UNIVERSITY OF PIRAEUS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS

MSc in ECONOMIC & BUSINESS STRATEGY

Guidelines for Writing the Master Thesis

Piraeus 2016

1

Guidelines for Writing a Master Thesis or Dissertation

A Master Thesis or Dissertation is required in order to obtain the degree of the MSc Program in “Economic and Business Strategy” of the Department of Economics of the University of Piraeus. Therefore, all postgraduate students are advised to use the same format for writing their Master Thesis. The purpose of the Thesis is strictly academic and, therefore, the chosen topic should not only be well-elaborated, but all results and conclusions should be well-grounded, based at least on either theoretical or empirical research. Thesis is an intellectual property of the author and the academic institution, thus, its content should be unique and original. It is strictly forbidden the word by word or by translation reproduction of any text part from a published source without citation. Such an action constitutes plagiarism, and raises Ethical Issues regarding intellectual rights. The author of the Thesis bears the full responsibility for the consequences incurred by any act of plagiarism. The purpose of this handbook is to provide students with the necessary guidelines for writing the Master Thesis. These guidelines are rules which should be strictly followed by all students. This handbook consists of three sections: a) The Structure of the Thesis, which analyzes all the parts included in the Thesis, b) The General Principles of Writing the Master Thesis, providing all the details for how to write the Thesis, c) Author’s Responsibilities, which describes the processes of supporting and delivering the Thesis, d) The Sample, which includes illustrations and samples of Thesis’ main part. A) Thesis Structure The structure of the thesis consists of the following sections: 1. Cover 2. Preliminary Part 3. Main Part 4. Supplementary Part Their content as well as their writing format are presented in detail in the following section. Additionally, indicative illustrations are also presented in the Sample. 1. Cover The cover of the Master Thesis is written in both Greek and English language. The cover in Greek language is displayed in the first page of the Master Thesis and it should include the following details: • Πανεπιστηµίο Πειραιώς • Τµήµα Οικονοµικής Επιστήµης

2

• Πρόγραµµα Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών στην Οικονοµική και Επιχειρησιακή Στρατηγική • Thesis’ title in Greek • Author’s Name in Greek • A special note in Greek stating: Διπλωµατική Εργασία υποβληθείσα στο Τµήµα Οικονοµικών Επιστηµών του Πανεπιστηµίου Πειραιώς ως µέρος των απαιτήσεων για την απόκτηση Μεταπτυχιακού Διπλώµατος Ειδίκευσης στην Οικονοµική και Επιχειρησιακή Στρατηγική • Πειραιάς, month and date of the submission of Thesis written in Greek. The cover in English language should have the same format as the one in Greek and on the following odd-number page, the 3rd page of the Thesis. More specifically, the cover in English language should include the following details: • University of Piraeus • Department of Economics • Master Program in Economic and Business Strategy • Thesis’ Title in English • Author’s Name in English • A special note in English stating: Master Thesis submitted to the Department of Economics of the

University of Piraeus in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Economic and Business Strategy • Piraeus, Greece, Month in English and year of submission. Both cover pages do not carry a page number. More details regarding their writing format as well as an in-depth presentation of the covers is included in the Sample. 2. Preliminary Part Following the Cover section is the Preliminary Part, where the following information are listed sequentially, some of which are not compulsory. Dedication The dedication page is optional. If used, it is placed at the middle right part of the fifth page of Thesis. The dedication page does not carry a page number. More details regarding the writing format of the dedication page are included in the Sample. Acknowledgments The acknowledgment page is also optional. If used, it is placed at the upper part of the seventh page of Thesis, taking into account that there is a dedication page; otherwise, it is placed on the fifth page under the title “Acknowledgment”. More details regarding the writing format of this page can be found in the Sample.

3

Abstract in Greek

A Greek abstract is required. The order of the displayed items on this page is the following: a) Master Thesis title, b) Keywords, c) Short description of the discussed topic.

The Greek abstract should be written on an odd-number page, which is always numbered. If there are any dedications or acknowledgements, the abstract appears on the ninth page and, in case none of these items exists, the abstract appears on the fifth page of the Thesis. Finally, if one of these two items does not exist, then the abstract should appear on the seventh page of the Thesis.

If the abstract exceeds one page then it continues normally to the following pages, i.e., even-number pages, which should also be always numbered. Namely, it is written book-wise.

