
General guidelines of PFAC:
![Page 14: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• It’s the person’s/child’s experience
• Not every person/child will be traumatized
• Avoid ‘talking down’
• Focus on what the child/person has done that is effective
No Assumptions General guidelines of PFAC:
![Page 15: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Working with Children
![Page 16: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Working with children:
How do young children experience trauma differently than the rest of the population?
![Page 17: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Children at special risk• Separated from parents/caregivers• Adolescents who may be risk-takers• Youth exposed to grotesque scenes
or extreme life threatening situations• CEV= children exposed to violence
Working with children
![Page 18: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Build on Protective Factors
• Attachment & Bonding• Healthy friendships• A caring, positive adult relationship • Strong self-esteem
Working with children
![Page 19: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
When offering PFA:
• Accept the person’s readiness to share
• Not the time to press for details• Only offer accurate information• Keep safety as a theme and focus
Working with children
![Page 20: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Behavior that may help• Speak at child’s/person’s eye level• Help child/person verbalize feelings• Provide simple labels• Avoid extreme words• Reassure by voice, body language
Working with children
![Page 21: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PFAC Core Actions
![Page 22: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsCore Actions Overview
1. Contact and Engagement 2. Safety and Comfort 3. Stabilization 4. Information Gathering5. Practical Assistance 6. Social Supports 7. Coping 8. Linkage to Services
![Page 23: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsContact and Engagement
Look, speak, acknowledge
![Page 24: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
PFA Core ActionsSafety and Comfort
Protect, reassure, encourage
![Page 25: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsStabilization
Consistency, familiarity, dependability
![Page 26: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsInformation Gathering
Asking, listening, organizing
![Page 27: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsPractical Assistance
Responsive, constructive, optimistic
![Page 28: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsSocial Supports
Connecting, sharing, encouraging
![Page 29: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsCoping
Informing, educating, framing
![Page 30: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
PFAC Core ActionsLinkage to Services
Discuss, assess, link
![Page 31: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
When child is exhibiting
What s/he needs: How to respond:
HelplessnessPassivity
Provide support, rest, play; have they eaten?
Establish child friendly space
Generalized Fear
Calm adult presence; support for each child
Reassuring familiar activities-
PFAC Interventions
![Page 32: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
When child is exhibiting
What s/he needs: How to respond:
Clinginess Consistency, honesty- doing what you say you will do, being where you say you’ll be
Encourage families to spend more time together; to practice and celebrate consistency
Regressive Behaviors
Tolerate for limited time- e.g. 2 weeks
Avoid criticizing or name-calling
PFAC Interventions
![Page 33: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Contact & E_______________• Safety and C______________• Stabi____________________• Information G______________• Practical A_________________• Social S___________________• Supports with C_____________• Linkage to S______________
PFA Core ActionsReview
![Page 34: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Wrap Up Review
• Define: Immediate help after a potentially traumatic event
• Guide: Events that happen in the community to families effect children
• Establish: PFAC core actions
![Page 35: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Local Resources
• CDPH, Office of Violence Prevention: 312.747.9396
• Emergency: 911 Information: 311
• Chicago Domestic Violence Helpline: 1.877.863.6338
• Metropolitan Family Services: 312.371.3600
• Family Focus, Englewood: 773.962.0366
• Heartland Human Care Services: 773.728.5960
• Casa Central: 773.645.2300
• Safe From the Start programs: 312.814.1708 (IL) http://ivpa.org/
• LaRabida Child Trauma Center: 773.374.3748
![Page 36: Marlita White OFFICE OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION June 27, 2012](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/56815b2f550346895dc8fa9e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
???Wrap Up
Questions