MARTHA ROGERSINNOVATED VIEW & HOLISTIC IMPLICATIONS

SHIRLEY ECKES BSN, RN, CCRN

MARIA PEREZ BSN, RNC-OB

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WHY THE THEORY - SCIENCE OF UNITARY HUMAN BEINGS (SUHB)?

Rogers felt “there had to be a body of knowledge that was specific to and unique to nursing”.

Rogers aim was to develop “a conceptual system that would give identity to nursing as a knowledgeable endeavor”.

KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT IN NURSING WHILE SUHB WAS BEING DEVELOPED

During the 1970’s, the decade Rogers

introduced the SUHB, major nurse

theorists came together at nursing theory

Conferences, groups were growing,

organizations were formed, and

conferences were developed around the

work of a particular theorist (p. 45).

A NEW WORLDVIEW IS REQUIRED Simultaneity Worldview

Moves away from a particulate view of man (Peterson, 2009, p. 12)

Whole means unitary, one cannot be understood by looking at the parts, and humans cannot be separated from the universe (Wright, 20047, p. 64).

Rogers, Watson, Parse, and Newman

Holistic, humanistic, client focused, grounded in the notion of caring as the core of nursing.

Totality Worldview

HOW SIMULTANEITY UNDERPINS THE THEORY OF SUHB

FOUR FUNDAMENTAL POSTULATES

“The Science of Unitary Human beings is rooted in a 4 dimensional, negentropic, non-causal, open system model in which human and environment fields are irreducible and integral with one another." Martha Rogers

These components became:

1. Energy Fields2. Openness3. Pattern4. Pandimensionality

POSTULATES DEFINED1. Energy Fields - living and non-living dynamic,

infinite and continuously moving

2. Openness - open universe, no boundaries other than perpetual ones

3. Pattern - changing continuously while giving identity to each unique human-environmental field

4. Pan dimensionality - non-linear domain without spatial or temporal attributes non-lineartranscends the traditional notions of time and space

BASIC ASSUMPTIONS OF THE THEORY OF SUHBHOMEODYNAMICS - term Rogers chose to convey a

dynamic, ever changing life and world.

Principal later is described with labels of:

1. RESONANCY - constant fluctuations in frequency2. HELICY - unpredictable and increasing diversity in

field patterns describing the nature of change

3. INTEGRALITY - changing environmental and human fields where person and environment

are inseparable

Theory of Emergence of Paranormal Phenomena

The world (environment) is every changing a different speeds than humans can adapt to, due to living longer

Aging is a continuous and creative process of growing diversity of field patterns

Aging becomes a potential for growth, wisdom, accomplishments, involvement through experiences

Roger (2010) “asserts that within the Science of Unitary Human Beings, psychic phenomena becomes “normal” rather than “paranormal” (p. 258).

Through a deep interconnectedness the evolution, physics, cosmology, consciousness, paranormal phenomena, healing and prayer surpass mere quantum effects and provide understanding of the paranormal by a non-linear domain

Parker & Smith (2010)

MIDRANGE ROGERIAN PRACTICE THEORIES Theory of Power as Knowing - Participation in

Change Theory of Perceived Dissonance Theory of Kaleidoscoping in Life’s Turbulence Enfolding Health-as-Wholeness-and-

Harmony Personalized Nursing LIGHT Practice Model

Theory of Power as Knowing Participation in Change Is the principle of choices, freedom to act

intentionally, interweaves awareness of the surroundings and involvement in creating change

Power is dynamic and ever changing, it has the influence to change or prevent change.It helps the client identify the need for change and the direction of change they desire

Voluntary mutual patterning includes meaningful dialogue, journaling, movement, dancing, imagery, humor and therapeutic touch.

Theory of perceived dissonance

Theory of Kaliedoscoping in Life's Turbulence Kaliedoscoping is a mutual process of engaging with

a client who is having a turbulent life event. Turbulent life events are chaotic in nature and unpredictable and leads to transformation. Examples illness, divorce, loss of loved one and medical uncertainty. ;It cultivates purpose involves assisting the client identify and reach their goals through a defined action plan or series of strategies devised to promote harmony and facilitate actualization of well-being.