Guidelines for abstract page numbering are presented in the General Principles of Writing the Master Thesis, while a typical presentation is also provided in the Sample.

Abstract in English

An English abstract is required. The displayed items on this page are the same with those of the Greek abstract, translated into English and under the following terms: a) Master Thesis title, b) Keywords, c) Abstract.

The page of the English abstract is the next odd-number one after the last Greek abstract page and is always numbered. Thus, if the Greek abstract appears, for example, on the ninth page of the Thesis, then the English abstract should appear on the eleventh page, while the tenth page should remain blank and unnumbered, unless there is a Greek abstract text written on it.

A typical presentation of the English abstract form is given in the Sample.

Table of Contents

A content list is required and its pages should be numbered and display in order all the Thesis parts analytically, including the preliminaries, which should also be numbered.

The content list appears after the English abstract and it is always on an odd-number page. For example, if the English abstract appears on the eleventh page, the contents will appear on the thirteenth page of the Thesis provided that the English abstract does not exceed two pages.

Specific guidelines for content page numbering are presented in the General Principles of Writing the Master Thesis.

Table Index

If there are any tables included in the Thesis, then a table index should be created.

The table index appears after the contents and always on an odd-number page while its pages should be numbered. It includes, in ascending order, all the tables presented in the Thesis body along with their title and page number.

4

Guidelines for table numbering and display are provided in the General Principles of Writing the Master Thesis.

Figure Index

If there are any charts included in the Thesis, then a chart index should be created.

The chart index appears after the table index and on an odd-number page, while its pages should be numbered. It includes, in ascending order, all the charts presented in the thesis body along with their title and page number.

Guidelines for chart numbering and display are shown in the General Principles of Writing the Master Thesis.

Finally, details about the display of both optional and non-optional pages are provided in the Sample.

3. Main Part In the main part, the topic of the Thesis is analyzed divided into several chapters. The writing of each Chapter is subject to certain rules. Initial Page The first page of each Chapter is called initial page and it should always appear on an odd-number page. The number of each chapter should appear with bold, upper case letters, e.g., CHAPTER 1, at the top of the page and symmetrically (center) following by the title of the chapter, such as FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF MARKET ANALYSIS. It should be mentioned, that the title of the Chapter should not also appear in the exact same way as title of a section or a subsection in the Thesis. Sections Each chapter consists of a number sections, the numbering of which is based on the number of the Chapter in which they appear. For example, the numbering of the sections for Chapter 2 is the following: 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 etc.. The first section of each chapter is called Introduction and the last one Summary. The “Introduction” section is used to introduce the reader to the topic of the Chapter and it should be composed of at least three paragraphs. The first paragraph should describe the topic of the Chapter in general, the second paragraph should provide a more detailed description, while the last one should describe briefly what will be discussed in the Chapter. The Summary should include a brief summary or review of the topic that was analyzed in that Chapter. Section titles should be written in bold, lower case letters and they should also be listed in the Table of Contents.

5

Subsections Each section can also be divided in several subsections. In order to use subsections, there needs to be more than one subsections. Otherwise, it is pointless to use subsections when there is only one. The subsections can either be numbered or unnumbered. When the subsections are numbered, the volume of their content should be large enough in order to justify the numbering, which follows the section number of the Chapter in which they appear; for example, the subsections 1 and 2 of the third section of Chapter two are listed as 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 respectively. The titles of the subsections which are numbered should be written in bold, lower case letters and they should also be listed in the Table of Contents. On the contrary, when the volume of subsections’ content is not large enough and their topic is less important in order to be included in the Table of Contents, the titles of the subsections could be written in bold, italics, lower case letters. It should also be noted that there should be a text in the section which uses subsections before subsections appear. 4. Supplementary Part The Supplementary Part of a Thesis provides information which complements or even completes Thesis main part. The supplementary part consists of two parts:

• The Appendix, which is optional and • The Bibliography, which is compulsory,

which are described in the following sections. Appendix The Appendix provides data, supplementary tables and figures, piece of evidence, questionnaires used in the research, and other supplementary information which they, maybe, support the main topic of the Thesis and, thus, they are not included in the main body. If there is only one appendix, then the tables should be numbered as A1, A2 etc., and they should not be mentioned in the Table of Contents. On the contrary, if there are more than one appendices, then the numbering should be written by adding an upper case letter of the English alphabet as follows: APPENDIX A, APPENDIX B, APPENDIX C etc., while the numbering of the tables follows the appendix number, i.e., the tables of APPENDIX A will be listed as Tables T.A.1, T.A.2 etc.. Similarly, the figures that might appear in the Appendix will be presented in the same way. In the Table of Contents will only be listed the Appendix or the Appendices of the Thesis.

