massachusetts state police collision analysis and ...07. the collision locus was electronically...
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Status: Approved Approved by: #Sergeant Joseph Foglietta ID# 2738
Massachusetts State Police
Collision Reconstruction Report
CASE #
Related Case#
2016-CAR-000179
Requesting Agency: Cambridge
Primary Investigating Officer: Officer Jerry Jean-Baptiste
Reconstructionist Assigned: Trooper David C Bergeron, #3534
Agency
Team
Cambridge
Northeast
Date Rec'd: 23 Jun 2016 Time Rec'd: 1304 Class: Traffic, Crash - Fatal
CollisionOccurred:
City/Town
CAMBRIDGE
County
MIDDLESEX
Day
Thursday
Date
23 Jun 2016
Time
12:13
Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Section
This document may contain sensitive information regulated pursuant to G.L.c.4 7(26). Additionally,information contained in this document and any attachment may or may not be part of an ongoingMassachusetts State Police and/or local police investigation. Any disclosure, dissemination or copyingof this report by persons not authorized by the Department of State Police or the District Attorney'sOffice of jurisdiction is strictly prohibited. Please forward any requests for this report to the followingaddress:
Massachusetts State PoliceCollision Analysis and Reconstruction Section
485 Maple StreetDanvers, MA 01923
Status: Approved Approved by: #Sergeant Joseph Foglietta ID# 2738
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
2016-CAR-000179
6/23/16 12:13 PMCollision Analysis and Reconstruction SectionTrooper Bergeron, David
# Vehicles: # Injured:Speed Limit:3
1
CAMBRIDGE STREET & ANTRIM STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA
Collision Reconstruction Report
Requesting Agency: Cambridge Requesting Agency Case#: 12004454 OUI Related: No
On Call: No
Latitude: 42.373834 Longitude: -71.101488
Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Section
Cause Determination: Operator/Human, Non-Motorist, Bicyclist
Crash - FatalArrival Time: 2016-06-23 14:30:28 Cleared Time: 2016-06-23 18:00:28
Charges: No
Secondary Cause #1 Determination:
Secondary Cause #2 Determination:
UAS used?: No UAS Notes:
1 - Daylight2 - Cloudy1 - No controls
Yes1 - Dry
1 - Not at intersection
Light:Weather:Traffic Ctrl:Ctrl Function:Road Surface:
InterSection:
Trafficway:School Bus:Work Zone:Collision:1st Harmful:
1st Harmful Location:
1 - Two-way, not dividedNoNo4 - Sideswipe, same directionParked motor vehicle
1 - Roadway
Vehicle# 1 Reg# MA PAN 1999 CHEROKJeep
Insurance Co:Veh Config:Hit/Run:
Moped:
Travel Direction:
Respond Emerg:
Driver Contributing:
2 - Light truck (Van, mini-van. pick-up. SUV)No
No
No 1 - No Improper Driving Under/Override: 1 - None
Event Seq. 4:
Event Seq. 3:
Event Seq. 2:
Event Seq. 1: 4 - CyclistCyclistMost Harmful:
Action Prior: 11 - Parked
7Damaged Area(s)
Damage > $1000 No
8
1
2 3
9
7 6
5
4
9
Tow Company: NOT TOWED LOG ONLY Tow Reason:
CDR: No CDR Supported: No
Owner/Operator: Veh # 1
SOMERVILLE MA 021431969
Male
MA1
Seat Position:Safety System:Airbag Status:
1 - Front seat - left seat (or99 - Unknown4 - Not Deployed
Airbag Switch: 99 - UnknownEject Code: 0 - Not ejectedTrap Code: 0 - Not trappedInjury Status: 5 - No InjuryTransported: 1 - Not transported
DOB:Sex:Lic Num:Lic State:Restrictions:CDL END:
MedicalFac.Medical Examiner: ME Notified and Came To:
Body Removed To: Next of Kin Notified By:
Citation/Charge(s)
Vehicle# 2 Reg# MA CON 2014
Insurance Co:Veh Config:Hit/Run:
Moped:
Travel Direction:
Respond Emerg:
Driver Contributing:
6 - Single unit truck (2 axles,6 tires)No
No
W
No 1 - No Improper Driving Under/Override: 3 - Override
Event Seq. 4:
Event Seq. 3:
Event Seq. 2:
Event Seq. 1: 4 - CyclistCyclistMost Harmful:
Action Prior: 1 - Travelling Straight ahead
