Marvelous Monday, April 28

• Take your seat• Begin Warm-Up

Warm-Up

1.What was the specific purpose of the Marshall Plan?

2.Summarize the idea behind the Truman Doctrine

20 word summaries for each document

Today’s Agenda

• Warm-UpWarm-Up

• FN- “The Cold War UnfoldsFN- “The Cold War Unfolds

• HomeworkHomework– Review for Review for Vocabulary QuizVocabulary Quiz

• Quiz will be WEDNESDYQuiz will be WEDNESDY

– Study Guide ques 1-5Study Guide ques 1-5

14-5 and 15-1The Cold War Begins

V.

Today’s Standard10.9 Analyze the causes and effects of

the Cold War

Today’s Topic:Causes of the Cold War

Essential Question 1

What was the Cold War, why did it start and how did it divide

the world?

A Growing Conflict• Although the United States (U.S.)

and Soviet Union (USSR) are allies during WWII tensions form because their political ideologies and postwar plans are very different.

VS.U.S.AU.S.A U.S.S.RU.S.S.RPolitical IdeologiesPolitical Ideologies

Democracy/CapitalismDemocracy/CapitalismPolitical IdeologiesPolitical Ideologies

Communism/Command Communism/Command EconomyEconomy

Post war AgendaPost war AgendaResources for booming Resources for booming factoriesfactoriesSpread and promote Spread and promote DemocracyDemocracySupply developing and Supply developing and war torn countries with war torn countries with much needed suppliesmuch needed suppliesUnite GermanyUnite Germany

Post war AgendaPost war AgendaRebuild infrastructureRebuild infrastructureReparations from Reparations from GermanyGermanyPrevent future InvasionPrevent future InvasionPromote CommunismPromote Communism Create “Satellite Create “Satellite nations” (buffer zone)nations” (buffer zone)Keep Germany dividedKeep Germany divided

Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples (undeveloped countries

such as India, Afghanistan, Vietnam, Korea, etc…)

Communist govt. & Command economy East

vs. Democratic govt. & Capitalist

economy West

What was the Cold War?What was the Cold War?

The The IdeologicalIdeological Struggle StruggleSoviet &

Eastern Bloc Nations[“Iron

Curtain”]

US & the Western

Democracies

GOAL spread world-wide Communism

GOAL “Containment” of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world.[George Kennan]

METHODS AND :

Espionage [KGB vs. CIA]

Arms Race [nuclear escalation]

Proxy Wars – a war that results when two powers use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other directly. Ex - Vietnam

Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]

Vs.Vs.

Teriffic Tuesday, April 29

• Take your seat• Begin Warm-Up

Warm-UpThe year is 1950, and North Korea, a communist

country, has invaded South Korea, a non-communist country. President Harry S. Truman

has to decide whether to commit ground troops to help fight the invasion, which would mean that the “cold war” would become a “hot war.” You are a

policy analyst for the newly-formed National security Council. Using your knowledge of

American cold war policy, the documents and your notes, write a 5 sentence paragraph in which you argue for or against committing American ground troops. You will need to address why the policy of Containment applies or does not apply to the situation in Korea.

23 Days Left

Today’s Agenda

• Warm-UpWarm-Up

• FN- “The Cold War UnfoldsFN- “The Cold War Unfolds

• HomeworkHomework– Review for Review for Vocabulary QuizVocabulary Quiz

• Quiz will be WEDNESDYQuiz will be WEDNESDY

– Study Guide Questions 6-8Study Guide Questions 6-8

Europe Divided: East & West

• Democratic West & Communist East

• Germany divided; Berlin divided

• Churchill (1946): “an iron curtain has descended across the continent.”– Stalin views words as

a “call to war”

Communist

East

Democratic

West

Early Containment PoliciesEarly Containment Policies•Truman Doctrine 1947Truman Doctrine 1947: : USUS pledged to pledged to prevent further spread of prevent further spread of communismcommunism

•Sent $ to countries against Sent $ to countries against communismcommunism•1947: U.S. gave $400 million to Greece 1947: U.S. gave $400 million to Greece and Turkey to defeat and Turkey to defeat communistcommunist forces forces there.there.