6

Bibliography The Bibliography appears at the end of the Thesis, where all the references used in the Thesis are listed, divided into three sections: a) in English, b) in Foreign, c) on the Web. The Bibliography is listed in alphabetical order based on the last name of the first author, regardless of whether it is a scientific published article or a book. Indicatively, the Bibliography for an English or foreign book is written as follows: Αγιακλόγλου, Ν. Χ. και Οικονόµου, Σ. Γ. (2008), Μέθοδοι Προβλέψεων και Ανάλυσης Αποφάσεων, Εκδόσεις Μπένου, Αθήνα. Box, E. P. G., and Jenkins, M. G. (1976), Time Series Analysis forecasting and control, Holden-Day, San Francisco. Granger, C. W. J. and Newbold, P. (1986), Forecasting Economic Time Series, Second Edition, Academic Press, Inc., San Diego. Fuller, W. A. (1996), Introduction to Statistical Time Series, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. Salvator, D. (1996), Managerial Economics in a Global Economy, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill: New York. On the contrary, the bibliography for a scientific article is written as follows: Agiakloglou, C. and Newbold, P. (1992). Empirical Evidence on Dickey-Fuller-type tests.Journal of Time Series Analysis, 13, 471-483. Agiakloglou, C. and Karkalakos, S. (2009), A Spatial and Economic Analysis for Telecommunications: Evidence from the European Union, Journal of Applied Economics, XII, 11-32. De Gooijer J. G. and Hyndman R. J. (2006), 25 years of time series forecasting, International Journal of Forecasting, 22, 443-473. Hassier, U., Rotrigues, P. and Rubia, A. (2009), Testing for general fractional integration in the main domain, Econometric Theory, 25, 1793-1828. Tong, H. (2001), A personal journey through time series in Biometrika, Biometrika, 88, 195-218. It should be noted that all the references of the Thesis which appear in the main part should be listed analytically in Bibliography. B) General Principles of Writing the Master Thesis In the General Principles of Writing the Master Thesis the following are included: 1. Font - Margins - Alignment 2. Writing Format 3. Printing Page Format 4. Page Numbering 5. Tables 6. Figures 7. Mathematical Expressions 8. References

7

9. Footnotes 10. Printing and Other Instructions The information regarding the above-mentioned parts, as well as their writing format, is presented in details in the following sections, while a Sample is also provided at the end. Font - Margins - Alignment The font used in the entire Thesis is Times New Roman (Greek and English). The font size is 12 pt, with a few exceptions, as the number and the title of the Chapter should have 16 pt size, while the sections and subsection should have 14 pt. Guidelines regarding the font size in the initial pages are included in the Sample. Each page should be in A4 format (210mm x 297mm) and it should have the following margins: 3cm for top and bottom margins, 2.5cm left and right margins. The text should be fully aligned (justified). Writing Format In each section and subsection, the first paragraph should begin without indentation (tab), while all the other paragraphs should begin with 0.5cm indentation. There should be no space between paragraphs. Spacing should be set at 1.5cm. Printing Page Format The page printing should have a book format, which is a double-sided one, except from the preliminary part information, which should always start from an odd-number page. Page Numbering Thesis’ pages can be numbered in two ways, corresponding to the preliminary and the other parts of the Thesis. The pages of the preliminary part should be numbered using roman numerals (e.g., i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi etc.) appearing at the bottom and center of the page. Basically, numbering starts from the first page, i.e, the Greek cover, however, the number does not appear on that page. Likewise, the number does not appear on the English cover and Dedication page, if there is one, as well. The first numbered page using roman numerals is the abstract in Greek. It should be mentioned that numbering using roman numerals does not apply for blank pages. For example, if the Greek abstract does not span two pages, the second page, which appears on the back side of the same page, does not carry a page number.