0Damaged Area(s)
Damage > $1000 No
8
1
2 3
9
7 6
5
4
9
Tow Company: Coady's Towing Tow Reason: Crash
Towed
CDR: No CDR Supported: No
Officer Name Signature ID# Station Date
Collision Analysis andTrooper Bergeron, David 3534 10/22/2018
Status: Approved Approved by: #Sergeant Joseph Foglietta ID# 2738
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
2016-CAR-000179
Collision Reconstruction Report
Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Section
UAS used?: No UAS Notes:
Owner: Veh # 2
,Cambridge Landscape CO INC
100 Smith PlaceCambridge MA 02138
01/01/1900
Seat Position:Safety System:Airbag Status:Airbag Switch:Eject Code:Trap Code:Injury Status:Transported:
DOB:Sex:Lic Num:Lic State:Restrictions:CDL END:
MedicalFac.Medical Examiner: ME Notified and Came To:
Body Removed To: Next of Kin Notified By:
Citation/Charge(s)
Driver: Veh # 2
WOBURN MA 018011950
Male
MA1
Seat Position:Safety System:Airbag Status:
1 - Front seat - left seat (or99 - Unknown4 - Not Deployed
Airbag Switch: 99 - UnknownEject Code: 0 - Not ejectedTrap Code: 0 - Not trappedInjury Status: 5 - No InjuryTransported: 1 - Not transported
DOB:Sex:Lic Num:Lic State:Restrictions:CDL END:
MedicalFac.Medical Examiner: ME Notified and Came To:
Body Removed To: Next of Kin Notified By:
Citation/Charge(s)
Passenger: Veh # 2
ALLSTON MA 021341970
Male
MA1
Seat Position:Safety System:Airbag Status:
3 - Front seat - right side99 - Unknown4 - Not Deployed
Airbag Switch: 99 - UnknownEject Code: 0 - Not ejectedTrap Code: 0 - Not trappedInjury Status: 5 - No InjuryTransported: 1 - Not transported
DOB:Sex:Lic Num:Lic State:Restrictions:CDL END:
MedicalFac.Medical Examiner: ME Notified and Came To:
Body Removed To: Next of Kin Notified By:
Citation/Charge(s)
Truck/Bus Info:
Officer Name Signature ID# Station Date
Collision Analysis andTrooper Bergeron, David 3534 10/22/2018
Status: Approved Approved by: #Sergeant Joseph Foglietta ID# 2738
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
2016-CAR-000179
Collision Reconstruction Report
Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Section
UAS used?: No UAS Notes:
Cargo Body:
Gross Weight:Carrier Address:
US DOT Number:
US DOT State #:
Issuing State :
ICC Number:
US DOT InterState:
Trailer Reg:Reg Type:Reg State:Reg Year:Length:
Hazmat Placard Material # Material Name Material 4-Digit Release Code
Vehicle# 3 Reg# MA TRN 1999 UTILIT
Insurance Co:Veh Config:Hit/Run:
Moped:
Travel Direction:
Respond Emerg:
Driver Contributing:
8 - Truck/trailerNo
No
W
No 1 - No Improper Driving Under/Override:
Event Seq. 4:
Event Seq. 3:
Event Seq. 2:
Event Seq. 1:Most Harmful:Action Prior: 1 - Travelling Straight ahead
0Damaged Area(s)
Damage > $1000 No
8
1
2 3
9
7 6
5
4
9
Tow Company: Coady's Towing Tow Reason: Crash
CDR: No CDR Supported: No
Owner: Veh # 3
GARDNER MA 014401963
Male
Seat Position:Safety System:Airbag Status:Airbag Switch:Eject Code:Trap Code:Injury Status:Transported:
DOB:Sex:Lic Num:Lic State:Restrictions:CDL END:
MedicalFac.Medical Examiner: ME Notified and Came To:
Body Removed To: Next of Kin Notified By:
Citation/Charge(s)
Truck/Bus Info:
Cargo Body:
Gross Weight:Carrier Address:
US DOT Number:
US DOT State #:
Issuing State :
ICC Number:
US DOT InterState:
Trailer Reg:Reg Type:Reg State:Reg Year:Length:
Hazmat Placard Material # Material Name Material 4-Digit Release Code
Officer Name Signature ID# Station Date
Collision Analysis andTrooper Bergeron, David 3534 10/22/2018
Status: Approved Approved by: #Sergeant Joseph Foglietta ID# 2738
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
2016-CAR-000179
Collision Reconstruction Report
Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Section
UAS used?: No UAS Notes:
1988DOB
MGHMedicalFac.
CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138
PHILLIPS , AMANDA N
FemaleGender
2 - Walking, Running or cyclingAction
4 - In roadwayLocation
2 - CyclistType1 - Apparently NormalCondition1 - Fatal injuryInjuryStatus2 - EMSTransport
Non Motorist
Medical Examiner:
Body Removed To:
ME Notified and Came To:
Next of Kin Notified By:
Narrative
By Trooper David C Bergeron 3534
It should be noted that the following synopsis is a brief outline or generalview of the facts surrounding this incident.
01. Shortly after noon on Thursday, June 23, 2016, Mr. DOB: 1969was operating a 1999 Jeep Cherokee, bearing Massachusetts passenger registration . Mr.
was travelling westbound on Cambridge Street in the City of Cambridge. Upon reaching theintersection with Antrim Street, Mr. parked his Jeep in a marked parking space west of theintersection and along the northern edge of Cambridge Street.
02. Simultaneously, Ms. Amanda N. Phillips DOB: 1988 was riding a bicycle westbound onCambridge Street and was approaching the location of the parked Jeep. Ms. Phillips was riding her bicycletoward the right side of the roadway and was slightly ahead of a 2014 International single axle dump truck,registered to Cambridge Landscape Co. Inc., towing a hydroseed trailer, operated by Mr. DOB: 1950. Travelling westbound and directly behind the dump truck was an MBTA bus, operatedby Ms. DOB: 1986.
03. Mr. opened the driver’s door of the Jeep. Subsequently, the bicycle struck the opendoor of the Jeep. The bicycle overturned and Ms. Phillips travelled along the road surface before enteringthe path of travel of the dump truck and becoming lodged under the right rear tires of the truck. Mr. was alerted and moved his truck so that assistance could be rendered to Ms. Phillips. As a result of thecrash, Ms. Phillips sustained serious, life-threatening injuries and was transported to MassachusettsGeneral Hospital, where she was subsequently pronounced deceased.
Trooper David C Bergeron #3534 Trooper David C Bergeron #3534
Officer Name Signature ID# Station Date
Collision Analysis andTrooper Bergeron, David 3534 10/22/2018
Status: Approved Approved by: #Sergeant Joseph Foglietta ID# 2738
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
2016-CAR-000179
Collision Reconstruction Report
Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Section
UAS used?: No UAS Notes:
Officer Name Signature ID# Station Date
Collision Analysis andTrooper Bergeron, David 3534 10/22/2018
- 2 -
COLLISION LOCUS
Exhibit One – Collision Locus Viewed from the South
04. This incident occurred on Cambridge Street, near the intersection with Antrim Street, in
the City of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Cambridge Street is a public way, as defined under
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 90 Section 1 and is under the care of the City of
Cambridge Department of Public Works. Primary jurisdiction on this roadway falls under the
City of Cambridge Police Department. Cambridge Street runs generally east and west in
direction. Moreover, Cambridge Street is an undivided roadway supporting one travel lane
westbound and two travel lanes eastbound. The edge of road to both the north and the south was
defined by vertical granite curbing and concrete sidewalks. In addition to the travel lanes,
marked parking spaces were found along both the northern and southern edges of road, adjacent
to the travel lanes. These spaces were marked by solid white lines. A double yellow line
separated the eastbound lanes from the westbound lanes. A solid white line separated the first
eastbound travel lane from the second eastbound travel lane. Painted markings in the travel lanes
directed bicyclists to travel in the rightmost travel lane available for the direction of travel.