•Marshall Plan 1948Marshall Plan 1948: : “European Recovery “European Recovery Program.”Program.”

•Developed by Secretary of State, Developed by Secretary of State, George MarshallGeorge Marshall

•$12.5 billion of $12.5 billion of USUS aid to aid to Western Western Europe Europe extended to extended to Eastern Europe Eastern Europe & USSR& USSR, [but Stalin rejected it]., [but Stalin rejected it].

Post-War Germany pg492Post-War Germany pg492

Berlin Blockade & Airlift Berlin Blockade & Airlift (1948-49)(1948-49)

• 1948 – Stalin tries to force Western Allies out of Berlin

• Sealed off railroads & Highways

• W. Allies launched Berlin Airlift – planes supplied E. Berlin with food and fuel – Lasted for almost a year

NNorth orth AAtlantic tlantic TTreaty reaty OOrganization (1949)rganization (1949)

United StatesUnited States

BelgiumBelgium

BritainBritain

CanadaCanada

DenmarkDenmark

FranceFrance

IcelandIceland

ItalyItaly

LuxemburgLuxemburg

NetherlandsNetherlands

NorwayNorway

PortugalPortugal

1952: Greece & 1952: Greece & Turkey Turkey

1955: West 1955: West GermanyGermany

1983: Spain1983: Spain

•Created in response to the threat of CommunismCreated in response to the threat of Communism

Warsaw Pact (1955)Warsaw Pact (1955)

} U. S. S. R.U. S. S. R.

} AlbaniaAlbania

} BulgariaBulgaria

} CzechoslovakCzechoslovakiaia

} East East GermanyGermany

} HungaryHungary

} PolandPoland

} RumaniaRumania

•Created in response to NATOCreated in response to NATO

•USSR dominated the Soviet satellites in East USSR dominated the Soviet satellites in East

EuropeEurope

NATO Warsaw Pact

Wonderful Wednesday, 4/30• Take your seat• Take out your notebook• Quietly review you vocabulary words

Vocab.Quiz – 1st 15 words for Unit 10

1.When finished bring quiz to me and quietly work on your notebook doing the following in the order they appear1. Add questions to the last set of notes2. Add at least 1 picture to your title page3. Work on any unanswered study guide

questions 1-8

Today’s Agenda

• Vocab Quiz / Precious TimeVocab Quiz / Precious Time

• Wrap-Up FN for “The Cold Wrap-Up FN for “The Cold War Begins”War Begins”

• FN: The Cold War P2FN: The Cold War P2

• HomeworkHomework– Catch up on any incomplete Catch up on any incomplete

notebook assignmentsnotebook assignments

The Cold War:Nuclear Escalation and Confrontation

V.

Today’s Standard

1.Explain and give specific examples of the development of brinkmanship between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. by participating in class discussion and taking Focused Notes.

2.Identify and explain the significance of the different ways in which the U.S. and U.S.S.R confronted each other throughout the Cold War. Focus Question How did Brinkmanship create a

dangerous arms race between the U.S. and U.S.S.R.? Give to

examples of how Brinkmanship nearly lead to war.

The Arms Race:The Arms Race:A “Missile Gap?”A “Missile Gap?”

} The Soviet The Soviet Union Union exploded its exploded its first A-bomb in first A-bomb in 1949.1949.

} Now there Now there were two were two nuclear nuclear superpowers!superpowers!

• US – Hydrogen bomb (1952)– 1,000 times more powerful

than A-bomb

• Soviets – H bomb (1953)

• Brinkmanship – willingness to go to the “brink” or edge (nuclear war)

• US & USSR stockpile nukes

The Arms Race:The Arms Race:The Nuclear ThreatThe Nuclear Threat

Side Note: The ‘Tsar’ BombThe Largest Bomb ever Tested (in northern Siberia)

was this 100 megaton thermonuclear (Hydrogen/fusion) bomb

Test of the Tsar Bomb – The Soviets modified their bomber and added a parachute to the 100 megaton

bomb in order for the plane to get away fast enough…

The “Tsar Bomb” – the largest bomb ever exploded on earth. The 100 megaton bomb could give 3rd degree burns at 100 km, broke windows in Finland… the largest manmade explosion in history. For what? To scare the U.S!