8

The rest of the Thesis, which consists of the main and supplementary parts, is numbered using the classic Arabic numerals, i.e., the digits 1, 2, 3 etc., and starts from the first page of the first Chapter appearing at the bottom and center of the page. Tables Tables are numbered in a unique way based on the Chapter in which they appear and in ascending order. For example, the fifth table of the first Chapter is numbered as Table 1.5, while the third table of the second Chapter is numbered as Table 2.3. The tables are aligned to the center of the page, from left to right. The table’s number appears first, then the label, and then the table presenting the data. The numbering of the table and its label are both written in bold, lower case letters, e.g.,

Table 4.3 Statistical data for stocks’ performance in Banking Sector

[Insert Table]

Source: http://www.oecd.org In case that the table is used as it is, either unchanged or with a minor alteration in the data, and the author is willing to acknowledge the source, then the citation of the source will be inserted at the end of the table, i.e., at the bottom of the table, using 10 pt font size. The citation includes the name of the author and the publication year of the article, book or website as follows: Source: Author (Year) or website; the full reference of the source will be listed in Bibliography. The tables within the text can be place anywhere in the page, as long as there is enough available space, avoiding cutting the table at the middle of the page. If the table does not fit in one page, then it continues on the following page, where the number of the table appears at the begging of the new page, e.g., Table 4.3 and the word Continue below. In case there is a source for the data presented in the table, then it should appear at the end of the second half of the table. In the text, each table’s first letter is written with an upper-case letter when accompanied by its corresponding numbering, otherwise, it is written using lower case letters. For example, “Table 4.3 presents the mean and variance of stock’s performance in Banking Sector between 2000-2010. According to the table, it can be can be assumed that…”. A table should never be placed at the end of a section or a subsection. The section or subsection should always end with written text. Figures Figures are numbered in a unique way based on the Chapter in which they appear and in ascending order. For example, the second figure of the first chapter is numbered as Figure 1.2, while the fourth figure of Chapter three is numbered as Figure 3.4.

9

The presentation of the figures is similar to that of tables, with the only exception that its numbering and label is placed below each figure, followed by the source, if there is any. For example:

[Insert Figure]

Source: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home/

Figure 3.4 Diagrammatic illustration of GDP in Greece

In the text, each figure’s first letter is written with an upper-case letter when accompanied by its corresponding numbering, otherwise, it is written using lower-case letters. For example, “Figure 3.4 illustrates the GPD growth in Greece between 2000-2010. According to the figure, it is clear that…”. Figures within the text can be placed anywhere in the page, as long as there is enough available space. Unlike tables, figures should never be broken over two pages. A figure should also never be placed at the end of a section or a subsection. The section or subsection should always end with written text. Mathematical Expressions The mathematical expressions can be placed anywhere in the text, except from those having a special meaning which stand alone at the center of the line. The expression which will be used or referred latter on in the Thesis should be numbered. The mathematical expressions are numbered based on the chapter in which they appear and in ascending order, e.g., the second expression of the third chapter is numbered as (3.2). The numbering should be presented in parentheses, in the same line as the relevant expression and aligned to the right side of the page, e.g., Υ = α + βΧ + ε (3.2) while the description in the Thesis text will be as follows: “According to the expression (3.2), it can be assumed that…”. References While writing the Thesis’ topic, there should be references to the relevant scientific work, books or articles analyzing the same topic. References are used either as a historical review of a topic or as a supporting evidence to an argument of the Thesis. The in-text references are placed anywhere in the Thesis text, citing only the author’s name, whether it is a published scientific article or a book, and its publication date in parentheses. An in-text citation can be presented generally in three ways: a) Directly in the sentence, as for example, “According to Ganger (1987), the casual relation is determined based on the following statistic control…”. b) Indirectly in the sentence, as for example, “… the behavior of this phenomenon was studied by several researchers from different scientific fields (e.g., John (2010), Miller (2006) και Billar (1999))”,