According to the City of Cambridge Community Development Department, this section of
Cambridge Street is part of the Inman Square commercial district. See Exhibit One – Collision
Locus Viewed from the South.
05. The road surface is composed of asphalt. At the time of the crash, the road surface was
dry. No contributory defects or debris were noted. According to U.S. Naval Observatory data,
sunrise on Thursday, June 23, 2016 occurred at 0508 hours with a beginning civil twilight of
- 3 -
0433 hours, whereas sunset occurred at 2025 hours with an ending civil twilight of 2100 hours,
showing that this crash occurred well within daylight hours. At the time of the crash, the
temperature was approximately 76° Fahrenheit with partly cloudy skies. No precipitation was
recorded on this date prior to the time of the crash.
ON SCENE INVESTIGATION
06. On Thursday, June 23, 2016, at 1304 hours, this Trooper was dispatched to this incident.
Upon my arrival on scene at approximately 1430 hours, I met with Officer Jerry Jean-Baptiste of
the City of Cambridge Police Department. Officer Jean-Baptiste relayed to me the preliminary
facts of the case. Subsequently, an investigation of the crash scene was initiated. The scene was
photographed by Trooper Karrol Setalsingh #1875 of Crime Scene Services Section – Boston.
Exhibit Two – Final Rest Diagram
07. The collision locus was electronically surveyed utilizing a Topcon theodolite and FC-100
data acquisition system. The documented evidence includes the final rest positions of the
landscaping truck and trailer, the Jeep Cherokee, and the MBTA bus. Also documented were the
location of the bicycle and the helmet being used by Ms. Phillips as they were found upon my
arrival on scene. I was made aware that these objects were placed here after the crash and had
been moved from their original final rest location. See Exhibit Two – Final Rest Diagram.
- 4 -
VEHICLE EXAMINATION
08. Some observations regarding the condition of the Jeep were made at the scene. Overall,
the 1999 Jeep Cherokee, color: red, VIN: bearing Massachusetts
passenger registration , appeared to be in good condition prior to the crash. Affixed to
the lower passenger corner of the windshield was Massachusetts passing inspection sticker
# , set to expire on the last day of December 2016. At inspection, the odometer read
147,191 miles. All four wheels of the Jeep were equipped with Michelin LTX mud and snow
rated tires of size P235/75R15 with load index 108 and speed rating ‘T’. The tires appeared to
be adequately inflated and to have sufficient tread depth based on the tread wear indicators on
the tires. The information sticker located at the driver’s door recommended tires of size
P215/75R15. The damage to the vehicle appeared to be limited to a dent and scratch on the
inside edge of the driver’s door. The bicycle was placed standing up next to the Jeep and it
appeared that this damage was consistent with the height of the handlebars on the bicycle, which
was approximately 36 inches up from the ground. See Exhibit Three – Jeep Photograph,
Exhibit Four – Door Damage Photograph, and Exhibit Five – Measured Height Photographs.
Exhibit Three – Jeep Photograph
- 5 -
Exhibit Four – Door Damage Photograph
Exhibit Five – Measured Height Photographs
- 6 -
09. Trooper Paul Powell #1747 of the Commercial Vehicle Enforcement Section performed
an examination of the landscaping truck at the scene and compiled his findings in a separate
report.
NHTSA RECALLS
10. A query by VIN of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration website revealed
no open recalls for the 1999 Jeep Cherokee.
WITNESS STATEMENTS
11. The following is a brief summary of select witness statements documented by Cambridge
Police Department.