Enfolding Health-as-Wholeness-and-Harmony

Personalized Nursing LIGHT Practice Model

Theory of Emergence of Paranormal PhenomenaVerify this is one. I do not see it in my

book

HEALTH MOVEMENTNursing survival depends on being able

to make a difference in promoting the health of people

Science of Unitary Human Beings help the nurses conceptualize health in a new way to improve human well-being

Nurses should become experts in noninvasive modalities to promote health

Martha Rogers was one of the first theorist to publish her ideas in a book in the 1970

She advocated to learn about other discipline and apply it to advance nursing

1970 the major nurse theorist came together in one of the first conference for nursing theory

Fawcett (2003)

ECONOMY & POLITICAL INFLUENCES The 1970s continued the rapid and radical social

changes of the late 1960s. The Vietnam war, economic “stagflation,” the energy crisis, the Watergate scandal, and the Iranian capture of U.S. hostages dominated national headlines. Women and minorities were demanding and gaining in legal equality. Electronic pocket calculators, personal computers

Medicare reimbursement, rising costs and efforts to control them, and workforce shortages

In the face of economic pressures from the Vietnam war and stagflation, the Economic Stabilization Act of 1970 was passed, inaugurating a policy of wage and price controls. Government efforts to control costs would be an issue for hospitals throughout the decade.

The American Hospital Association held its first annual membership meeting in Washington, D.C., to create a policy forum and organize lobbying efforts, strengthening its grassroots involvement with growing government regulation.

The Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 was enacted to prevent children younger than 5 years old from accidentally ingesting hazardous household substances. On Aug. 8, 1972 aspirin became the first medical product to fall under this law. With that precedent set, the law gradually encompassed all prescription and over-the-counter drugs.

Increasingly, the head of hospitals were being called president, moving away from the title superintendent. Executive vice president, director or administrator were other titles used for  the chief executive.

AHA President Mark Berke was among health care leaders predicting the country would have a national health insurance program by the mid-1970s

The AHA endorsed a sweeping statement on making communities healthier. It held members accountable for all health care needs in their communities and promoted the role of hospitals in disease prevention, health maintenance and consumer involvement.

1972Congress created the Professional

Standards Review Organization program focusing public and government attention on ensuring the quality of health care

Medicare eligibility was extended to those younger than age 65 with long-term disabilities or end-stage renal disease

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCEMENTS THAT INFLUENCED

SOCIAL CULTURAL FACTORS

PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW “Nursing science to creatively develop

innovative new modalities and research approach that would promote the betterment of humankind”

Parker & Smith (2010)

BASIC ASSUMPTION OF THE THEORY Human beings and environmental are conceptualized

as irreducible-fields, open with the environment Universe open system Energy fields are continuously open Infinite Integral with one another Change is predictable or probabilistic

(PROBABILISTIC WAS CHANGED TO UNPREDICTABLE, WRIGHT ARTICLE P. 65)

Yields to change is diverse, creative, innovative and unpredictable

UNITARY-TRANSFORMATIVE METAPARADIGM

Person environment are energy fields that evolve negentropically

Martha proposed that nursing was a basic scientific discipline

Nursing is using knowledge for human betterment.                 

The unique focus of nursing is on the unitary or irreducible  human being and the environment (both are energy fields) rather than health and illness

EFFECTIVENESS ON NURSING Transformative practice Develop autonomy Community-based nursing centers Inclusive and reflective Changing in relationship to environment Open to unfolding patterns and Pandimensional experiences Everything is integrated and changing

Theories derived from SUHB The perspective rhythm model (Patrick 1983) Theory of health as expanding consciousness

(Neuman 1986) Theory of creativity, actualizaton and

empathy (Alligood 1991) Theory of transcendence (Reed 1997) Power as knowing participation in change

(Barrett 1998)

Effectiveness of Rogers in expanding her body of knowledge

Biography

http://youtu.be/pH_ToXAf9yc

Part 1

http://youtu.be/V1XN3rPKndE

Part ll

http://youtu.be/f6qWm8sGut0

BibliographySlide 1 (photo)

http://www.societyofrogerianscholars.org/biography_mer.html

ReferencesFawcett, J. (2003). The nurse theorists:

21st century updates Martha E. Rogers. Nursing Science Quarterly.16 (1):44-51

Parker & Leihr (2010). Nursing theory and practices. Saunders. Barlett and Jones