mass metrology, april 2003mass metrology - susceptometer, june 2007 sartorius susceptometer - for...
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Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Sartorius Susceptometer - for Precise Measurement of:Susceptibility and Magnetization of Weights
Benno GatzemeierMarket Manager Mass MetrologySartorius AG / Germany
June 2007
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Contents
: Introduction – Magnetic Properties of weights: Susceptometer Method: The Sartorius Susceptometer: Calibration Procedure and Factory Calibration: Long term stability of md
: Comparison Measurement
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Introduction
Influence Parameters in Mass Comparison :
• Air buoyancy• Contamination• Air draft• Object temperature• Magnetic properties
The golden rule in metrology is:Factors that influence the measurement are switched off, kept constant or considered.
• Magnetic properties
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Magnetic properties
The OIML R111 recommends to check the magnetic properties.
Standard Weights with a Susceptibility
MagnetN
S
Magnetic Forces
F
Susceptibility
Standard Weightwith Magnetization
Magnetic Forces
F
Magnetization
N
S
N
S
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: The new OIML R111
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Susceptibility and Magnetization 0M (µT)
Susceptibility
0 a( ( ) )
zV
F dVz
H
M H
VHHz
µF
d2
0z VH
zMµ zz
d0
zF
H
zF
H - Hz
Magnetization 0M (µT)
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Recommended methods regarding the R111
E1 E2 F1 F25000kg1000kg S Susceptometer100kg S*50kg F fluxgate + permanent magnet
100g A attracting method50g Sp material specification10g2g1g1mg
F and A are prefered
OIML new R111 Table B.3(b)-SusceptibilityWeight
Sp SpSp
S / A S / AS S
S* / F / AS* / F / A
Sp
S* / F / A
S / F S / F / A S / F / A S / F / A
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Recommended methods regarding the R111
Permeability Indicator Gauss meter
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: The Susceptometer Principe - Regarding the OIML R111
F1
F1 = - m1 * g
Susceptibility:
Fa =F1 + F2
2
=f (Fa...)
Magnetization:
Fb =F1 - F2
2
µ0MZ =f (Fb...)
F2
F2 = - m2 * g
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: The Susceptometer Principe - Regarding the OIML R111
The R111 describes methods for the determination of the magnetic properties.
One of them is the Susceptometer principle.
A) Magnet
B) Weighing Pan
C) Bridge
D) Gauge blocks
E) Test Weight
F) Pedestal
F
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Sartorius Suszeptometer
The building guidance was the R111:
• A micro mass comparator • Internal magnet
• 5 different distances Z0
• Load plate for weights up to 50 kg • Software to compute the
formulae • Determination of:
- Susceptibility “ “- Magnetization “0M” (T)
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Vertical Distances Z0; Magnet <-> Weight
Magnet with md produces a maximum field H
Field H should not exceed initially:H 2000 A/m when testing class E1 H 800 A/m when testing class E2H 200 A/m for classes F1 and F2.
This is important to avoid permanent magnetization.Distance may be reduced only if the Susceptometer signal is too weak.
302 Zπ
mH d
Class Marking Colour of marking
Nominal Z0 in mm
Field H in A/m E1 E2 F1 F2
Z5 Green 43 200 Z4 Yellow 35 360 Z3 Yellow 27 800 Z2 Red 20 2000 Z1 Red 18 2700
Table 1: Initial values for testing class E1, E2, F1 and F2, magnetic (dipole) moment md 0.1 Am2
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Computation factors for Susceptibility and Magnetization:
• Weighing Result of the Magnet H
• Distance Z0 : Magnet <-> Weight H
• Geometry of the test weight S
• magnetic (dipole) moment md [Am2] S
• gravitational acceleration [m/s2] S
• Local magnet field BEZ –48-60 [µT] S
To measure the Magnetization, we have to rotate the magnet!H
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
3
2
1
214
1
o3
2
o
2o4
1
oa
1
31
1
31
1
)Z
R(
)Z/R(
Z
Z
)Z
R(
)Z/R(
Z
ZI
w
w
w
w
: Calculation of the Magnetic properties
232
o1
o
3
o
1
2
o
232
o
2
ob
11
2/
w
w
/
w
w
Z/Z
Z/R
Z
Z/
Z
R
Z
R
Z
R
I
a
a max a0.4
F
I F F
40
20
max 64
3
Z
m
π
μF d
221
a
FFF
221
b
FFF
EZb
0
d
b0 23.01
4
BI
Z
mF
Mµ Z
Calculation of the susceptibility
Calculation of the Magnetization
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: The vertical rotation mechanics of the magnet
• Changes the orientation of the magnet
• Parts:Magnet Pedestal GearKnob
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Application Software