12. Mr. , the operator of the Jeep. Mr. stated that he parked his
vehicle at a parking meter on Cambridge Street. He looked at his driver side window and
rear view mirror and they were clear. He then opened his car door and as he placed his
foot on the pavement, the bike clipped his car door. Mr. also stated that the
bicyclist seemed to be travelling very fast.
13. Ms. , the MBTA bus operator. Ms. stated that, prior to the crash, she
was travelling westbound on Cambridge Street and had just crossed over Antrim Street
when she noticed a female cyclist riding at the pace of motor vehicle traffic. The cyclist
was travelling on the sidewalk on Hampshire Street onto Cambridge Street. The cyclist
jumped off the curb just behind a parked red Jeep. The Jeep was legally parked at a
meter space in front of Vellucci park. The cyclist swerved into the travel lane then
collided with the open driver side door of the Jeep.
14. Ms. , a passenger of the MBTA bus. Ms. stated she was
sitting on the right side of the bus with a clear view through the windshield. Just after
crossing Hampshire Street, she noticed a bike enter Cambridge Street from the right, also
heading west, riding just ahead of the bus, between the landscaping truck in front of the
bus and the parked cars. She observed the bicycle “move slightly to the left” before
overturning on its right side and sliding under the truck. Ms. did not observe
the “SUV mentioned in news reports.”
15. Ms. , a bystander and third-party witness. Ms. stated she
was at the bus stop right after the park standing under a tree. Looking to her left, she
could see a Cambridge landscaping truck, a car, and a bus. She saw an SUV parked on
the side of the road and the operator opened the door. The bicyclist came from behind
the SUV. The door was opened a couple of seconds, but she did not see the Jeep operator
exit the vehicle. She did not see the actual impact.
- 7 -
RECORDED VIDEO EVIDENCE
16. Cambridge Police Department spoke with employees at Inman Pharmacy, located across
the street from the crash scene, and discovered that the exterior video cameras at the pharmacy
had recorded video of the collision. One of the cameras, labeled as CAM14, faces in a westerly
direction on Cambridge Street, and the other camera, labeled as CAM16, faces in an easterly
direction on Cambridge Street.
17. CAM14. The Jeep first comes into view from the right at timestamp 12:12:42. The Jeep
then parks in the marked parking space on the right side of the road and is clearly stopped in this
spot by timestamp 12:12:48. The driver’s door of the Jeep appears to open at timestamp
12:12:58. At this same time, the bicyclist can be seen entering the camera’s view from the right.
The bicyclist is approaching the Jeep and is just ahead of the landscaping truck. Subsequently,
the landscaping truck passes the Jeep and simultaneously obscures the impact between the
bicycle and the Jeep from the camera’s view. The landscaping truck appears to come to a
complete stop just ahead of the Jeep by 12:13:02. See Exhibit Six – CAM14 Screenshots.
Exhibit Six – CAM14 Screenshots
- 8 -
18. CAM16. The Jeep is in view at the very beginning of the video at timestamp 12:12:38.
The bicycle first comes into view at timestamp 12:12:55. The bicycle remains in view from
12:12:56 through 12:12:57. During this time, the image of the bicyclist changes in a manner that
appears consistent with jumping the curb, as described by Ms. the MBTA bus operator.
See Exhibit Seven – CAM16 Screenshots.
Exhibit Seven – CAM16 Screenshots
(continued next page)
- 9 -
Exhibit Seven – CAM16 Screenshots
(continued from previous page)
SUMMARY STATEMENT
19. All of the facts and circumstances of this collision are not known. The facts and
conclusions presented in this narrative are based on this officer’s training and experience as well
as the evidence compiled during the course of this investigation. The following conclusions
should be considered within a reasonable scientific certainty.
20. Under Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 90 Section 14, Mr. , the operator
of the Jeep, had a responsibility to open his door only when it was reasonably safe to do so
without interfering with the movement of other traffic, including bicyclists and pedestrians.