10

c) Directly quoting word by word a piece of text from another work. Quotation marks should be added to the material to indicate that it was quoted word by word from another source. For example, «…according to McDonney (2005) “This effect causes a variable variance problem and it should be addressed in a proper way.”». Moreover, the latter in-text reference form could also appear as a footnote if the author does not want or feel that is necessary to quote word by word the original work from another author. If the authors of a work or book are more than one, then, in case there are two authors, both of their last names are mentioned together along with the publication date of their work, e.g., Granger and Engle, (1985), while, in case that there are more than two authors, only the last name of the first appearing author is mentioned along with the Italian abbreviation in italics et. al., which derives from the phrase et alii meaning “and the others” in Italian. Each in-text citation in Thesis should be listed in the Bibliography as well. Footnotes The references that have a supplementary or supporting role and, thus, there is no need to be placed in Thesis’ main body, they can be displayed as footnotes. All footnotes are numbered and placed at the end of the sentence after the full stop, where its numbering appears as superscript. For example, «This effect is called heteroskedasticity¹.». Footnote’s content appears at the bottom of the page citing author’s last name and the publication year of the relevant work. In case that the footnote contains a sentence quoted directly from a source, then the page number from that source containing the sentence should be also included. Printing and Other Instructions The printing of the Thesis should be double-sided in a book format, noting that each new chapter must definitely start at an odd-number page. Often, it is necessary to present some information as a list (using bullets). These lists should have 0.5cm indentation from the left side of the paragraph and they should never be placed at the end of a section or a subsection. If the section or subsection ends with a list, then there should be followed by at least one paragraph or a sentence completing the presentation of the section or subsection properly. Several terms contain more than one word. For example: Autoregressive Moving Average – ARMA Models. In that case, terminology should be presented analytically followed by the relevant abbreviation at the beginning of the Chapter; then, it depends on the author whether he will use the initial term or its abbreviation, at this discretion. When Latin words or expressions appear in the text, they should be written in italics, as for example, a priori, ceteris paribus etc..

11

C) Author’s Responsibilities Following Supervisor’s approval of Thesis’ completion, a date and time for Thesis’ presentation is set. The author should have print three soft-bound copies, which will be handled to the three members of the board at least one week prior to the presentation. At the time of the presentation, he should have prepared supporting material for the presentation. Following the successful Thesis defense, the author should sign a Thesis submission declaration, declaring that the Thesis was composed strictly by himself and that it has not been submitted for any other undergraduate or postgraduate degree in Greece or abroad. After the approval of the board and taking into account that there are not any corrections, the author should submit two hard-bound copies; one to the secretary of the Master Program and the other to the University’s Library, along with an electronic copy of the Thesis in an opting drive-CD.

D) Sample In the sample, the format of the following Thesis’ parts is presented: 1. Cover in Greek Language 2. Cover in English Language 3. Dedication 4. Acknowledgment 5. Abstract in Greek Language 6. Abstract in English Language 7. Table of Contents 8. Table Index 9. Figure Index 10. Indicative Main Part 11. Bibliography followed by their detailed presentation.

12

ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΠΕΙΡΑΙΩΣ (18 pt) ΤΜΗΜΑ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΗΣ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗΣ (18 pt)

ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΜΕΤΑΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΩΝ ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ (16 pt) ΣΤΗΝ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΣΙΑΚΗ ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΙΚΗ

(16 pt)

[ΤΙΤΛΟΣ ΔΙΠΛΩΜΑΤΙΚΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ] (18 pt)

[Ονοµατεπώνυµο Συγγραφέα] (16 pt)

Διπλωµατική Εργασία υποβληθείσα στο Τµήµα Οικονοµικών Επιστηµών του Πανεπιστηµίου Πειραιώς ως µέρους των απαιτήσεων για την απόκτηση Μεταπτυχιακού Διπλώµατος Ειδίκευσης στην Οικονοµική και Επιχειρησιακή

Στρατηγική (10 pt)

Πειραιάς, Δεκέµβριος 2017 (12 pt)

13

UNIVERSITY OF PIRAEUS (18 pt) DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS (18 pt)

MASTER PROGRAM IN ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS STRATEGY (16 pt)

[MASTER THESIS TITLE] (18 pt)

By [Author’s Name] (16 pt)

Master Thesis submitted to the Department of Economics of the University of Piraeus in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Economic and Business Strategy (10 pt)

Piraeus, Greece, December 2017 (12 pt)

14

[Space for Dedication] (12 pt) To my family (Italics)

15

Acknowledgements (14 pt)

[Space for author’s Acknowledgment] (12 pt)

16

[Thesis Title in Greek Language] (16 pt)

Σηµαντικοί Όροι: [Important Terms used in the Thesis] (12 pt)

Περίληψη (14 pt)

[Abstract text in Greek Language] (12 pt)

[Page Numbering] ix (12 pt)

17

[Thesis Title in English Language] (16 pt)