• Easy operating• Step by step guide through the measurement procedure• Initial distance is proposed• Results via a serial connection• Calculations, report and export• Recalibrating the necessary constants• Default parameters and user defined configurations• Shape description, OIML knob weights predefined• Export and import function for the sharp of the weights
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 1. Select weighing geometry
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Own cylinder - Geometry of the test weight
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 2. Input parameter
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 3. Remove test weight
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 4 Adjust vertical position Z2
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 5. Adjust test magnet to position “N”
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 6. Tare balance : 7. Place test weight
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 8. Determine measured value m1 for Z4 : 9. Remove test weight
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 10. Adjust test magnet to position “S”
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 11. Tare balance : 12. Load test weight
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: 13. Determine measured value m2 for Z5 : 14. Remove test weight
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Push result button
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
: Technical specifications Sartorius Susceptometer
• Base area 338 x 286 mm• Height 249 mm• Maximum load 50 kg• Dipole moment of the magnet m ~ 0.1 Am2
• Geometry ratio of the magnet h/d = 0.87• Height Z0 adjustable in fixed steps Z1=18 / Z2=20 / Z3=27 / Z4=35
/ Z5=43mm• Field strength 2700 / 2000 / 800 / 360 / 200
A/m• Readability of the Mass Comparator 10 µg or 1 µg• Reverse gear for magnet external rotary knob with N-S marking
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Calibration, check of the Susceptometer
1. Calibration of the Mass comparator (10 g)
2. Using a Susceptibility Referencewith certificate of the susceptibility
3. Measure the Susceptibility Reference on the Sartorius Susceptometer
4. Compare the result of the Susceptometer with the PTB-certificate.
5. The difference has to be less than 10%
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Factory calibration
• We use a 1 kg stainless steel susceptibility standard (=0.004069)
• Additional information is used as check for the factory calibration:
– Value of the vertical distance Z0 from the mechanical adjustments in the manufacturing
– We use always the same three additional magnets.historical data (md )
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
1. Calibration of the mass comparatoruses a 10 g weight
2. Calibration of the dipole moment md, uses 3 additional magnets and measure the forces between each pair of magnets6 equations and 4 unknown dipole moments
3. Calibration of the distance Z0,uses a susceptibility standard at known
Calibration procedure / Adjustment
F1-2
F1-4 F2-3
F1-3
F3-4
F2-4
PTB
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Comparison Measurement
Our references Susceptibilities4 x NPL Standards 1 x PTB Standard
Question: Calibration with susceptibility standard : =0.00401 Application range : 0 < 1
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Our Susceptibility standards
PTB2419
NPL1005
NPL 1024
NPL11 NPL16
0.00401 0.0055 0.02657
0.1173 0.693
U() k=2 0.00004 0.00005 0.000205
0.00056 0.0034
H in kA/m 5.0 2.7 2.0 0.8 0.2
Diameter in mm
59 40 40 40 25
Height in mm
45 27 25 27 25
Position Z1 Z1 Z2 Z3 Z5
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Comparison Measurement
Calibration with
/
PTB2419
0.00401
NPL10050.0055
NPL 10240.02657
NPL110.1173
NPL160.693
PTB2419 0.0 % -3.3 % -4.8% -5.2 % -5.8 %
NPL1005 3.1% 0.0 % -1.9 % -2.9 % -4.0 %
NPL1024 5.1 % 2.1% 0.0 % -1.5 % -2.8 %
NPL11 7.1 % 4.3 % 1.9% 0.0 % -1.6%
NPL16 10.0 % 7.3 % 4.6 % 2.1 % 0.0 %
Cathetometer
10.7 % 8.0 % 5.3 % 2.6 % 0.4 %
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Susceptibility Reference PTB 2419
0,00390
0,00395
0,00400
0,00405
0,00410
0,00415
2002 2003 2004 2005
Long term stability of our reference Susceptibility
The change of the Susceptibility is in the range of the uncertainty and less than 2 %
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Long term stability of our reference magnets md
Mass Metrology, April 2003Mass Metrology - Susceptometer, June 2007
Thank you for your attention
Benno GatzemeierMass Metrology
Sartorius AG / Germany