Based on the video evidence provided by CAM14, it appears that Mr. opened his
door just before Ms. Phillips, the bicyclist, struck it, limiting the time available to her to take
action to avoid the collision. Despite this, Mr. stated that he checked his mirrors
before opening the door and that his view was clear. The witnesses to this crash indicate that
Ms. Phillips jumped the curb and entered the roadway from behind the Jeep. The video evidence
- 10 -
provided by CAM16 appears to corroborate these statements. This lends credibility to Mr.
’s statement that his view was clear. Had his attention been directed toward the
driver’s side rear of his vehicle at the same time Ms. Phillips jumped the curb, Ms. Phillips
would likely have been positioned off the roadway or on the passenger side of the Jeep, not
apparently approaching the driver’s side of the Jeep. Consequently, Mr. ’s view
likely would have been clear, as he stated. Taking into consideration the speed at which Ms.
Phillips was travelling reinforces the conclusion that this crash was likely unavoidable on the
part of Mr. , the operator of the Jeep. Under Massachusetts General
Laws Chapter 85 Section 11B, bicyclists are only authorized operation on sidewalks outside
business districts when necessary in the interest of safety. This collision likely could have been
avoided had Ms. Phillips rode her bicycle consistently in the rightmost travel lane as directed by
the painted markings on the road surface and did not jump the curb onto the sidewalk as was
prohibited. This would have made her more visible to other persons in the area, including Mr.
and allowed him to take precautions for safety accordingly.
*The facts and conclusions presented in this narrative are based on the evidence and materials
reviewed to date and are subject to revision should further evidence materialize.
Respectfully submitted,
David C. Bergeron, #3534
Trooper, Massachusetts State Police
Collision Analysis & Reconstruction Section
#2969
O
N
LY
DRAWING BY:
DRAWING NAME:
Massachusetts State Police
Collision Analysis &
Reconstruction Section
Northeast Team - AHQ Danvers
485 Maple Street
Danvers, MA 01923
2016-CAR-000179 CAMBRIDGE
DATE: SCALE:
DRAWING LOCUS
Cambridge Street @ Antrim Street
Cambridge, MA 02139
06/23/2016
TPR David C. Bergeron #3534
0
SCALE IN FEET
40 40
1"= 40'
This document may contain sensitive information regulated pursuant to G.L.c.4 7(26).
Additionally, information contained in this document and any attachment may or may
not be part of an ongoing Massachusetts State Police and/or local police investigation.
Any disclosure, dissemination or copying of this map by persons not authorized by the
Department of State Police or the District Attorney's Office of jurisdiction is strictly
prohibited.
COPYRIGHT © MASSACHUSETTS STATE POLICE - C.A.R.S., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Final Rest
N
Helmet
Bicycle
Dump Truck
with Trailer
MBTA Bus
Jeep Cherokee
Cambridge Street
Hampshire Street
Antrim Street
Inman Pharmacy
Map prepared by Brendan Monroe on February 23, 2012. CDD GIS C:\Projects\Env_Trans\Bicycle\SidewalkBan\BanAreaInman.mxd
You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
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6:54 PM 68 ° F 59 ° F 73 % ESE 8 mph 0 mph 29.8 in 0.0 in 0.0 in Mostly Cloudy
7:54 PM 67 ° F 60 ° F 79 % N 7 mph 0 mph 29.8 in 0.0 in 0.0 in Mostly Cloudy
8:54 PM 67 ° F 60 ° F 79 % N 8 mph 0 mph 29.8 in 0.0 in 0.0 in Mostly Cloudy
9:54 PM 66 ° F 58 ° F 75 % NNE 7 mph 0 mph 29.9 in 0.0 in 0.0 in Mostly Cloudy
10:54 PM 65 ° F 57 ° F 75 % NNE 7 mph 0 mph 29.9 in 0.0 in 0.0 in Fair
11:54 PM 63 ° F 56 ° F 78 % NNE 7 mph 0 mph 29.9 in 0.0 in 0.0 in Fair
Time Temperature Dew Point Humidity Wind Wind Speed Wind Gust Pressure Precip. Precip Accum Condition