Important Keywords: [Important Terms used in the Thesis] (12 pt)

Abstract(14 pt)

[Abstract text in English Language] (12 pt)

[Page Numbering] xi (12 pt)

18

Table of Contents (16 pt)

Abstract in Greek Language (14 pt) ix Abstract in English Language xi Table Index xiii Figure Index xv CHAPTER 1: General Principles Economic Theory (16 pt) 1.1 Introduction (14 pt) 1 1.2 Historical review 2 1.3 Elements of Microeconomic Theory 7 1.4 Elements of Macroeconomic Theory 13 1.5 Elements of Monetary Theory 19 1.6 Summary 25

[Altrenative presentation format]

CHAPTER 2 (16 pt)

Market Types (16 pt) 2.1 Introduction (14 pt) 31 2.2 Perfect Competition 32 2.2.1 Short Run Equilibrium 34 2.2.2 Long Run Equilibrium 28 2.3 Monopoly 43 2.4 Oligopoly 52 2.5 Monopolistic Competition 59 2.6 Summary 60

xiii (12 pt)

19

CHAPTER 3: Electrical Energy Market

3.1 Introduction 61 3.2 Historical review 62 3.3.1 The American Case 63 3.3.2 The European Case 66 3.4 The Greek experience 70 3.5 Summary 78 CHAPTER 4: Electrical Energy Supply Price Setting and Competition 4.1 Introduction 79 4.2 Pricing Policy Methods 82 4.3 The case of Greece and the Regulatory Authority 87 4.4 Data Presentation and Analysis 91 4.5 Estimation of Elasticity of Demand 98 4.6 Summary 106 APPENDIX (16 pt) 107 BIBLIOGRAPHY (16 pt)

xiv (12 pt)

20

Table Index (16 pt)

[Table Numbering] [Table Title] [Page] 3.1 Descriptive Statistic Data (12 pt) 71 4.1 Coefficient estimation of the models 99

[Page Numbering] xv (12 pt)

21

Figure Index (16 pt)

[Figure Numbering] [Figure Title] [Page] 1.2 Changes in Currency Exchange Rates 20 1.3 OPEC Prices ($/ barrel) 29

xvii (12 pt)

22

Chapter 1 (16 pt) General Principles of Economy Theory (16 pt)

1.1 Introduction (14 pt) Every science has its own terminology, but also its own way of thinking and dealing with the various phenomena which analyzes. For example, Maths deals with postulates, derivatives, integrals, as well as with space vectors. On the contrary, Legal science deals with laws and principles which should be applied in the area of social and professional behavior. Similarly, Economics deal with the basic principles concerning goods and services exchanging, i.e., the price setting in various markets types, but even more with the fundamentals appearing in a country’s overall level in economic activity. Principles, such as demand, supply, price equilibrium, elasticity, comparative advantage, income, consumption, investment etc., are the basic terminology in Economics. Economics have a unique way to address the behavior of economic phenomena. They are seeking for a solution based on a restriction. The satisfaction of humans’ desires, for example, it is based on a certain important restriction, whether it is consumer’s income on an individual level or state resources on a general level. Thus, Economics provide researchers with a unique way to addressing different things. …………… 1.5 Summary

23

BIBLIOGRAPHY (16 pt)

English (14 pt)

Bollerslev, T., Chou, R. Y., and Kronker, K. F. (1992). ARCH modeling in finance, Journal of Econometrics, 52, 5-59. Box, E. P. G., and Jenkins, M. G. (1970). Time Series Analysis forecasting and control, Holden-Day, San Francisco.

Foreign (14 pt)

Αγιακλόγλου, Ν. Χ. και Οικονόµου, Σ. Γ. (2004). Μέθοδοι Προβλέψεων και Ανάλυσης Αποφάσεων, Εκδόσεις Μπένου, Αθήνα. Γεωργόπουλος, Β. Ν., Πανταζή, Α. Μ-Α, Νικολαράκος, Θ. Χ. και Βαγγελάτος, Χ. Ι. (2001). Ηλεκτρονικό Επιχειρεί: Προγραµµατισµός και Σχεδίαση, Εκδόσεις Μπενού, Αθήνα. Καρβούνης, Κ. Σ. (2000). Οικονοµοτεχνικές Μελέτες, , Εκδόσεις Σταµούλη, Αθήνα.

Websites (14 pt)

http://www.oecd.org