Premier Nikita Premier Nikita KhrushchevKhrushchev

•1953 Stalin Died1953 Stalin Died

•1955 Nikita Khrushchev in power1955 Nikita Khrushchev in power

•De-Stalinization programDe-Stalinization program•Openly condemned Stalin’sOpenly condemned Stalin’spolicies (terror, industry)policies (terror, industry)

““About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend on you on you whether we (Soviet Union) exist. If you don't whether we (Soviet Union) exist. If you don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and don't invite us to come to see you. Whether you like invite us to come to see you. Whether you like it or not, history is on our side. it or not, history is on our side. We will bury We will bury youyou.” -- 1956.” -- 1956

An Historic Irony: Sergei An Historic Irony: Sergei Khrushchev, American Khrushchev, American

CitizenCitizen

Who buried who?Who buried who?

• 1955 – SEATO/ ICBM

– Southeast Asia Treaty Organization – meant to solidify U.S. influence in Asia

– Intercontinental Ballistic Missile

Arms Race Expands

Sputnik I & Space Race Sputnik I & Space Race (1957)(1957)

The Russians have beaten America The Russians have beaten America in space—they have the in space—they have the

technological edge!technological edge!• US feels it’s falling behind SovietsUS feels it’s falling behind Soviets• US pours millions of US pours millions of $ $ into into

education: science, math, languageseducation: science, math, languages• US launches satellite (1958)US launches satellite (1958)

U-2 Spy Incident (1960)U-2 Spy Incident (1960)Col. Francis Gary Col. Francis Gary

Powers’ plane was Powers’ plane was shot down over shot down over Soviet airspace.Soviet airspace.

• U.S. denied plane’s purpose (Spy)U.S. denied plane’s purpose (Spy)• Eventually had to admit it – major U.S. Eventually had to admit it – major U.S.

embarrassmentembarrassment

Bay of Pigs Debacle Bay of Pigs Debacle (1961)(1961)

1.1.U.S Trained Cuban U.S Trained Cuban exiles to invade S. exiles to invade S. Cuba & overthrow Cuba & overthrow communist gov’tcommunist gov’t

2.Cuban forces 2.Cuban forces defeated U.S. defeated U.S. trained exiled trained exiled forces –forces –

3. U.S. was 3. U.S. was embarrassembarrass

eded

East-West Summit Paris, East-West Summit Paris, 19611961

Khrushchev & JFK meet to discuss Berlin Khrushchev & JFK meet to discuss Berlin and nuclear proliferation. Khrushchev and nuclear proliferation. Khrushchev

thinks that JFK is young, inexperienced, thinks that JFK is young, inexperienced, and can be rolled.and can be rolled.

• Built to stop Eastern Berliners from leaving Eastern Berlin.– August 13, 1961

• Becomes a symbol of the “Iron Curtain”

• Taken down on November 9, 1989

The Berlin Wall (1961)The Berlin Wall (1961)

Cuban Missile Crisis Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)(1962)

Cuban Missile Crisis Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)(1962)

Who Was Who Was Involved:Involved:

CastroCastro

JFKJFK

KhrushchevKhrushchev

What Happened?What Happened?• USSR built USSR built missile sites in missile sites in CubaCuba• U.S. demanded U.S. demanded

they be removed & they be removed & imposed a naval imposed a naval blockadeblockade

• U.S. and USSR went U.S. and USSR went head to head – almost head to head – almost ended in nuclear warended in nuclear war

• USSR agreed to USSR agreed to remove missiles IF the remove missiles IF the US would take their US would take their missiles out of Turkeymissiles out of Turkey

Cuban Missile Crisis Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)(1962)

We went eyeball-to-eyeball with the We went eyeball-to-eyeball with the Russians, and the other man blinked!Russians, and the other man blinked!

Cuban Missile Crisis Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)(1962)

Focus Question

How did Brinkmanship create a dangerous arms race between the U.S. and U.S.S.R.? Give to

examples of how Brinkmanship nearly lead to war.

6-8 Sentence Paragraph

2 Greens3 Yellows

1-2 Reds for each yellow

Focus Question 1What was the Cold War, why did it start and how did it divide

the world?

8 Sentence Paragraph

2 Greens3 Yellows

3 Reds